The research of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and perfluoroocatane sulfonate

As two kinds of emerging chemicals, the pollution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） and perfluoroocatane sulfonate （PFOS） has been becoming a global environmental problem. Also, research of the transport, transfer, bioaccumulation in organism, and toxicology of these two kinds of pollutant is a hotspot in environmental sciences now. In this paper, we summarize and critically review the status and progress of PBDEs and PFOS exposure to human beings. Further, data analyses based on statistical methods are done to study the characters of PBDEs and PCBs concentrations in different regions in the world.     

城市交通噪声及其危害

噪声,是人们不愿意听的声音。环境噪声影响人们的工作、学习、谈话、思考、休息和睡眠。长此以往,环境噪声不仅危害人们的身心健康,甚至折损人的寿命。城市交通噪声,对环境和人体健康影响最为普遍、显著。目前,北京市交通要道的噪声水平,已经超过国家规定的环境噪声控制标准,需要采取控制措施。     

天王星的公转影响地球和地球上生物体的行为

指出了地球和地球上生物体的行为,特别是人类的行为,受到天王星运转的影响,支持这一观点的科学证据是非常有限的.一些研究证据表明:全球温度变化、地震的频率和强度、地球上生物体和人类的行为包括流感的流行、股市的趋势和崩盘,甚至战争,与天王星的公转有关.提出了导致这些改变的原因是由于天王星84年的公转周期伴随节律性的磁场方向和强度的变化,这可能节律性地改变地球自转轴倾斜度,结果影响地球本身和地球上生物体的行为.     

Evidence of fire use of late Pleistocene humans from the Huanglong Cave, Hubei Province, China

Since 2004, three excavations have been carried out at a late Pleistocene human fossil site of Huanglong Cave in Yunxi County, Hubei Province of China, which unearthed seven human teeth, dozens of stone tools, mammal fossils and other evidence indicating human activities. During the third excavation in 2006, in the same layer as the human teeth, we found some patches of black materials embedded in the deposit. We doubted that this black deposit layer is the remains of burning or even human use of fire at the cave. To further explore the possibility of human fire use at the Huanglong Cave, we examined samples directly taken from the black deposit layer and compared them with samples taken from several places in the cave using three methods: micromorphology, element content determination and deposit temperature analysis. Our results indicate that the contents of carbon element in the black deposit reach 64.59%―73.29%. In contrast, contents of carbon element of the comparative samples from other parts in the cave are only 5.82%―9.49%. The micromorphology analysis of the black deposit samples reveals a plant structure like axial parenchyma, fibrocyte, uniseriate ray and vessel. High-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements suggest that the stratum possibly underwent a high temperature in the nature. Based on these lab analyses, we are sure that the black layer in the Huanglong Cave is the remains of fire and combustion did occur in the cave 100000 years ago. Taking other evidence of human activities found in the Huanglong Cave into consideration, we believe that the evidence of fire from the Huanglong Cave was caused by the human activities of controlled use of fire.     

践行科学发展观 提升高校图书馆人力资源的管理

本文从科学发展观的角度,对高校图书馆人力资源的开发和管理提出了新的要求,强调以人为本,注重科学的观点;并阐述了以科学发展观推动高校图书馆人力资源开发和管理的策略。     

Production of human lysozyme-transgenic cloned porcine embryos by somatic nuclear transfer

Due to their physiology and organ size, pigs have significant potential as human disease models and as organ transplantation donors. Genetic modification of pigs could provide benefits for both agriculture and human medicine. In this study, five fetal pig fibroblast cell lines from two species (Wuzhishan and Landrace pigs) were transfected using double-marked human lysozyme (HLY) plasmids (pBC1-HLY-GFP-NEO) by a liposome-mediated method. The ratio of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing cells was >95% in sw7, sw8, slw3 and slw6 cell lines, but only 49.3% in slw9 cells. Cells from the four highly transgenic lines were used as nuclear donors to construct embryos, which were then cultured after fusion and activation by electric stimulation. The rate of cleavage was 76.7%, 48 h after activation. After 7 days, 18.5% of cleaved eggs had developed to the blastocyst stage and 93.3% of blastocysts were GFP-positive. These results indicate that transgenic fetal pig fibroblast cell lines could be obtained by a liposome-mediated method, though the transfection efficiency varied between cell lines. Reconstructed embryos derived from transgenic cells could successfully develop into blastocysts, most of which were GFP-positive.     

试论电视纪录片的“人文关怀”及其表现形态

关于电视纪录片的“人文关怀”一直是受评论家关注的现象,但也大都是局限于纪录片本身来谈的,而本文作者力图将其放在社会文化价值观建构的背景下进行分析。文章着重讨论了纪录片人文关怀的内容特征,社会意义及其多样化的表现形态。     

类人弹性蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

类人弹性蛋白是由VAPGVG六肽重复序列构成的多肽。研究通过全基因合成获得上游引入NcoI和下游引入XhoI限制性内切酶位点的[(VAPGVG)3S]4基因编码序列,通过定向递归连接技术在pMD19-T simple克隆载体中构建[(VAPGVG)3S]32基因编码序列。利用NcoI和XhoI双酶切从重组克隆载体中回收[(VAPGVG)3S]32(ELPs)基因编码序列,在T4 DNA连接酶作用下与NcoI和XhoI双酶切处理的线性化载体DNA分子pET28a(+)重组,重组混合物转化大肠杆菌Top10感受态细胞。从添加有50μg·mL-1卡那霉素的LB平板上随机挑取37℃培养过夜的转化克隆,碱法小量抽提质粒DNA,经酶切及序列测定筛选出序列正确的重组质粒DNA转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞。从添加有50μg·mL-1卡那霉素的LB平板上随机挑取37℃培养过夜的转化克隆至新鲜配制的TB液体培养基中,于37℃、200 r·min-1培养至OD600约为0.60 h,添加终浓度为100μg·mL-1的IPTG诱导类人弹性蛋白表达3 h,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳及Western blotting分析表明,该研究成功构建了类人弹性蛋白原核表达载体,在IPTG诱导作用下以可溶性状态高效表达。灰度扫描分析显示,重组类人弹性蛋白经IPTG诱导表达3 h后,可达宿主细胞可溶性蛋白的28.3%。该工作为以大肠杆菌为表达宿主,大量制备类人弹性蛋白用于生物医学材料奠定了良好的基础。     

水溶液中人胆汁糖蛋白与碳酸钙的结合研究

利用付里叶变换红外光谱 (FT -IR) ,结合减法、二阶导、退卷积和曲线拟合等先进光谱技术及ICP -AES分析方法 ,对人胆汁中提取的糖蛋白 (HBG)和碳酸钙 (CaCO3)反应后的滤液进行了研究。结果表明 ,HBG和碳酸钙之间存在着络合配位和多形式的氢键作用 ,使两者的微观结构发生了变化 ,形成了水溶性的HBG -碳酸钙复合物。该复合物的形成是生物矿化的基础。     

An overview of climate change impacts on the society in China

Society could sustain the impact of climate change by adapting to the change and mitigating risks from adverse effects of increasing changes, so that it can continue maintaining its prospect and improving wellbeing. Nevertheless, climate change is more or less affecting society's functions at different scales, including both individuals and communities. In this review, we discuss the relationship between society and climate change in China from the aspects of the needs at different socioeconomic developing stages. The relationship as well as the current spatial pattern and future risks of the climate change impacts on societies are summarized. The complexity of social and climatic systems leads to the spatial heterogeneity of climate impacts and risks in China. To more effectively leverage increasing knowledge about the past, we advocate greater cross-disciplinary collaboration between climate adaption, poverty alleviation and Nature-based Solutions (Nbs). That could provide decision makers with more comprehensive train of thoughts for climate policy making.