大直径超长钻孔灌注桩桩端后压浆机理探讨

在分析大直径超长灌注桩实时应力监测资料的基础上,从力学机理入手分析桩端后压浆对基桩承载特性的影响.分析结果表明:桩端后压浆主要通过渗透固结、挤密充填等作用,改善桩端及桩周地层土的物理力学性质,消除桩端虚土对承载力的影响效果明显;由于扩底和劈裂泥皮作用,基桩桩端承载面积及桩体的有效长度与侧摩阻力均得到明显的提高.     

复杂河道环境内水流冲击桥墩的数值模拟——以广安五福桥为例

广安市拟在西溪河原拱桥上游修建行车桥改善城市交通,桥梁拟建于河道弯顶处,拟建位置上下游涉水建筑物较多,汛期时桥墩周围水动力环境较为复杂。为研究汛期时弯道处桥墩受水流冲击的规律,以FLOW-3D水动力学数值模拟软件为研究工具对固定工况中水流冲击圆柱形桥墩的过程进行数值模拟。将河道模型拆分为简单模型进行模拟,发现模拟计算结果与经验公式结果较为吻合,在该基础上进行数值模拟,研究结果表明：(1)河道中景观闸与拱桥间为水流急变区,可能对河床及桥墩底部造成冲刷;(2)拟建桥区水流对桥墩的冲击压力时程变化呈现不规律脉动,主频范围为0~0.02Hz;(3)凹岸桥墩所受水流冲击力明显大于凸岸,随着流量增大,凹岸桥墩受力方向与顺河向的正夹角增大,凸岸桥墩受力与顺河向的负夹角减小。     

某大桥引桥承载能力分析

某大桥的引桥经过多年的运营出现了一些病害,为摸清该桥的承载能力以及使用性能,基于通用有限元程序软件进行理论计算,同时根据理论计算结果作为控制内力进行现场检测试验,试验结果表明该桥引桥部分使用性能较好,承载能力满足有关规范的要求。     

深水高桩基础桥梁地震水动力效应分析

摘要：针对我国深水桥梁建设中广泛采用大型群桩基础的现实情况,为满足深水桥梁抗震分析和抗震设计的需求,进行了深水高桩基础桥梁地震动水力效应的研究。首先将深水高桩基础的承台理想化为一个浸入水中的截断圆柱体,建立了截断圆柱体的地震动水压等效附加质量与等效附加阻尼矩阵的解析计算方法;其次提出了非圆柱体等效为圆柱体的近似处理方法;第三在频域建立了深水高桩基础桥梁考虑动水力效应的地震振动方程,并完成了有限元程序编制;最后对一座跨海峡大桥进行了地震反应计算,结果表明地震动水力效应对深水高桩基础桥梁的地震反应有重要影响,因计算的反应量不同,可能使地震反应增大,也可能使地震反应减小,其影响程度在抗震分析与设计中应当加以考虑。     

结构变形监测的单频GPS动态三差法

分析了单历元和似单差两种GPS监测方法的不足,提出了适于工程结构快速、大变形监测的单频GPS动态三差法.该方法利用两个连续跟踪历元形成的三差相位值建模,直接提取动态变形,所建模型无整周模糊度,伪距单点定位和单频载波相对定位即可分别满足其对基准点和基线向量的初值精度要求,适用于动态变形量大于半个波长的量测实践.将单频动态三差法应用于南京长江三桥结构振动监测数据处理,计算结果表明,所提方法与双频单历元法解算的高程变形在5 mm均方误差意义下一致,且基于该方法得到的动态变形序列准确地提取了三桥主梁一阶竖弯处的固有频率0.25 Hz及其响应信号,验证了模型与方法的正确性.     

更换弦杆加固刚架拱桥技术研究与实践

以江西省宜春市老袁河大桥（刚架拱）加固提载工程为实例,依据大桥的病害及其成因,重点研究了拆除并更换部分弦杆加固的技术,以恢复刚架拱的强度与整体性。该桥还同时应用了在大、小节点、斜撑和主拱腿拱脚处外包钢筋混凝土、重建桥面铺装等加固与改造技术,可供出现类似病害的刚架拱桥维修加固参考和借鉴。     

钢筋混凝土桥梁裂缝成因浅析

本文对钢筋混凝土桥梁裂缝的种类和产生的原因进行分析,以方便设计、施工时找出控制裂缝的可行办法。     

浦上大桥斜拉桥设计

福州浦上大桥通航孔主桥为(72+2×110+72)m三塔单索斜拉桥,本文着重介绍了斜拉桥设计。     

Wind tunnel study of aerodynamic wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge

Segment sectional model tests are carried out to investigate the wind loading on middle pylon of Taizhou Bridge, which has complicated three-dimensional flow due to its feature of double columns. Through the force measuring tests, aerodynamic force coefficients of every segment of the pylon columns have been obtained. It is found that the tested aerodynamic force coefficients are much smaller than those given by codes. The interference effects of aerodynamic force coefficients between columns of pylon are discussed. The results show that the interference effect is the most evident when the yaw angle is about 30 ° from transverse direction. This kind of interference effect can be described as diminutions in transverse aerodynamic force coefficients and magnifications in longitudinal aerodynamic force coefficients of downstream columns.     

Study in the design and manufacture process ofthe elastic cable anchor box in steel box girder of Taizhou Bridge

Taizhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge is a large span suspension bridge with three pylons. The elastic cables are installed to connect the steel tower and the steel box girder. The constraints can increase the safety coefficient of the middle saddle, and improve the stress conditions of the middle pylon and decrease the deflection in the middle of the main girder, as well as the longitudinal displacement of the main girder caused by live loads. The anchorage boxes of the elastic cable are installed in the wind fairing outside the vertical web plate of the box girder. Two anchor boxes form a pair and are arranged parallelly. Eight anchor boxes are installed in the bridge. In this paper, the design scheme and the technical difficulties in manufacturing are briefly discussed with the precision control techniques.