清代交食记录的历史文献及其研究状况

概述了清代交食史料的原始文献以及目前对这些史料的整理和研究状况．     

史料派与史观派分野之原因刍议

史料派与史观派的分野不单单是政治上、治学旨趣方面的原因，它是多元因素互动的结果，是中西文化交流、碰撞、竞争下的中国社会的特定产物。史料学与史观是相辅相成的，史料派与史观派也非绝对对立，也有学术上的联系。     

晚唐咏史诗对社会兴亡人生成败的归因简析

咏史诗,是在混乱的政治、战乱的社会和颓靡的时代里,晚唐诗人解剖历史和人生的结晶。其对王朝兴亡、人生成败的归因是辩证、全面而深刻的。诗人形象演绎了“成由勤俭破由奢”的历史逻辑;对女人非祸水作了鲜明有力、符合逻辑的辩正;在强调德、能等人事因素影响兴亡成败的同时,肯定了“时”“运”“命”等非人事的偶然因素对兴亡成败的影响力。     

Anachronism and retrospective explanation: in defence of a present-centred history of science

This paper defends the right of historians to make use of their knowledge of the remote consequences of past actions. In particular, it is argued that the disciplinary cohesion of the history of science relies crucially upon our ability to target, for further investigation, those past activities ancestral to modern science. The history of science is not limited to the study of those activities but it is structured around them. In this sense, the discipline is inherently ‘present-centred’: its boundaries are determined, in part, by judgements inaccessible to the historical actors. Present-centredness of this sort, it is urged, should not be regarded as a problem; its methodological consequences are minimal.     

传统的失落--后现代思潮及对中国新时期文坛的影响

80年代以后 ,西方后现代主义思潮成为世界性的文化景观 ,也影响了中国文坛 ,一些作家主张“平面写作”,取消理想 ,消解文学的深度 ,形成了具有明显后现代特征的文学新思潮 ,如先锋派文学、新写实小说等     

Influence of the carbon cycle on the attribution of responsibility for climate change

The carbon cycle is one of the fundamental climate change issues.Its long-term evolution largely affects the amplitude and trend of human-induced climate change,as well as the formulation and implementation of emission reduction policy and technology for stabilizing the atmospheric CO2concentration.Two earth system models incorporating the global carbon cycle,the Community Earth System Model and the Beijing Normal University-Earth System Model,were used to investigate the effect of the carbon cycle on the attribution of the historical responsibility for climate change.The simulations show that when compared with the criterion based on cumulative emissions,the developed(developing)countries’responsibility is reduced(increased)by 6%–10%using atmospheric CO2concentration as the criterion.This discrepancy is attributed to the fact that the developed world contributed approximately61%–68%(61%–64%)to the change in global oceanic(terrestrial)carbon sequestration for the period from 1850 to2005,whereas the developing world contributed approximately 32%–49%(36%–39%).Under a developed world emissions scenario,the relatively larger uptake of global carbon sinks reduced the developed countries’responsibility for carbon emissions but increased their responsibility for global ocean acidification(68%).In addition,the large emissions from the developed world reduced the efficiency of the global carbon sinks,which may affect the long-term carbon sequestration and exacerbate global warming in the future.Therefore,it is necessary to further consider the interaction between carbon emissions and the carbon cycle when formulating emission reduction policy.     

广东农业外来有害生物空心莲子草入侵的历史阶段与特点

空心莲子草是广东的重要入侵植物之一,在广东的大部分地区均有分布,对广东的农业、水上交通、自然生态等产生较大的危害.文章对空心莲子草的历史阶段与特点进行研究可对其生长习性、入侵规律有更好的了解,有利于对其进行更好的防治与利用.空心莲子草在广东的入侵共分为三个历史阶段,第一阶段为引进与逸生时期（1970-1979年）,野生种群规模小、分散,对广东的地区的危害不大;第二阶段为建立种群与快速蔓延时期（1980-1999年）,入侵范围的不断增加,危害较大,莲草直胸跳甲对防治空心莲子草产生了一定防控作用;第三阶段为大规模危害与开发利用时期（2000年至今）,种群规模更大、危害的生境不断增加、危害范围进一步扩散,但防治技术并有一定程度的提高.     

《史记》列传中程度补语研究

在详细调查《史记》列传的基础上,对其中的程度补语作了细致分析。"(主语)+动词+程度补语"格式出现频率最高,未出现"动词+程度补语+宾语"格式。充当程度补语的有副词"甚"、"笃"、"极"、"愈",动词"酣",形容词"困",其中,"甚"和"酣"出现频率较高;未出现后代常用的"死"、"透"等词语。现代汉语程度补语格式"动词+得+程度补语"在《史记》列传中未有用例。     

共同体观念下的“机器”意象——以《在流放地》为例

发轫于19世纪末的现代主义文学,充斥着许多关于"机器"意象的描写。文章在共同体观念中关于时间维度的理论框架下,以卡夫卡的《在流放地》为例来说明这些"机器"意象所蕴含的人被机械技术异化并且甘于沉沦的主题。而在当下,机器对人的这种束缚性依然存在,我们要做的便是向这个机器时代展示出我们人类的觉醒与反抗态度。