浅谈韩国建筑文化的历史发展与几点思考

介绍了韩国各时代建筑文化的历史发展及其原因，着重介绍了韩国建筑文化的特征及其近代建筑的发展，分析了韩国建筑文化历史发展的延续性、关联性。     

A periodization of research technologies and of the emergency of genericity

According to the historian and sociologist of science Terry Shinn, the creator of the concept of ‘research technologies’: “Research technologies may sometimes generate promising packets of instrumentation for yet undefined ends. They may offer technological answers to questions that have hardly been raised. Research technologists׳s instruments are then generic in the sense that they are base-line apparatus which can subsequently be transformed by experimenters into products tailored to specific economic ends or adapted by experimenters to further cognitive ends in academic research.”¹ Genericity thus manifests one of three fundamental characteristics of research technologies. At the same time, however, each research technology emerges out of the specific disciplinary context in which it is initially developed with entirely concrete aims. Consequently, genericity does not exist from the outset but first has to form, along a path that remains to be clarified. It is produced or constructed by the actors on two levels: as an instrument in the laboratory and as a way of speaking at the representational level. This issue yields the structure of this paper. Three options for the transition of a specific technique into a generic research technology are compared. One of them proves to be the most frequent pattern of this dynamic. This is explored further, taking as paradigmatic examples ‘computed tomography’ (CT), ‘nuclear magnetic resonance׳ (NMR) and its application known as ‘magnetic resonance imaging’ (MRI), together with several additional examples.     

汉初思想家的历史反思

:陆贾、贾谊是汉初两大著名思想家。汉初社会的现实问题促使他们进行历史反思 ,寻求社会长治久安之道。汉初思想家进行历史反思的内容主要是治理天下正反两个方面的经验 ,反思的重点则是秦。他们在历史反思中看到了人民的力量 ,认识到夺取天下与治理天下应采取不同的方法。其历史的反思的指导思想是发展的变易的历史哲学思想。他们所阐发的思想与主张包含着大量真理性认识 ,对汉初统治者的治国举措有着广泛而深刻的影响     

用唯物史观重析刑讯逼供行为

本文用马克思主义唯物史观重析刑讯逼供行为,认为其产生的终极原因在于中国的经济条件和生产关系,指出不能企望在短期内杜绝刑讯逼供行为,而是要在努力发展社会主义的物质文明的同时,积极建设社会主义的政治文明,用先进的政治法律思想和制度去教育规范侦查人员,才可能逐步减少直至消灭刑讯逼供行为。     

畲瑶传统婚姻文化类同性的形成条件

畲瑶两族大多傍山而居,长时间生活在山区辽阔、溪流回绕、气候温和湿润的自然地理环境中,并在此基础上形成了独特而滞后的社会经济、鲜明而固化的民族意识、神圣而封闭的宗教组织、多边而开放的族际关系等人文社会环境,进而滋生出具有本民族特色的婚姻文化.因而,从自然地理环境与人文社会环境两个层面来探讨畲瑶传统婚姻文化类同性的形成条件,不仅可以揭示出两个民族婚姻文化的历史发展脉络,而且有助于更加深入地考察两族“同源异流”的历史关系.     

试论郭沫若历史剧中的女性形象

郭沫若的历史剧塑了许多动人心旌的女性形象，本文认为：这些女性形象既异彩纷呈，又被高度心灵化了，既具有女性特征，又富有英雄气质，既有作者的影子，又贯注着时代精神，她们一会我们表现着历史，一方面又为我们照示着未来，显示出美的深永魅力。     

催生“历史地理建筑学”：呼唤地域研究及其实践的文化总体性——以泰顺、石碇等地的考察、实践经验为例

面对着1980年代以降因为全球化、现代性所导致的城乡平庸、恶质发展，海峡两岸许多地方需要新的方法去考察、理解自身的时空变迁，以便重新建构地方自身美丽的地景与迷人的特质。为此，亟欲催生强调历史地理与建筑之间具有紧密互生关系的“历史地理建筑学”，以便呼吁区域研究与相关实践中必须被重视的文化总体性。立基于在泰顺、石碇等地进行地方研究及其实践所总结积累的全盘性经验，强调“地域性”的重要与内容，揭露其自然展现为“文化地景”的状况；简述“空间结构图”在研究实践过程中所将具有的知识论与方法论功能，说明置入地方丈脉之“修补式规划设计”的实践方法。“历史地理建筑学”为当前魅力人文地方的发现与重建提供可资攻错的参考性基础。     

中国古代对密度的认识和应用

根据有关史料，探讨了古人对密度概念的萌生与形成。叙述了密度概念的应用和密度测定的概况，并与国外情况做了简单对比，说明中国古人对密度的认识、测定和利用均处于领先地位     

The unfolding of the historical style in modern cosmology: Emergence,evolution, entrenchment

This paper traces the emergence, evolution and subsequent entrenchment of the historical style in the shifting scene of modern cosmological inquiry. It argues that the historical style in cosmology was forged in the early decades of the 20^th century and continued to evolve in the century that followed. Over time, the scene of cosmological inquiry has gradually become dominated and entirely constituted by historicist explanations. Practices such as forwards and backwards temporal extrapolation (thinking about the past evolutionary history of the universe with different initial conditions and other parameters) are now commonplace. The non-static geometrization of the cosmos in the early 20th century led to inquires thinking about the cosmos in evolutionary terms. Drawing on the historical approach of Gamow (and contrasting this with the ahistorical approach of Bondi), the paper then argues that the historical style became a major force as inquirers began scouring the universe for fossils and other relics as a new form of scientific practice—cosmic palaeontology. By the 1970s the historical style became the bedrock of the discipline and the presupposition of new lines of inquiry. By the end of the 20th century, the historical style was pushed to its very limits as temporal reasoning began to occur beyond a linear historical narrative. With the atemporal ‘ensemble’ type multiverse proposals, a certain type of ahistorical reasoning has been reintroduced to cosmological discourse, which, in a sense, represents a radical de-historicization of the historical style in cosmology. Some are now even attempting to explain the laws of physics in terms of their historicity.     

周原地区新生代地貌特征略论

周原地区新生代的地貌特征可由其现代地貌和基岩古地貌表现出来。其现代的地貌特征是西北升高向东南倾斜。由于(氵韦)河分割,周原地区分成南北两大部分,北部属于周原本身地区而缩小破碎;南部属于分割后的积石原地区,而其南北两缘又有“稍稍隆起”或突起的特点,原面略呈瓦状浅凹平形由西北斜向东南。这是大约在早第三纪到晚第三纪这一时期形成的。它又是由新构造运动的“波浪式发展”所造成的,并反映了“有怎样的黄土塬地形就有怎样的基岩古地貌”原理。