单晶晶须螺位错旋转方向的判定与性质的研究

结合化学浸蚀法光学观察和X射线形貌技术,本文提出了一种不破坏单晶晶须样品而判定螺位错旋转方向的方法,并对Nacl单晶晶须进行了研究,得到了一些有趣的结论。     

Evaluation of some Fourier integrals inN-dimensional space for the theory of dislocations in quasicrystals

A method to evaluate some Fourier integrals is extended from two-dimensional (2-D) and three dimensional (3-D) spaces ton-dimensional (n-D) space, which are often used in the elasticity theory of dislocations in quasicrystals. Some key formulae have been given. Foundation item: Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei (9920p307) Biography: Yao Duan-zheng (1946-), female, Professor, Research interests: mathematical physics and nonlinear optics.     

450℃高能电子辐照对CLAM钢微观结构的影响

为了研究低活化马氏体CLAM钢的抗辐照肿胀性能,在450℃下对CLAM钢进行大剂量高能电子辐照的原位动态实验.利用超高压透射电子显微镜观察发现,CLAM钢中产生了大量的间隙原子型位错环和多面体形状的辐照空洞.分析了它们的形核和长大规律以及相关机制.计算表明,CLAM钢在高能电子辐照下的最大肿胀率为0·26%,具有较好的抗辐照肿胀性能.     

Investigation of stress corresion cracking under anodic dissolution control

This review is about stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under anodic dissolution control. The section 1 is the methods distinguishing SCC controlled by anodic dissolution from those by hydrogen. The section 2 presents hydrogen-enhanced corrosion and SCC under anodic dissolution control. The section 3 demonstrates corrosion-enhanced localized plasticity and corrosion-induced deformation localization, which are the fundaments of new mechanism of SCC. The section 4 is an overview of the proposed mechanisms of SCC under anodic dissolution control. The last section proposes a new mechanism of SCC.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Proof of Hydrogen-enhanced Dislocation Emission in Nickel

A quasi three dimensions molecular dynamic method was used to simulate the effect of hydrogen on dislocation emission and crack propagation in nickel. In situ observation in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to confirm the simulation results. The simulation result indicated that hydrogen solubilized in nickel decreased the critical stress intensity for the dislocation emission, i.e., hydrogen enhanced dislocation emission. In situ observation in TEM showed that hydrogen enhanced dislocation emission and motion before the initiation of hydrogen-induced crack.     

汶川8.0级地震地表破裂白鹿镇段的变形特征*

汶川8.0级地震在彭县-灌县断裂上形成的地表破裂带主要位于彭州磁峰与安县睢水之间,全长约90 km,白鹿镇位于该断裂地表破裂带的南段。应用全站仪和GPS对地表破裂带的垂直位错量、水平位错量、构造缩短率进行精确测量,结果显示,沿彭县-灌县断裂,白鹿镇地表破裂的垂直位错量和水平位错量都是最大的,其中最大垂直位错量位于白鹿老街,为(2.7±0.2) m,最大水平位错量位于白鹿河堤岸,为(0.7±0.2) m。究其原因,可能是沿彭县-灌县断裂,白鹿地区煤层含量最为丰富,煤层厚度最大,因而该地区软弱岩层的屈服强度相对最低,从而导致该地区断层两侧岩体的滑动量最大。另外,通过白鹿中学附近垂直于断层走向的探槽,甄别出两条呈叠瓦状排列的分支断层,该探槽所揭示的地表破裂面倾角度数及倾角随深度的变化趋势与通过震源机制解推断的结论一致。     

Influence of MnS particles on the behaviors of grain boundary migration in Fe-3%Si alloys

The precipitation behaviors of MnS particles at 900℃ in a hot deformed Fe-3%Si alloy were observed statistically. The ratio of MnS particles on dislocations and in grain boundaries was calculated based on a model concerning the second phase precipitation in supersaturated solid solution. It was indicated that the precipitation of MnS particles on dislocations prevailed. The coarsening process of MnS particles in grain boundaries determined the boundary mobility during the secondary recrystallization. However, the density difference of precipitated MnS particles inside the grains on both sides of a boundary will determine the migration direction of the boundary as well, besides the grain size effect. It was observed that the densities of MnS particles in two neighboring grains were commonly different, and the boundary tended to move towards the area with lower particle density. The factors, e.g. dislocation densities in differently oriented grains will affect the density of precipitated particles, in which the Goss grains with higher particle density could grow more easily.     

位错发射与纳米裂纹形核的TEM实验观察

本文进行了1Cr18Ni9Ti（奥氏体321型不锈钢）的TEM原位拉伸实验,再次观察到了位错从裂纹尖端的发射、无位错区形成、纳米裂纹形核及位错塞积等物理现象。其中无位错区更是形状清楚,和理论计算结果吻合,无位错区中的纳米裂纹形核与长大验证了微孔聚合的裂纹扩展机理。     

溶液法制备CdZnTe晶体中Te夹杂相分析

利用红外(infrared, IR)显微镜、腐蚀坑形貌及傅里叶红外(Fourier transform infrared, FTIR)光谱仪观察研究溶液法制备CdZnTe晶体中的Te夹杂相. 讨论CdZnTe晶锭中Te夹杂相的分布和原因, 及其对晶体中位错密度(etch pit density, EPD) 和红外透过率的影响. 实验结果表明: 沿生长轴方向, Te 夹杂相密度增大, 相应的位错密度也增大; 红外透过率随Te 夹杂相密度的增大而减小, 生长末端晶体的透过率低至45%.     

脆性断裂非平衡统计理论(Ⅰ)

本文和下文试图用非平衡统计的概念和方法建立微观机理和宏观特性相结合的脆性断裂理论。 本文给出了微裂纹的演化方程,讨论了微裂纹长大的位错机理,求得了长大的动力学方程和长大速率,探索了断裂韧性的微观物理基础和表达式,解得了微裂纹分布函数。