Genetic determinants of individual differences in avoidance learning: Behavioral and endocrine characteristics

Bidirectional genetic selection for good and poor active avoidance learning in a shuttle box has been carried out in three independent laboratories using remarkably similar discrete-trial training procedures. The resulting strains are known as the Roman High and Low Avoidance (RHA and RLA), the Syracuse High and Low Avoidance (SHA and SLA) and the Australian High and Low Avoidance (AHA and ALA) strains, respectively. An additional unidirectionally selected strain, known as the Tokai High Avoider (THA) strain was developed in Japan using a free-operant Sidman avoidance procedure in a Skinner box. This paper reviews the selection of the Syracuse strains, enumerates the various behavioral and endocrine characteristics of the strains, and compares them to the other similarly selected strains. The behavioral work suggests that genetic selection from diverse breeding stocks has resulted in common characteristics that differentiate the strains in the emotional, not learning, domain. The endocrine data, however, are somewhat at odds. The Syracuse strains differentiate one way with respect to endocrine function, and the Roman strains differentiate in the opposite way. We suggest, therefore, that the endocrine correlates are not tightly linked to the avoidance genotype. Genetic analysis of all of the selected strains for both the avoidance phenotype and the endocrine correlates will be needed to test this hypothesis.Preparation of this paper was supported by research grant MH-39230-3 from the National Institute of Mental Health.     

Feature Extraction of Localized Scattering Centers Using the Modified TLS-Prony Algorithm and Its Applications

Feature Extraction of Localized Scattering Centers Using the Modified TLS-Prony Algorithm and Its Applications~~~~     

高速气流纺杯芯轴振型与轴承受力的计算

本文在高速气流纺杯轴承系统临界速度计算的基础上,通过在刚性支承与弹性支承状态下,芯轴振型与轴承受力的计算、分析、对比,从理论上对弹性支承减震器的作用实质作进一步的探讨。计算结果显示减震器改变了芯轴振型,改善了其疲劳磨损,大大降低了轴承受力的动态峰值,因而对改善轴承的润滑条件、减小摩擦磨损、降低功率消耗、提高轴承使用寿命有重要意义。     

高语境文化与低语境文化中的交际差异比较

语境,简言之就是语言赖以存在、被人们实际所使用的环境。美国人类学家霍尔（Hall）把语境分为高语境与低语境,并用高语境和低语境的不同来分析文化的多样性。在高语境文化与低语境文化中,语境和语言（编码信息）在意义传递上所起的作用是不相同的。高语境文化与低语境文化中的交际存在着明显的差异。     

高压脉冲电场对毛发染色效果的影响

为了研究高压脉冲电场对毛发染色效果的影响,试验以18～28岁年龄段人群的黑色头发和染发剂为试材,以染发后毛发的RGB(red green blue)模型提取值作为响应值,并采用等响应面试验法设计试验,以构建和分析高压脉冲电场的电场强度、脉冲宽度以及脉冲个数对毛发染色效果影响的数学模型和机理。试验结果表明：高压脉冲电场同时处理头发和染发剂后最高可提升RGB参数中的蓝色通道值B为3.7%,对应的最优化工艺化参数为：电场强度1 125V/mm、脉冲宽度175μs、脉冲个数52个。因此,高压脉冲电场对头发和染发剂进行处理后再进行染色可改善着色效果,并为毛发染色工艺优化奠定一定基础。     

高铁混合垢化学清洗技术

作者研制了高铁混合垢的化学清洗配方及工艺,经生产应用收到了良好效果,除垢率及缓蚀率均超过劳动部标准和水利电力部标准.     

一种用于高压测试的电阻分压器研究

为有效监测电容储能脉冲功率源装置中晶闸管从触发到导通时间内两端的电压变化情况,设计出一种分压器+数字存储示波器电压采集方案。建立电阻型分压器的集中参数模型。从理论上分析杂散电感、对地杂散电容、纵向电容等分布参数对低压输出波形幅值、响应时间、相位误差的影响。并通过软件仿真分析。根据分析结果提出设计分压器的相关参数,采用玻璃釉膜电阻制作分压器。经过实验验证,该分压器方案能实时、准确地监测电容储能脉冲功率源中晶闸管两端的阶跃高压信号。     

Bi系高温氧化物超导体

介绍了近年来在研究Ｂｉ系高温氧化物超导体的微观结构、探索其高温超导相的形成机理所获得的主要结论,并介绍了在提高Ｂｉ系高温超导体的零电阻温度Ｔｃ和高Ｔｃ相含量以及Ｂｉ系超导材料的实用化方面所取得的重要进展     

异步轧机轧辊稳定性的探讨

本文通过对异步轧制特点的分析,求出中性角及力能参数间的关系,从而导出了不同工作制度下的异步轧机工作辊偏移值的计算公式。本文结论将对改造现有轧机和设计新轧机提供理论依据。     

城市高压电网在线综合无功优化模型的建立与实现

以在线负荷预测为依据,进行当前时刻以后24h内的并联电容器组和变压器分接头状态确定。优化目标为时段内的综合费用最小,计及了控制设备的调节代价;根据城市电网的实际特点,对电容器组和分接头分层处理;优化过程分静态优化和综合优化两个阶段进行,静态优化时由无功灵敏度值排序并确定电容器组投切状态,综合优化时对并联电容器组和变压器分接头进行24h状态协调。此方法计算速度快,可满足在线应用的要求,保证所得方案的可靠性和实用性。此方法正用于所开发的“城市高压电网智能决策支持系统”中, 投入实际电网试运行,并取得了较好效果。