Calcium pretreatment increases thermotolerance of Laminaria japonica sporophytes

Calcium is a secondary messenger in plant signaling,and its concentration changes spatially and temporally during the course of heat stress.In the present study,potassium antimonate was used to visualize calcium localization in blades of a marine macroalga,the juvenile Laminariajaponica sporophytes under heat stress (25 ℃).Result showed that loosely bound calcium was mainly distributed on the cell wall under normal conditions (10 ℃),and flowed into the cytoplasm when exposed to heat.The simutaneous assay on the antioxidant system changes was performed.Oxidative damage,as measured by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) malondialdehyde (MDA) content,increased significantly during heat stress,and calcium pretreatment alleviated oxidative damage.The assay on the activities of six antioxidant enzymes demonstrated that their enzymatic activities were inhibited when exposed to heat stress,but Ca2+ pretreatment effectively attenuated the inhibition.Results in the present study inferred that calcium homeostasis plays an essential role in L.japonica sporophyte when exposed to heat,and calcium pretreatment could improve its thermo-tolerance.     

新型塑料模具钢的热处理特点和工艺参数选择

概述了我国近年来塑料模具材料研制与应用的进展,并对我国塑料模具材料今后的发展提出了一些建议.详细介绍了40CrMnMo7和40CrMnNiMo8.6.4 2种新型塑料模具钢调质热处理工艺的特性,讨论了不同尺寸塑料模具的选材及调质工艺参数选择等问题.     

工程陶瓷高效深磨温度场的有限元仿真

在磨削温度实验的基础上, 运用有限元法对工程陶瓷氧化铝及部分稳定氧化锆进行了高效深磨磨削温度场的仿真研究.基于磨削温度的实验和传热学理论,得出了工程陶瓷工件的磨削热分配比;得出了干磨及湿磨两种状态下工程陶瓷磨削温度场的分布; 并分析了磨削温度梯度对工程陶瓷热裂纹的影响.结果表明: 随着砂轮线速度增加, 磨削温度场温度梯度增大; 而随着磨削深度增大,不同材料的磨削温度梯度变化不同,且磨削温度梯度与磨削热裂纹的产生有一定的对应关系.     

Influence of heat exchanger structure on hydrogen absorption-desorption performance of hydrogen storage vessel

The influence of heat exchanger structure on hydrogen absorption-desorption performance of hydrogen storage vessel was studied, in which the AB₅ (La_0.25Ce_0.75Ni_4.4Al_0.1Mn_0.1Co_0.4) hydrogen storage alloy was used as a typical representative. In order to obtain the data on reaction enthalpy, the PCT curve of the alloy was measured with three different temperatures, and the linear fitting was carried out according to the Van't Hoff relation curve. The SMCR (Spiral-mini-channel Reactor) reactor structure was adopted. The heat transfer method and its simplified model were studied by finite element method to explore the effect of size of heat transfer structure, particularly for heat pipe diameter, on the hydrogen absorption-desorption performance of hydrogen storage alloy in the vessel.     

Influence of parameters on the microstructure of a duplex stainless steel joint welded by a GMAW welding process

Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are widely used in industry for their desirable properties. Any fusion welding technique modifies the microstructure and, consequently, the properties of the material. This paper presents a parametric study of the variables that determine the energy contribution (current, voltage and welding speed) and the structural modifications produced during gas metal arc welding. The analysis comprises metallographic study, phase balance, dimensioning of the weld beads and tensile and hardness tests. The influence of the variables studied on the thermal cycles obtained (temperatures reached and cooling rate) was determined by using a finite element model. The results showed that, in addition to the indicated parameters, the parameter power transfer per volume (W/m³) and the geometry in the bead must be controlled due to their influence on the heat flow distribution and phase balance.     

制冷剂在水平蒸发管内换热关系式的分析比较

本文对目前11个可用于制冷剂在水平蒸发管内换热计算的关系式进行了系统分析,并将这些关系式与作者及其他研究者的实验数据进行了比较:其次。将作者的实验结果与几个典型的换热关系式进行了详细对比,结果表明.Kandlikar(1990)的关系式不仅计算精度较高,而且物理概念清晰、通用性较强、计算简单,可供工程实际应用.