青藏高原若尔盖盆地草地沙化成因分析及治理对策

根据野外调查与遥感解译,结合前人研究资料,论述了若尔盖盆地沙化草地分布特征,探讨了草地沙化日趋严重的原因,提出了对青藏高原生态研究、长江、黄河上游沙漠化的防治均具有重要意义的治理对策.     

The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H_2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir,China

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribution prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.     

阜新盆地王营-刘家煤层气藏成藏机理

王营-刘家煤层气藏是阜新盆地最具开发前景的两个煤层气藏.从成藏条件(包括煤层空间展布、资源丰度、储层特征、封闭条件)和成藏过程(煤层气的形成和地下水动力学特征)两个方面对其成藏机理进行了系统探讨.提出:(1)王营-刘家煤层气藏主要以多煤层、巨厚煤层为特征.煤层气含量在6～10 m3/t左右,资源丰度巨大;(2)这两个煤层气藏形成于古近纪,新近纪至今为调整改造阶段,二者的边界为平安F2断层;(3)早白垩世末期主煤层就已经成熟并开始生烃(R0=0.5%～0.8%).次生热成因、次生生物成因气并存.喜山期的岩浆活动造成煤的接触变质并发生二次生烃,但影响有限;(4)该煤层气藏形成后的调整与改造都利于煤的储气能力增加;(5)岩墙的存在沟通了所有含水层和煤层,从而造成多煤层统一成藏.图5,参12.     

柴达木盆地西部第三系烃源岩生烃动力学研究

对柴达木盆地西部第三系烃源岩进行了生烃动力学模拟实验,使用氯仿对产物抽提,结果表明抽提物的生成量不符合经典的生烃动力学规律,无法采用动力学方程模型进行分析,这可能是由于模拟实验中产生了有机酸盐的缘故.柴西烃源岩模拟实验中抽提物的生成可以概括为有机母质一有机酸盐一抽提物和有机母质一抽提物两条途径.     

子洲地区山西组及盒8段有利砂体成因探讨

目的为了查明鄂尔多斯盆地东部子洲地区山西组及盒8段有利砂体的特征及成因,进而寻找有利砂体及高产天然气聚集区。方法采用野外观察与室内研究相结合的方法。结果大量的砂岩样品统计显示,山西组砂岩类型以岩屑砂岩、石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑石英砂岩,盒8段砂岩主要为岩屑砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩;不同类型的砂岩物性不同,石英砂岩物性最好,其次是岩屑石英砂岩,岩屑砂岩物性最差;沉积相分析认为,子洲地区山西组主要为三角洲前缘,盒8段发育辫状河三角洲前缘,探明了重点气层组山23及盒82沉积微相的平面展布。结论有利的天然气储集体主要形成于水下分流河道微相,由于山西组和盒8段形成时古地理条件的不同,其砂体类型及储集性能也有一定的差异。     

岩心磁组构分析古水流方向的原理与应用

目的针对鄂尔多斯盆地天环拗陷南段延长组开展磁组构古水流研究。方法通过测量岩心样品的磁化率各向异性,分析磁组构特征,结合矿物岩石学特征综合开展岩心古水流方向判识。结果延长组碎屑岩的古水流方向为NE—SW,NW—SE和NS向,分别代表西南、西北和北部3个方向的物质供给。结论磁组构分析古水流方向与轻重矿物组合法判断的物源方向一致,表明应用磁组构分析钻井岩心古水流方向的方法是可行、可靠的,利用磁组构分析方法恢复古水流方向,判识物源具有较好的应用前景。     

From deep basin gas to diagenetic trap—An example from the Yulin Gas Field in the Ordos Basin

In the updip portion of the Yulin Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, there are no any structural, stratigraphic and sedimentary lithologic seals. Using thin-section petrography, ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy, micro-thermometry and Raman microspectrometry, this paper finds out the diagenetic trap and studies the diagenetic history of this field. It was revealed that three phases of diagenesis and hydrocarbon charging happened in late Triassic, late Jurassic and the end of early Cretaceous respectively. In the first two phases, acid geofluid entered the reservoir and caused dissolution and cementation. Although the porosities had been increased, further compaction accompanying re-subsidence resulted in tight sandstone and conglomerates. Till the end of the early Cretaceous, bulk of gas migrated into the tight reservoir. Cementation, however, kept on in the updip portion of this field due to low gas saturation and formed the diagenetic trap. The mechanism for gas accumulation was changed from deep basin gas to diagenetic trap, which offers a sealing condition that can retain gas for much longer time.     

三塘湖盆地中、上三叠统划分及分布

目的明确三塘湖盆地中、上三叠统小泉沟群在盆地内部各凹陷的分布及地层划分和时代归属等问题。方法依据新获得的较为丰富的动、植物及孢粉化石资料,综合归纳前人研究成果进行充分讨论及对比。结果中、晚三叠世,马朗—方方梁—苇北地区呈隆起状态,遭受风化剥蚀,故马朗凹陷缺失中、上三叠统,盆地西北部的汉水泉凹陷、条湖凹陷和东南部的淖毛湖凹陷为湖泊,接受了中、上三叠统沉积。结论三塘湖盆地由于受晚海西构造运动的影响,致使盆地整体抬升并褶皱,未接受上二叠统和下三叠统沉积。     

松辽盆地北部徐家围子地区深层火山岩储层地震、录井、测井综合解释技术研究

本文以徐家围子地区深层火山岩气层为具体研究对象,通过地震、录井、测井资料与岩心分析资料的对比研究搞清火山岩的岩石类型、裂缝发育程度,对火山岩储层参数进行评价.通过对火山岩储层的系统研究,初步建立火山岩的评价方法,建立火山岩的测井、地震等解释模型.