Simulation experiments on secondary thermal stress of biodegraded bituminous sandstones

Secondary variation of reservoir is a hot problem in petroleum geochemistry field. Several kinds of secondary variations have taken place after the formation of bituminous sandstones in the Tarim Basin including biodegra-dation, washing, dissipation and secondary thermal stress. Biodegraded bituminous sandstones were used in the experiment. Pyrolysis experiment has been performed in a closed system, simulating secondary thermal stress with continual burial of Silurian bituminous sandstones which may cause the changes in molecular compositions, carbon isotope and physical properties of bituminous sandstones. The results are as follows: (i) Gases are mainly product during the experiment and carbon isotope of gas is lighter. (ii) Yield of C6+ hydrocarbon is relative smaller, and yielded oil is mainly light oil. (iii) Chromatogram character of biodegraded oil-sand is similar to that of saturated hydrocarbon in extracts from present-day bituminous sandstones, (iv) Porosity of bituminous sandstones gradually increases with increasing temperature. Fluorescence color of bituminous sandstones gradually become darker. Reflected light color of bitumen in bituminous sandstones becomes darker with increasing temperature and reflectivity of bitumen increases with increase in temperature. It is speculated that secondary thermal stress has great effect on molecular composition and structure of bituminous sandstones.     

岩石在磨料射流作用下破坏机理

描述了岩石材料在磨料射流的冲击下破坏的主要原因，分析了应力波就是岩石局部受到拉伸和剪切井最终使岩石发生破坏的根本因素，在这一假设的前提下采用波动理论建立了岩石受应力波作用的力学模型即射流波动的基本方程，在已知的边界条件下推导出了由波动引起的最大正应力的计算公式。通过该公式对具体实例进行了理论计算，并把该计算结果与在河南油田所进行的地面磨料射流割缝的现场实验结果进行了比较，证明两种结果吻合的较好．说明这种理论分析方法是可行的。     

盐胁迫对鸢尾叶片生理指标的影响

用质量分数分别为0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%的NaCl营养液对德国鸢尾8#(Iris germanica‘white andblue’)和蓝蝴蝶(I.tectorum)植株进行根际盐胁迫,处理时间为4 d和8 d。结果表明:两种鸢尾受盐胁迫后,随着NaCl浓度提高和胁迫时间延长,叶片的质膜相对透性增大,而蓝蝴蝶的膜透性增大程度比德国鸢尾更为明显。MDA含量也是蓝蝴蝶高于德国鸢尾8#。说明了在盐胁迫下德国鸢尾8#叶片质膜受损伤的程度较轻。德国鸢尾8#叶内保护酶SOD活性及渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量都显著高于蓝蝴蝶。研究证实了德国鸢尾8#比蓝蝴蝶具有相对较强的抗盐能力,其较小的质膜透性和MDA含量,较高的SOD活性和脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量是鸢尾属5个重要的抗盐生理指标。     

干旱胁迫下开花期玉米消减文库的构建及分析

分别以1d干旱和7d干旱处理的开花期玉米顶叶cDNA为tester,正常生长的玉米顸叶cDNA为driver,利用抑制性差减杂交技术构建了两个干旱胁迫下开花期玉米消减文库．两个文库的重组率均高于95％,插入片段集中在300—600bp之间．对两个文库部分克隆进行测序发现,文库中含有脱水素、蔗糖合成酶、甜菜碱醛脱氢酶。DRE结合因子等大量的抗旱相关基因,说明两个干旱胁迫下开花期玉米抑制性消减文库已经构建成功。且具有重要意义．     

NaCl对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)生长与渗透调节的影响

对与拟南芥耐盐性相关的某些生理指标进行了研究。结果发现,随着盐浓度的增加,拟南芥的质膜透性增加,MDA含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、有机酸含量、游离氨基酸含量、根冠比、钠离子含量均增加,而渗透势、钾离子含量、干鲜重、含水量则下降。这表明,随着盐胁迫的加重,一方面拟南芥受到的伤害加重,另一方面植株通过合成脯氨酸、可溶性糖等渗透调节物质,增大根冠比以提高吸水能力等抗逆机制,以应对胁迫,提高耐盐性。     

正交异性双材料裂纹尖端应力强度因子振荡性分析

在正交异性双材料界面裂纹的理论解的基础上,进一步探讨分析了正交异性双材料界面裂纹尖端应力强度因子的振荡奇异性;并通过实例讨论了双材料弹性常数对应力强度因子奇异性的影响.这个结论对今后相关课题的研究提供了新思路,具有较好的参考价值.     

等离子渗氮及PVD处理后钢的剪切应力和磨损实验分析

等离子渗氮及PVD（Physical Vapor Deposit）处理技术，就是等离子渗氮及物理气相沉积技术。实验数据表明，对试件进行不同的表面处理并进行实验所绘出的最大剪切应力及磨损曲线是不同的。经等离子渗氮及PVD处理的钢的最大剪切应力及耐磨性能取决于渗氮时间。     

含Nb微合金钢动态再结晶行为

用Gleeble-2000热模拟实验机对实验钢进行高温单道次压缩实验,研究了实验钢动态再结晶行为.实验结果表明:实验钢动态再结晶激活能为304.711 kJ/mol;在较高温度和低应变速率条件下实验钢易于发生动态再结晶,随着lnZ的减小,实验钢应力-应变曲线由动态回复型变为动态再结晶型;当lnZ<22.61时,曲线上出现多个峰值,呈间断式动态再结晶型;峰值应力、峰值应变和临界应变与lnZ呈线性关系;动态再结晶开始时间随着应变速率的增大和温度的升高而缩短.     

Effects of Ru on microstructure stability and mechanical properties of Ni_3Al single crystal alloy

The effect of Ru on microstructure stability and stress rupture properties of a Ni_3Al single-crystal alloy was investigated. The experimental results showed that the addition of 2%Ru(mass fraction) improved the microstructure stability due to the restraint of harmful Y-NiMo phase formation during the thermal exposure at the high temperature above 1 000℃.And the reason may be that the addition of Ru increased the degree of Mo supersaturation in bothγandγ' phases,and hence suppressed the precipitation of ...     

拟南芥LRR-RLK亚家族基因At1 g09970突变体鉴定及表型观察

LRR-RLK是植物类受体蛋白激酶家族(RLK)中最大的亚家族.该亚家族基因在调控植物体生长发育和抗逆性方面发挥重要作用.At1g09970是LRR-RLK亚家族成员.通过PCR和RT-PCR在DNA和RNA水平上筛选鉴定At1g09970对应的T-DNA插入失活的突变体.对萌发和萌发后阶段进行突变体的表型分析结果表明,At1g09970突变体在萌发后对NaCl敏感,暗示该基因与植物的抗盐胁迫有关.