Ca^2＋ is involved in muscarine-acetylcholine-receptor-mediated acetylcholine signal transduction in guard cells of Vicia faba L.

Acetyicholine (ACh) is an important neuro-chemical transmitter in animals; it also exists in plants and plays a significant role in various kinds of physiological functions in plants. ACh has been known to induce the stomatal opening. By monitoring the changes of cytusolic Ca^2 with fluorescent probe Fiuo-3 AM under the confocal microscopy, we found that exogenous ACh increased cytosolic Ca^2 concentration of guard cells of Vicia faba L. Muscarlne, an agonist of muscarine acetyicholine receptor (mAChR), could do so as well. In contrast, atropine, the antagonist of mAChR abolished the ability of ACh to increase Ca^2 in guard cells. This mechanism is similar to mAChR in animals. When EGTA was used to chelate Ca^2 or ruthenium red to block Ca^2 released from vacuole respectively, the results showed that the increased cytosolic Ca^2 mainly come from intracellular Ca^2 store. The evidence supports that Ca^2 is involved in guard-cell response to ACh and that Ca^2 sigual is coupled to mAChRs in ACh signal transduction in guard cells.     

Genetic analysis and mapping of rice （Oryza sativa L.） male-sterile （OsMS-L） mutant

A rice male-sterile mutant OsMS-L of japonica cultivar 9522 background, was obtained in M4 population treated with ^60Co γ-Ray. Genetic analysis indicated that the male.sterile phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. Results of tissue section showed that at microspore stage, OsMS-L tapetum was retarded. Then tapetal calls expanded and microspores degenerated. No matured pollens were observed in OsMS-L anther locus. To map OsMS-L locus, an F2 population was constructed from the cross between the OsMS-L (japonica) and LongTeFu B(indica). Firstly, the OsMS-L locus was roughly mapped between two SSR markers, RM109 and RM7562 on chromosome 2. And then eleven polymorphic markers were developed for further fine fine-mapping. At last the OsMS-L locus was mapped between the two lnDel markers, Lhsl0 and Lhs6 with genetic distance of 0.4 cM, respectively. The region was delimited to 133 kb. All these results were useful for further cloning and functional analysis of OsMS-L.     

Nitric oxide involved in signal transduction of Jasmonic acid-induced stomatal closure of Vicia faba L.

Nitric oxide (NO) and Jasmonic acid (JA) are two key signaling molecules involved in many and diverse biological pathways in plants. Growing evidence suggested that NO signaling interacts with JA signaling. In this work, Our experiment showed that NO exists in guard cell of Vicia faba L., and NO is involved in signal transduction of JAinduced stomata closuring: ( i ) JA enhances NO synthesis in guard cell; ( ii ) both JA and NO induced stomatal closure, and had dose response to their effects; ( iU ) there are synergetic correlation between JA and lower NO concentration in regulation of stomatal movement; (iV) JA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger. An inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS) in mammalian cells, N^G-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME) also inhibits plant NOS, repressing JA-induced NO generation and JA-induced stomatal closure. We presumed that NO mainly comes from NOS after JA treatment.     

干旱条件下两种山黧豆气孔特性及种子ODAP,粗蛋白和淀粉积累的研究

对干旱条件下永寿山黧豆(YS)和定西山黧豆(DX)的气孔特性、光合特性和种子物质的积累进行了研究。结果表明，干旱使两种山黧豆气孔密度(SD)显著升高，同时显著减小气孔开度(SA)，SA在30％以上的气孔所占的比例显著减小，而气孔阻力(r)却显著增加；干旱条件下，两种山黧豆的光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(E)均较正常水分条件下的小，而叶片水平水分利用效率(WUE)却显著上升；干旱使两种山黧豆种子千粒重降低，而种子ODAP，粗蛋白和淀粉含量均有一定程度增加，相比之下，干旱更严重地影响了YS的SD，SA，r，Pn，E以及种子ODAP含量，而更显著地提高DX的WUE和种子粗蛋白、淀粉含量。分析认为，干旱通过影响气孔密度和开度而影响光合速率蒸腾速率和水分利用效率；干旱也增加了气孔阻力，而气孔阻力的增加大幅度地减小了蒸腾速率；光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率的变化最终影响种子千粒重以及种子ODAP，粗蛋白和淀粉等物质的积累；DX可能较耐旱，水分亏缺对YS的影响较DX大。     

小菜蛾对毒死蜱的抗性与饲养温度关系的研究(Ⅰ.不同饲养温度下的小菜蛾对毒死蜱敏感性的变化)

不同饲养温度下的小菜蛾 3龄幼虫对毒死蜱的敏感性发生了变化。在 10 - 30℃范围内 ,低温饲养的小菜蛾比高温饲养的小菜蛾更为敏感。但是变温条件下饲养的小菜蛾 3龄幼虫经 5℃处理温度后 ,对毒死蜱的敏感性减弱 ,甚至较 35℃恒温下饲养的小菜蛾的敏感性更低。     

香石竹(康乃馨)红花色素稳定性研究

对香石竹(DianthuscaryophyllusL.)红花色素的性能作了测试与分析,研究了其稳定性.结果表明,pH值对香石竹红花色素的影响明显,在酸性条件下该色素较稳定.金属离子Ca2 、Cu2 对色素有增色作用.色素耐光性良好,耐热性较差,只能在50℃以下受热.H2O2、Na2SO3、苯甲酸钠对其有严重的破坏作用,食品中常有的NaCl、蔗糖对其也有一定影响:低浓度(<1%)有增色作用,高浓度(>1%)则有明显的降解作用.     

马齿苋中黄酮类化合物含量的测定

对不同月份所采集的中草药马齿苋中的黄酮类化合物进行了提取、分离，以芦丁为对照品，用紫外分光光度计对其含量进行了测定。为马齿苋中黄酮类化合物的提取和生产提供了一定的理论依据。     

《周易》中"在+L"、"于+L"、"自+L"结构功能考察

周易》中"在 L"、"于 L"、"自 L"格式,都表示主语动作行为的处所,是处所功能的承担者.文章对三种格式进行了考察分析,认为"在"虚化较"于"、"自"为迟,虚化后与"于"有共时重叠使用的时期;"在"、"于"、"自"都不能脱离处所词而存在,是名词性非宾语的标记.     

叶面施硼对蚕豆生物效应的影响

用不同浓度的硼酸溶液在蚕豆不同生长期进行叶面喷施.结果表明,在蚕豆生长的幼苗期、现蕾期和开花期叶面喷施0.1%-0.2%的硼酸溶液能促进蚕豆的生长和产量的增加.可能施硼后导致蚕豆叶片的SOD活性和CAT活性的增强,同时降低了O2-生成速率和MDA含量.     

民族药鬼针草的生药学鉴定

采用原植物、性状、显微、薄层鉴别方法对民族药鬼针草进行系统的生药学鉴定,为其鉴别及应用提供科学依据.结果表明:通过原植物、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、薄层色谱鉴别能够很好地鉴定该药材.