GFAAS中金的基体改进效应研究

本文研究表明,以银作基体改进剂可使金的灰化温度、原子化出现温度、原子化峰值温度分別提高到1050℃、1390℃、和1620℃.银对金的基体改进机理是形成了银—金固熔体.     

火试金富集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量铂、钯、金

样品中铂、钯和金经火试金法富集后,所得贵金属合粒用硝酸（1＋1）和盐酸溶解,直接在电感耦合等离子体质谱仪上测定试样中微量铂、钯和金的含量.对火试金法的试验条件进行了优化,方法用于分析国家标准物质,测定结果准确度和精密度均能满足要求.     

Synthesis of Au–Ag alloy nanoparticles supported on silica gel via galvanic replacement reaction

Synthesis of supported Au-Ag bimetallic has attracted much attention since we found for the first time that Au and Ag had synergistic effect on CO oxidation and preferential CO oxidation in rich hydrogen.In this work,the formation of Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles supported on silica gel by galvanic replacement reaction has been investigated.We applied various characterizations including X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electronic microscopy(TEM),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-vis),X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS) to characterize the formation process of Au-Ag alloy.Although the average particle sizes of the Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles obtained by the galvanic replacement reaction are relatively large comparing with that of loading Au first,the catalytic activity of the catalyst in preferential CO oxidation is almost the same.This result manifested that the particle size effect of Au-Ag nanoparticles was not as tremendous as that of monometallic gold.The formation of Au-Ag alloy made it less sensitive to the particle size.     

Minimizing the effect of near-distance dielectric sensitivity on retrieving average aspect ratio of gold nanorod by optical extinction spectroscopy: in the case of CTAB adsorption

The aspect ratio （AR） is one of the most intriguing parameters of gold nanorods （GNRs）, which plays an important role in determining localized surface plasmon （LSPR） properties. Instead of conventional imaging techniques, the optical extinction spectroscopy （OES） method has been developed for allowing fast sta-tistically measuring the average AR under static approxi- mation. In this work, combining with the previous achievements in spectroscopic technique, we further ana-lyze the effects of gold dielectric function and near dis-tance dielectric sensitivity. The former may reflect possible dielectric loss of real Au samples from ideal single crys- talline. The latter reflects the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） adsorption on the surface of GNR indu- ces different LSPR shifts below and above critical micelle concentration （CMC）. However, their effect on the deter-mination of AR has not been evaluated in OES method. The average AR measurements as a function of absorbance of CTAB-GNRs and LSPR maximum below the CMC were studied. Our results indicate that after considering these factors, the mean ARs obtained from spectroscopic techniques are closer to those obtained from imaging techniques.     

A simple spectroscopic method for the quantification of gold nanoparticle number concentration in water and fetal bovine serum solutions

In this work,we developed a facile and low-cost method with sufficient sensitivity for the quantitative determination of gold nanoparticles(GNPs)number concentration in water and fetal bovine serum solutions.The Au(III)digested from GNPs was reduced to Au(I)presumably by the thiol group of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole,then the Au(I)–thiolate complex was formed,the concentration of which is determined by absorbance at 300 nm.The number concentration of GNPs can be converted using microscopic images and simple calculations.The interference of serum can be avoided in this method.The limit of detection(LOD)of GNPs was calculated as 2.1 910-12mol/L in water solution and 1.3 9 10-11mol/L in fetal bovine serum(FBS)solution.This method provides a simple and fast way to determine the concentration of GNPs,which can be in carried out in the routine laboratory practice.     

Aun+1-1、AunCr-1 (n=1~10)团簇结构、稳定性与电子构型研究

采用密度泛函理论对阴离子团簇Au_(n+1)~(-1)、Au_nCr~(-1)(n=1～10)的基态结构、稳定性、电子构型与磁性做了系统研究。结果表明:Au_(n+1)~(-1)均为平面构型,Au_nCr~(-1)(n=1～6)为平面结构,Au_nCr~(-1)(n=7～10)为体结构;Au_(n+1)~(-1)替代掺杂Cr原子提高团簇的稳定性;离解能与二阶差分能结果表明偶数的Au_(n+1)~(-1)、Au_nCr~(-1)稳定性比相邻奇数团簇高;轨道的有效电荷分布结果说明Cr原子的掺入使得Au原子内部spd杂化变得更复杂,Au_nCr~(-1)中Cr原子成为价电荷的主要接受者;轨道磁矩分布结果则表明Au_(n+1)~(-1)电子结构随尺寸增长表现为明显的开闭壳层结构,Au_nCr~(-1)的电子结构均为开壳层,Au_(n+1)~(-1)的磁矩主要由Au 5d轨道贡献,而Au_nCr~(-1)的磁矩则主要由Cr 3d轨道贡献。     

理论模拟氧化锌纳米棒的表面复合速率

表面复合是严重影响纳米结构半导体发光性质及器件性能的重要因素之一.氧化锌(ZnO)因其具有优异的光电性质和物化稳定性在太阳能电池和发光二极管等光电器件领域展现出巨大的应用前景.本文利用MATLAB程序求解扩散方程,对化学水浴沉积法合成的ZnO纳米棒的表面复合速率进行理论模拟计算.与实验结果相结合,揭示表面复合对ZnO纳米棒发光性质的影响.     

EQCM研究表面活性剂对金电极电化学行为的影响

利用电化学石英微天平（ＥＱＣＭ）,研究了表面活性剂在金电极上的吸附及其对金电极氧化还原过程的影响⒚结果表明：不同的表面活性剂在金电极上吸附能力不同,对金的氧化还原过程产生不同的影响⒚十八烷基三甲基溴化铵易在金电极表面吸附,更易在氧化态金表面吸附,阻碍了金的氧化还原⒚相比之下,十二烷基磺酸钠在金电极上吸附能力较弱,在氧化态金形成后还有些脱落,对金电极的氧化还原影响不大⒚ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ１００介于以上两种表面活性剂之间⒚还对金电极在磷酸缓冲液中的氧化还原机理作了初步探讨