《须溪词》遗民心态的变异及溯源

研究刘辰翁及其《须溪词》者众多,然而就刘辰翁志节言,一致认为是位出色的爱国者,对前朝的忠贞始终不渝,直到终老。其实检阅《须溪词》,刘辰翁的遗民心态也非全如此。刘辰翁《须溪词》的遗民思想、隐逸心态也是发展变化的。特别是他后期的某些心态相对全词的主体遗民思想而言,确实又带有变异的色彩。虽然这种现象比较微妙,不容易查考,也不能遮掩词人的总体精神风貌,但无疑也是当时词人的实际情感思想的表现,客观上为我们比较全面真实地研究刘辰翁《须溪词》的遗民心态提供了新的探测点,而这却正是历来评家所忽视的。     

Pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: the roles of parasite adhesion and antigenic variation

Malaria results in up to 2.5 million deaths annually, with young children and pregnant women at greatest risk. The great majority of severe disease is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. A characteristic feature of infection with P. falciparum is the accumulation or sequestration of parasite-infected red blood cells (RBCs) in various organs, such as the brain, lung and placenta, and together with other factors is important in the pathogenesis of severe forms of malaria. Sequestration results from adhesive interactions between parasite-derived proteins expressed on the surface of infected RBCs and a number of host molecules on the surface of endothelial cells, placental cells and uninfected RBCs. Some receptors for parasite adhesion have been implicated in particular malaria syndromes, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in cerebral malaria and chondroitin sulfate A and hyaluronic acid in placental infection. The principal parasite ligand and antigen on the RBC surface, P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 encoded by a multigene family termed var, is clonally variant, enabling evasion of specific immune responses. An understanding of these host-parasite interactions in the context of clinical disease and immunity may reveal potential targets to prevent or treat severe forms of malaria. Received 25 June 2001; received after revision 22 August 2001; accepted 24 August 2001     

位移连续变更与极限状态函数的连续生成

基于我国《建筑结构设计统一标准》的极限状态设计原则,结构物不允许出现影响正常使用的外观变形,提出了刚架结构位移连续变更方法·用数值分析与递推公式相结合的方法,实现连续变更结构的变形极限状态函数的连续生成·重分析不必重新形成结构刚度矩阵,不必反复求逆矩阵,使得识别系统主要失效模式的方法得以简化,有效地提高了计算时效,并为刚度可靠性分析提供了新方法·算例验证了方法的正确性及实用性·     

The c-myc coding DNA sequences of cyprinids （Teleostei： Cypriniformes）： Implications for phylogeny

The family Cyprinidae is one of the largest fish families in the world, which is widely distributed in East Asian, with obvious difference in characteristic size among species. The phylogeneUc analysis of cyprinid taxa based on the functionally important genes can help to understand the speciation and functional divergence of the Cyprinidae. The c-myc gene is an important gene regulating individual growth. In the present study, the sequence variations of the cyprinid c-myc gene and their phylogenetic significance were analyzed. The 41 complete sequences of the c-myc gene were obtained from cyprinids and outgroups through PCR amplification and clone. The coding DNA sequences of the c-myc gene were used to infer molecular phylogenetic relationships within the Cyprinidae. Myxocyprinus asiaticus （Catostomidae）, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus （CobiUdae） and Hemimyzon sinensis （Homalopteridae） were assigned to the outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony （MP）, maximum likelihood （ML）, and Bayesian retrieved similar topology. Within the Cyprinidae, Leuciscini and Barbini formed the monophyletic lineage respectively with high nodal supports. Leuciscini comprises Xenocyprinae, CuItrinae, East Asian species of Leuciscinae and Danioninae, Gobioninae and Acheilognathinae, and Barbini contains Schizothoracinae, Barbinae, Cyprininae and Labeoninae. Danio rerio, D. myersi and Rasbora trilineata were supposed to separate from Leuciscinae and Barbini and to form another lineage. The positions of some Danioninae species were still unresolved. Analyses of both amino acid variation with parsimony information and two high variation regions indicated that there is no correlation between variations of single amino acid or high variation regions and characteristic size of cyprinids. In addition, the species with smaller size were usually found to be basal within clades in the tree, which might be the results of the adaptation to the primitive ecology and survival pressure.     

Seasonal variation of global stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange

By Wei formula in pressure coordinate, the stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange (STME) is diagnosed globally for 44 years from 1958 to 2001 using the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis datasets. Regions of mass flux into the stratosphere are found over Indonesia, bay of Bangladesh and the mid-west coast of South Africa. Compensating mass outflow from the stratosphere appears mainly over mid-latitudes near large-scale troughs. Upward and downward transport of mass at the middle and high latitudes accompany with each other. Mass flux into troposphere is stronger in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. Strong downward mass flux into the troposphere occurs in eastern Asia the whole year with nearly stable sites. Although the area of eastern Asia accounts for only 5.6% of that of the northern hemisphere (NH), its net mass exchange reaches 15.83% of that of the NH, which means that research on STME of eastern Asia is greatly important to that of the NH and even the global areas. Air across the tropopause enters more from stratosphere to troposphere than that from troposphere to stratosphere, which is possibly related with systematic bias of the assimilated datasets and with persistent rise of the tropopause height. Contributions of the mass exchange and the mass flux exchange in the NH and southern hemisphere (SH) on their latitudes increase from equator to pole, with larger contributions in the NH. Mass exchange and mass flux exchange per areas at high latitudes are larger than that at low latitudes, which means greater mass exchange efficiency at high latitudes.     

西沙蒸发量的时间变化特征及与日照时间和近地面风速的关系

用中国西沙站1962-2004年月蒸发量、日照时间和近地面风速资料,分析了西沙各季节蒸发量的时间变化特征及其与日照时间、近地面风速变化的关系。结果表明:西沙春、夏和冬季蒸发量以年代际变化方差占优,年际变化方差次之;秋季蒸发量的年际变化方差和年代际变化方差相当。四季蒸发量年代际变化与近地面风速、日照时数的年代际变化都有显著的正相关。而蒸发量的年际变化仅与日照时数的年际变化有显著的正相关。四季蒸发量减弱的变化趋势是由近地面风速的减弱和太阳辐射的减少造成的。     

大熊猫精子发生及年龄,季节变化

本文首次系统地对不同季节，不同年龄大熊猫睾丸组织进行了精子发生的细胞学观察，以及曲细精发育的测定。大熊猫精子发生分批进行，在曲细精管切面，从基膜向管腔分别为精原细胞，初级精母细胞，次级精母细胞，精细胞及变态精子。     

Edaphic factors determining variation of two ecotypes of Leymus chinensis in North China

Leymus chinensis(Trin.) Tzvel .is a type ofperennial ,rhizome grass with biological andecologicalproperties of resisting drought , poor-nutrient andsalt-alkaline stress .L. chiensiscan adapt to manycomplicated habitats due toits highecological plastici-ty.L. chinensisis always distributed as scatteredpatches with either grey-green or yellow-greenleaves. Steppe dominated by this species is widelydistributed at the eastern end of the Eurasian steppezone. Its main locations in China are the Son…     

吉林市圣母洞空气负离子浓度及变化规律

以吉林市圣母洞风景区为测定样点,对6个区域进行了空气负离子水平测定.结果表明:在一段时间观测中,各个样点的空气负离子水平一般在中午前后会出现峰值.各测定样点空气负离子浓度大小顺序为圣母洞>江边>神哲学院>职业病医院>养老院>公路.圣母洞的空气质量最好,其负离子水平的变化幅度远高于其他样点.     

γ射线对大蒜的诱变效应

用γ射线处理三个大蒜品种的鳞茎,VM_1代出苗率及植株存活率降低,生长发育受阻,抽苔率降低,鳞茎变小,并出现形态学畸变,VM_1代主要表现为辐射损伤,不宜进行突变性状选择;VM_2代仍有较严重的辐射损伤,开始出现纯合突变,性状变异范围扩大、变异度增大,抽苔期及质量性状选择可在VM_2进行,但不宜进行株高突变及高产变异类型的选择;VM_3代开始出现鳞茎数量性状有益突变,可以进行高产突变类型选择。