松枯梢病菌RAPD分子水平遗传距离分析

对来自中国、美国、英国、南非和智利的松枯梢病菌23个菌株进行RAPD分析。用12个引物共扩增出135个RAPD标记,其中多态性标记占96.3%。各菌株间的Nei相似系数UPGMA法聚类结果表明,国内外23个菌株可大致分为3个类群:来自智利的CWS41与所有菌株的遗传关系最远;来自中国的F2和J2次之;其他的国外菌株与国内菌株的遗传关系则较近。此次实验未将来自美国的B型菌株与其他菌株区分开。     

结构地震反应的模糊控制

MR阻尼器是一种性能优良的半主动控制装置,已广泛应用于结构振动控制领域。本文针对MR阻尼器控制系统的特点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的模糊控制器设计方法,对地震作用下的建筑结构实施模糊控制。该方法将多目标遗传算法NSGA—II和模糊控制技术相结合,人工设计基本模糊控制器,以位移、层间位移和绝对加速度为控制目标,利用NSGA—II来优化生成最优的模糊控制规则。一个3层结构的仿真结果表明。所设计的模糊控制器在四种不同的地震波作用下均能有效地减小结构的地震反应,控制效果明显优于被动控制,与Clipped-LQR控制效果接近。     

基于十进制编码改进的遗传算法

遗传算法在数据挖掘中有着重要的地位.用遗传算法进行数据挖掘需要经过许多代的进化,从而获得较优的解.基于二进制基础的遗传算法在对二进制码进行操作时花费了不少时间,尤其是在完成染色体的交叉,变异过程中对染色体的处理时,需要花费不少时间.文章提出用十进制替换二进制处理对染色体的操作,用简单的数字运算完成对染色体的交叉和变异操作,从而达到提高遗传算法速度的效果.     

基于遗传算法的公路纵断面优化设计方法

纵断面优化设计是公路优化设计中一个重要的组成部分，遗传算法是一种高效的全局寻优算法。本文介绍了用遗传算法实现纵断面优化设计的具体方法步骤，并编制出了计算机应用程序。经输入公路原始数据进行实例计算，取得了令人满意的结果，证明了遗传算法在纵断面优化设计中的可行性及全局寻优的性能。     

A Genetic Algorithm for Delay-constrained Least-cost Multicast Routing

The delay-constrained least-cost multicast routing problem is introduced and then a related genetic algorithm is proposed. Finally, simulation results are shown to prove that the genetic algorithm is fast and effective.     

Optimal Polygonal Approximation of Digital Planar Curves Using Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search

Three heuristic algorithms for optimal polygonal approximation of digital planar curves is presented.With Genetic Algorithm (GA), improved Genetic Algorithm (IGA) based on Pareto optimal solution and Tabu Search (TS), a near optimal polygonal approximation was obtained.Compared to the famous Teh-chin algorithm, our algorithms have obtained the approximated polygons with less number of vertices and less approximation error.Compared to the dynamic programming algorithm, the processing time of our algorithms are much less expensive.     

国外鲟鱼类渔业生物学研究现状

概述了国外鲟类生理学、遗传学及生态学领域的研究现状。从微观和宏观两方面描述了国外鲟类成熟性腺、受精卵、胚胎发育、营养生理、遗传分析及生态等内容的研究结果。     

Morphological variability and genetic diversity in five species of Skeletonema （Bacillariophyta）

Twelve strains of Skeletonema from Chinese coastal waters and another strain from the West Sea of Korea were examined using light microscopy （LM）, scanning and transmission electron microscopy （SEM, TEM）, and small subunit （SSU） rDNA sequence analysis. We identified four species of Skeletonema： S. marinoi Sarno et Zingone, S. subsalsum （A.Cleve） Bethge, S. dohrnii Sarno et Kooistra, S. trop- icum Cleve, as well as a Skeletonerna-like species. These are the first records of S. rnarinoi, S. dohrnii and S. subsalsurn in China. The Skeletonema-like species, MMDLS067, was isolated from the estuary of the Changjiang River. The morphologic and phylogenetic characteristics of this species are not correspond to those of any previously published Skeletonerna species. The intercalary fultoportula pro- cesses （IFPPs） has long open tubes, and the intercalary rimoportula process （IRP） is short and located inside the rim of the IFPPs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MMDL5630 clustered with S. tropicurn in the NJ and MP trees, but its IRPs differed from those of previously described specimens of S. tropicum. The IRP is partially open, with an elongated opening at the base of the tube, and is longer than the IFPPs. Some specimens of S. marinoi and S. dohrnii also have longer tubular IRPs than the IFPPs. Compared to pre- viously described specimens of S. rnar＆oi and S. dohrnii, these two specimens we identified have shorter IRPs. Our results reflect the ambiguity and diversity of Skeletonema taxonomy. They are also significant for the future identification and management of red tides caused by Skeletonerna in the seas around China.     

遗传语言中的偏好模与读码框架

评述了ＤＮＡ核苷酸关联的几种研究途径。重点研究了偏好模分析方法，讨论了它与信息参数的联系，发现了编码区偏好用Ｓ－Ｗ（强弱键）语言，而非编码区偏好用Ｒ－Ｙ（嘌呤嘧啶）语言，解释了这种区分的意义，找到了编码区常用模（＊ＷＳ）的规律性，指出这种偏好性可能与ｔ－ＲＮＡ丰度有关。研究了如何寻找读码框架及非编码区中是否存在隐蔽框架的问题。