Effect of Thrombin on the Apoptosis of Hippocampal Neurons in vitro

Hippocampal neurons were treated by thrombin and thrombin receptor activating peptides (TRAP). Cell survival rate was decreased in a dose-dependent manner by MTT assay. The numbers of apoptotic cell and apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons treated by different concentrations of thrombin were increased in a dose-dependent manner by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method and Flow Cytometry. When the concentration of thrombin is 40 U/mL, TUNEL positive cells and apoptotic rate of hippocampal neurons reached peak value, were 27. 3 4.0 and (29.333 4.633 ) %, respectively. Immunocytochemistry assay show that Bcl-2 protein expression was down- regulated and Bax protein expression was up-regulated with the concentration of thrombin increased. TRAP can mimic the effect of thrombin to induce apoptosis on hippocampal neurons. These data demonstrated that thrombin induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner through activating protease-activated protein-1 (PAR-1). The change in expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was related with the effect of high concentration thrombin induced apoptosis on hippocampal neurons.     

成年小白鼠新生神经元的观察

将 3[H]标记的胸腺嘧啶核苷 (3[H]-thymidine)注入成年小白鼠腹腔 ,大脑中的神经细胞有丝分裂 ,可通过放射自显影在新生神经细胞中以银粒方式显现 3[H]标记 ,在光镜下观察脑切片中的银粒细胞即为新生神经元 .本实验利用放射自显影的方法 ,在成年小白鼠的海马和嗅球区域观察到新生神经元 .     

触角嗅觉神经束路示踪的赖氨酸钴填充方法

应用赖氨酸钴填充技术 ,观察雄蛾触角嗅觉神经的传入途径及向中枢投射踪迹的方法和操作程序。结果显示赖氨酸钴填充的神经元成黑色 ,与周围环境反差较大 ,清晰易辨 ,能准确反映触角神经元的生理特性及其向中枢投射位置     

蟋蟀下行脑神经元形态与功能的研究进展

蟋蟀下行脑神经元通过围咽神经索将编译、整合的信息传递到腹、胸等神经节的运动中枢,约占脑神经元总量的0.3‰~1.5‰,并能高效的聚集信息.传递触角感觉信息的下行脑神经元分支多聚集在中脑;外界刺激信息通过下行脑神经元传递到运动中枢支配行走,同时不断接收听觉、视觉信息调整行走的速度和方向.研究下行脑神经元的形态结构与功能将为研究昆虫微小脑的控制原理提供重要的理论依据.     

Long-term depressor effects of noradrenaline and dopamine neurons transplanted into the third ventricle of the brain of salt-loaded hypertensive rats

Summary Neural tissues including A 6 group noradrenaline neurons in the locus ceruleus or A 10 group dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra were transplanted into the third ventricle at the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic level of rats made hypertensive by salt loading. Either transplant exerted a long-lasting depressor effect.     

野木瓜注射液及其提取物对脊髓神经元的氧化保护和生长促进

研究野木瓜注射液(IS)及其提取物(AI)对氧化损伤脊髓神经元的保护和对未损伤脊髓神经元生长的影响.方法:通过MTT法和细胞外液LDH漏出量的测定检测IS对未损伤的脊髓神经元细胞存活率的影响;建立H2O2氧化损伤模型,通过MTT法、胞内SOD活力和细胞外液LDH漏出量的测定研究IS对H2O2氧化损伤脊髓神经元的细胞保护作用;运用激光共聚焦显微镜研究氧化受损及IS保护对脊髓神经元胞浆内Ca2+浓度变化的影响.结果表明:当浓度为100～200 mg/L时,IS能显著地促进离体培养的小鼠脊髓神经元氧化受损的修复,神经元存活率得到显著的提高,胞内SOD活力显著地增加和LDH漏出量显著地减少,同时胞内Ca2+超载显著地被抑制;未受损的脊髓神经元在200 mg/L IS作用下LDH漏出量显著地减少,细胞存活率显著地提高;AI3对能显著地提高氧化受损脊髓神经元的存活率.     

面向匹配决策问题的漏整合神经元稀疏ESN网络

为了对匹配决策问题进行建模与预测,提出了一种具有更多神经生理学特征的稀疏回声状态网络(ESN),并基于在线监督学习方法对网络进行训练.为了评估网络的匹配决策性能,设计了三组测试数据集对网络性能进行测试,并提出了一种基于网络期望输出与实际输出序列最大相关系数的评价方法.仿真结果表明,新模型只需要较少的训练时间即可获得较好的决策性能,且对发放时间间隔、平移和网络噪声具有较好的鲁棒性.     

非线性类PID神经元网络控制器

研究了基于比例、积分和微分控制分量非线性方法合成的非线性PID智能控制器.该PID控制器将比例、积分和微分控制分量分别用三角函数表示为误差信号的非线性函数,并通过三个独立的非线性函数构造合成PID控制器.通过在线调整三个独立非线性函数的权值系数,使该控制器实现不依赖于非线性对象模型的智能控制.仿真结果表明该控制器具有优异的非线性控制性能.     

Organization of the multifunctional neural network regulating visceral organs inHelix pomatia L (Mollusca,Gastropoda)

Summary InHelix pomatia L. the overlapping neuronal network was found to regulate the visceral functions (e.g. cardiorenal, respiratory and genital functions). The neural network is organized around the multifunctional interneurons, which take part in forming both afferent and efferent pathways. The interneurons are sensitive to a wide range of neurotransmitters or transmitter candidates including low molecular weight substances (ACh, 5HT, DA, octopamine, glutamate) and several oligopeptides. In this system both selection of information and modification of membrane properties (for example habituation) are carried out by a combination of simultaneously liberated active agents.     

GABA能回路在听皮层神经元频率调谐中的作用

为了解神经抑制在听中枢神经元频率调谐过程中的作用,本研究采用多管玻璃微电极胞外记录单单位反应的方法观察了去r-氨基丁酸能抑制后大棕蝠(Eptesicusfuscus)听皮层神经元频率调谐特性的变化,结果显示:(1)97.9%的神经元频率调谐曲线扩宽,Qn值下降(p<0.0001);(2)绝大部分神经元的最小阈值下降(p<0.0001);(3)兴奋性调谐曲线面积增加(p<0.0001).该结果提供了GABA能回路参与蝙蝠听皮层神经元频率调谐的直接证据.