河南西峡蛋化石群的保护与对策研究

河南西峡地区垩纪蛋白化群分布广泛，埋藏集中，层位多，数量大，类型多样，保存完好，在中国及世界上具有独特的科学价值。在《世界遗产名录》与《全球地质及古生物遗址名录》中，迄今尚无一例蛋化石遗址，西峡蛋化石群符合世界自然遗产的评估标准，理应被列入《世界遗产名录》。上前应加强保护与研究，并积极开展世界自然遗产的申报工作。     

河南西峡盆地红层划分及沉积相研究

从岩性岩相出发，结合恐龙蛋化石的组合特征及其它生物化石、同位素年龄等，对西峡盆地红层进行了划分，自下而上依次为：高沟组、马家村组、寺沟组，并对其沉积相进行了研究。研究认为高沟组沉积环境有三类，其沉积相为冲击扇相、洪积扇相及河流相组成的混合相；马家村组为较稳定的河流沉积环境，沉积物巨厚，发育交错层理；寺沟组的沉积环境为冲积滨浅湖相，见有小型交错层理和水平层理。     

黄河中游黄土区古土壤分布特征及其反映的古气候意义

本文对黄河中游地区古土壤分布特征提出了一些新的认识。该区有过约50决温湿到干冷的古气候波动,形成了约50层古土壤,并将其划分为5个古土壤组合带。     

南海珠江口伶仃洋浅层沉积硅藻的研究

在珠江口和南中国海伶仃洋的六个岩芯中,发现线纹小环藻组群(CyclotelIa striata complex)在各地层中均有分布,其数量由下层到上层呈递减的趋势。对各采集点样品进行多样性指数分析和聚类分析的结果表明,埋深为316—326cm处沉积硅藻的多样性指数最大,为2.09,111—125cm处最小,为0.36;在所有采样点中,有四对采样点相近程度大,环境条件应较为相近。     

广西金鸡滩库区水深梯度下的硅藻生态特征研究

基于生物群落结构的生态水文特征,特别是水深梯度下的硅藻生物群落差异为研究历史水位变迁提供了重要依据,亦为水质生物监测的合理采样水深提供参考意见.通过采集金鸡滩库区不同水深下的附生硅藻,研究了喀斯特地区水深梯度下的硅藻分布特征,探讨了金鸡滩库区硅藻种属对水深变化的响应.研究结果表明曲壳藻属是该库区的绝对优势种,在2.2m深处达到峰值;在水深梯度上,桥弯藻属和脆杆藻属的丰度减小,异极藻属和直链藻属的丰度增加.硅藻的生态类群特征为:硅藻种群的耐污性和N-异氧类群增加,营养偏好和pH偏好呈波动变化,盐度偏好变化不明显.在不同水深下,各指数的相对离散程度很低,认为在合理水深内的生物采样对水质生物评价影响较小;在响应水深梯度上,SHE是所有生物指数中较理想的.该研究结果为重塑本地区的古水位、古洪水提供了重要的理论依据,对硅藻生物监测水质具有一定的指导意义.     

The discovery of Jurassic plants in Shenzhen of Guangdong,southern China and related significance

Investigations of major marine and non-marine geologic and biotic events across the Triassic-Jurassic transition rely predominantly on detailed stratigraphic frameworks and biodiversity analyses. The alternating sequences of marine and terrestrial Triassic-Jurassic for- mations in Guangdong Province represent one of the most remarkable coal-bearing series in southern China. The Lower Jurassic Jinji Formation is widely distributed in Guangdong, with continuously outcropped sections and rich marine and non-marine fossil fauna. However, as little research has been conducted on fossil plant remains in the Jinji Formation, it is difficult to understand the systematics, diversity, and floral aspects of the Jurassic. Here we report on the recent collection of rich fossil plants from the Jinji Formation in the Dapeng area of Shenzhen, southern Guangdong Province. Our studies demonstrate taxonomical affiliations, preservation status, and diversity features of these plant fossils, which are marked by the close associ- ation of densely preserved, pinnae and rachis connected leaves, and the bennettitalean reproductive organs of Wil- liamsoniella, which may represent an Early Jurassic plant community dominated by Otozamites of the bennettitales. This work not only represents the first discovery of fossil plants in the Shenzhen area, but is also the first docu- mentation of Jurassic plants in Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta regions. Research related to these plant fossils will be helpful in the correlation of the Early Mesozoiccoal-bearing strata in Guangdong, and will provide a dee- per understanding of variations in plant diversity of the Triassic and Jurassic transition in southern China. Addi- tionally, it will provide terrestrial plant evidence for explorations in Jurassic palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology, and palaeogeography of southern China.     

Vegetation and climate change during Marine Isotope Stage 3 in China

Fossil pollen records from 45 sites across China were evaluated and synthesized to document Vegetation and climate change during Marine Isotope Stage 3 （MIS 3） at 60-27 ka and to understand the large-scale controls. During MIS3, vegetation type was dominantly forest in eastern China, forest steppe/meadow in the north and Tibetan Plateau, and steppe desert in northwestern arid China. We developed a semi-quantitative vegetation index to reflect change in plant abundance （by inferring the general climate conditions）, with a vegetation score from 1 to 3 based on the different vegetation types inferred from pollen data at individual sites at intervals of 2,000 years.The reconstructed vegetation index shows higher values during MIS 3, especially during the period 53-40 ka, than at the Last Glacial Maximum. Our results also suggest that climate on the basis of vegetation change was cooler and drier during MIS 3 than during the Holocene optimum; however, MIS 3 vegetation was probably similar to modern vegetation. The close relationship between vegetation change, insolation and Asian summer monsoon strength suggests that climate variations, probably in both temper- ature and precipitation, are the primary drivers of regional vegetation change. Additional well-dated, high-resolution palaeoclimate records from many locations across China will be needed to understand the vegetation change and climate forcings on millennial and centennial scales within MIS 3.     

龙门山唐王寨地区逆冲推覆体生物地层学研究

推覆体的泥盆系地层生物繁盛,门类众多,下、中泥盆统有丰富的腕足类,次为珊瑚、双壳类、三叶虫和角石;中、上泥盆统碳酸盐地层中发育大全牙形石,特别是Palmatolepis极为丰富。经分析研究划分出11个化石带和化石组合,聚类分析谱系图表现出来的10个化石组合与它吻合,可进行区域对比。在此基础上,对泥盆系的地层单元及下、中,土泥盆统之间的界线进行了划分,对化石特征进行了描述.     

温度对8种底栖硅藻生长及其理化成分的影响

考察了不同温度对8种底栖硅藻生长及其理化成分的影响.结果表明:温度低于15℃或高于30℃均不利于细胞生长,同时也不利于胞内理化成分的积累.在15~25℃之间细胞比生长速率及主要理化成分(叶绿素、胞内蛋白和多糖、胞外多糖及总脂肪)含量均可达到最大,而不同藻种的理化成分最大含量也有较大的差异,最高和最低叶绿素含量差值可达8.0 mg/L,胞内蛋白含量差约4.0%多糖含量差约14.0%,总脂肪含量差约为8.0%,胞外多糖浓度含量差约15mg/L.