地区分销系统的成本优化模型及应用

研究需求不确定下由一个地区分销中心和多个零售商组成的地区分销系统，系统中地区分销中心和多个零售商都采用周期检查的最大库存水平策略(order-up-to Level policy)．首先，生成了最终顾客的不确定需求数据．然后，分别给出了有限计划水平内地区分销中心和各个零售商的成本模型，在此基础上建立了地区分销系统的独立决策优化模型和联合决策优化模型，并给出了这两类模型的求解方法．最后，通过算例表明，该地区分销系统存在“第一最优”(first-best)解，即零售商所做出的最优决策从整个地区分销系统的角度看也是最优的。     

STUDIES ON HORIZONTAL COMPETITION AMONG HOMOGENOUS RETAILERS THROUGH AGENT-BASED SIMULATION

1. Introduction A supply chain is a network composed osuppliers, manufacturers, retailers, etc., whichcooperate to offer a kind of goods or servicesThese supply chain members cooperate andcompete with each other to maximize theiown profits. For example,…     

HEAVY TRAFFIC LIMIT THEOREMS IN FLUID BUFFER MODELS

A fluid buffer model with Markov modulated input-output rates is considered.When traffic intensity is near its critical value, the system is known as in heavy traffic.It is shown that a suitably scaled sequence of the equilibrium buffer contents has a weakor distributional limit under heavy traffic conditions. This weak limit is a functional of adiffusion process determined by the Markov chain modulating the input and output rates.The first passage time of the reflected process is examined. It is shown that the mean firstpassage time can be obtained via a solution of a Dirichlet problem. Then the transitiondensity of the reflected process is derived by solving the Kolmogorov forward equation witha Neumann boundary condition. Furthermore, when the fast changing part of the generatorof the Markov chain is a constant matrix, the representation of the probability distributionof the reflected process is derived. Upper and lower bounds of the probability distributionare also obtained by means of asymptotic e     

供应链中的税后净收入模型及其优化

分析并建立了一个单产品生产 -销售供应链中总税后净收入优化模型 ,考虑了转移价格、运输成本分配、税收政策、最小经济订货批量、资金分配等问题 ,其中产品转移价格和销售量的可调整部分 ,以及运输成本分配是决策变量。应用进化规划算法进行了仿真计算 ,结果表明利用不同的税收政策 ,调整转移价格和运输成本分配可优化总公司的税后净收入 ,并实现供应链的关系协调以及资金的再分配     

降水预测的模糊权马尔可夫模型及应用

中长期降水量的预测是气象科学的一个难点问题，论文首先基于降水过程存在大量不确定性、不精确性的特点，应用模糊有序聚类的方法建立降水丰桔状况的分级标准；然后针对降水量为相依随机变量的特点，采取以规范化的各阶自相关系数为权重，用加权的马尔可夫链来预测未来降水的丰桔变化状况；在此基础上，根据模糊集理论中的级别特征值，计算出具体的降水量；最后以山西省河曲水文站近50年的降水资料为实例，对该方法进行了具体的应用，收到了较为满意的结果，从而为提高中长期降水量预报的精度提供了一条值得探索的途径。     

供需网的一个节点:供应链协同管理与决策

从供应链决策分析、决策支持技术及决策支持方法等几个方面探讨了供应链协同管理决策的理论和方法 .最后以生产商和销售商为例研究了双方共同获利的、协同决策的建模方法 .由此得出 ,为了实现供应链为增值链 ,减少开销 ,双方共同获利 ,协同决策是非常重要的 .     

网上支付系统的风险计量模型及实证分析

网上支付行为可看作电子货币资产（电子现金、电子支票和数字信用卡等）组合的交易过程，对网上支付风险进行计量，就是构建一个合适的资产配置模型，使得网上支付系统的效用最大化或交易成本最小，VaR方法提供了一种有效的电子货币资产配置模型。电子货币资产回报的时间序列是一个具有平衡性的Markov链，因此，采用MCMC方法，通过构建一个平衡分析为π(x)的Markov链得到随机样本，动态模拟出电子货币资产回报的分布，并通过定价公式得出其损益分布，最终计算出相应的VaR值使用以上构建的网上支付系统风险计理模型，对某商业银行调研后采集到有关数据样本作了实证分析，可为金融机构防范与控制网上支付风险提供参考。     

Cooperative Mechanism of Supply Chain Under Asymmetric Information

Abstract: The cooperative mechanism is one main issue in the decentralized supply chain system, especially in an asym-metric information structure. We analyze the non-cooperative game behavior of a 2-echelon distribution supply chain,compare the results with the system optimal solution, and give the supplier dominated cooperative mechanisms. We alsoanalyze the validity of our contract under the asymmetric retailers' holding cost information and give some useful conclu-sions.     

FROM MANUFACTURING SCHEDULING TO SUPPLY CHAIN COORDINATION：THE CONTROL OF COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY

With time-based competition and rapid technology advancements, effective manufacturingscheduling and supply chain coordination are critical to quickly respond to changing marketconditions. These problems, however, are difficult in view of inherent complexity and variousuncertainties involved. Based on a series of results by the authors, decomposition and coordination byusing Lagrangian relaxation is identified in this paper as an effective way to control complexity anduncertainty.A manufacturing scheduling problem is first formulated within the job shop context withuncertain order arrivals, processing times, due dates, and part priorities as a separable optimizationproblem. A solution methodology that combines Lagrangian relaxation, stochastic dynamicprogramming, and heuristics is developed. Method improvements to effectively solve large problemsare also highlighted. To extend manufacturing scheduling within a factory to coordinate autonomicmembers across chains of suppliers, a decentralized supply chai     

Technical Notes ：STUDIES ON THE VALUE OF SECONDARY MARKET TO THE SUPPLY CHAIN

This paper investigates the impact of a secondary market, where retailers can buy and sell excessinventories, on the supply chain. We develop a two-period model with a single manufacturer and tworetailers. At the beginning of the first period the retailers order and receive products from themanufacturer, but at the beginning of the second period, they can trade surplus products betweenthemselves in the secondary market. We investigate the impact of the correlated dependence ofretailers' demand on both the quantity effect and the allocation effect under the secondary market.Lastly,we study potential strategies for the manufacturer to increase sales with the existence of thesecondary market.