水相中不同纳米金属促进的羰基化合物和巴豆基溴的丁烯基化反应

应用纳米铟、铋、锡在水相中成功地促进了多种羰基化合物和巴豆基溴的丁烯基化反应,在短时间内得到了高产率的高烯丙醇．反应的活性、区域选择性、非对映选择性均受不同种类纳米金属的影响．纳米铟促进醛和不活泼的酮与巴豆基溴反应,分别得到了以anti-和syn-异构体为主的γ型产物;纳米铋主要得到以syn-异构体为主的γ型产物;而纳米锡主要得到以anti-异构体为主的γ型产物．同时对反应的机理进行了初步的探讨．     

粉末活性炭处理原水中溶解性机物的试验研究

采用模拟试验的方法,考察混凝剂与粉末活性炭(PAC)投加去除姚江原水溶解性有机物(DOC)的效果.试验结果表明,表征活性炭吸附性能的碘值与亚甲基兰值与有机物去除效果无显著相关性;混凝处理主要去除的是分子质量1×104~3×104u区段的有机物,而粉末活性炭处理其他区段的有机物效果较好,尤其是分子质量小于1×104u区段,去除率均在40%以上;混凝处理分子质量小于3×103u区段的有机物效果较差,几乎全部依赖粉末活性炭去除,该区段质量分数占姚江原水的70%,这是处理姚江原水时粉末活性炭投加量相对较大的主要原因.     

流加培养对球等鞭金藻生长和生化成分的影响

采用恒速和变速流加培养技术,研究了氮和磷等营养条件对球等鞭金藻生长和生化成分的影响．结果表明：在恒速流加培养奈件下,细胞密度、细胞干重、胞内蛋白质和叶绿素含量达到了0．870×10^7mL^-1、0．17g/L、0．14g/g和0．60mg/g的水平,分别比对照组高3．0倍、2．7倍、2．1倍和11．5倍;采用变速流加技术细胞密度、细胞干重、胞内蛋白质和叶绿素含量进一步提高到1．400×10^7mL^-1、0．24g／L、0．16g／g和0．70mg／g的水平,分别比对照组高4．9倍、3．9倍、2、5倍和13．3倍．可见,流加培养尤其是变速流加培养能有效地促进球等鞭金藻的生长．在此基础上,通过数学模型控制对变速流加的培养奈件进行了优化,获得了最适的流加条件．结果表明,当流加因子K=0．100时,球等鞭金藻的细胞密度、细胞干重、蛋白质和叶绿素含量分别达到了2．220×10^7mL^-1、0．44g／L、0．17g／g和0．70mg/g的更高水平,比对照组高6．9倍、7．7倍、2、6倍和14．1倍．     

长春地区地下水中含氮化合物的空间分布及预测

根据长春地区地下水中NH⁺₄,NO^-₂,NO^-₃ 3种离子2006年的观测数据, 采用克里格插值方法绘制3种氮离子质量浓度的空间分布等值线, 表明长春地区的西北部和东北部含氮化合物质量浓度变化较大, 其中NO^-₃离子质量浓度在东北至西南方向均明显高于其他地区, 有线状污染的特征, 污水灌溉和过量使用农药、 化肥, 污染物经表层淋失而进入地下水是引起污染的主要原因. 利用时域克里格方法预测了未来两年长春地区地下水中上述3种离子质量浓度的变化趋势, 结果表明, 长春地区地下水水质较好,但亚硝酸盐质量浓度在各个区域均有上升趋势, 环城地区3种含氮化合物质量浓度上升趋势显著.     

N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺的合成及表征

趋化因子受体CCR5是HIV-1病毒进入人体细胞的主要辅助受体,CCR5拮抗剂可作为一种靶向制剂,以防治人类HIV-1感染.目前,非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂的研究占据主导地位.本文以5-溴水杨醛、4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-氯苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),以1-苄基-4-哌啶酮合成了N-烯丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺,通过中间体3、中间体7合成了一种有望用作CCR5拮抗剂的新的非肽类小分子化合物N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-(对氯苄基氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)苯甲酰胺,该产物有一定的生物活性,并对该产物进行了1 H NMR、13C NMR、IR及MS表征.     

绿茶新鲜叶清明前后香气成分变化研究

采用顶空-固相微萃取法提取清明及前后各1个月的鲜茶嫩叶中的香气物质,联合气质联用技术进行成分分析.结果显示,从节前、节中、节后样品中分别鉴定出53、55、59种成分,所鉴定成分峰面积分别占总挥发性化学成分的95.53%、97.51%、88.21%.     

High pressure effects on the crystal structure and electric conductivity of perovskite like (Ca/Sr)_2CuO_2Cl_2 compounds

The crystal structure stability as well as electric conductance of (Sr/Ca)_2CuO_2Cl_2 compound with K_2NiF_4 structure was investigated up to 31 GPa using diamond anvil technique. It seems that (Sr/Ca)_2CuO_2Cl_2 is quite stable under pressure but with obvious anisotropic compressibility. The equation of state (EOS) obtained shows relative large bulk modulus.     

Preparation of monolayer-assembled fluorescent film and its sensing performances to hidden nitroaromatic explosives

Pyrene was chemically assembled on a glass plate surface in a monolayer manner via spacers containing triethylenetetramine （TETA） subunits. It has been demonstrated that the fluorescence emission of the film is sensitive to the presence of trace amount of nitroaromatic compound （NAC） vapors. As discovered in the present work, the response selectivity of the pyrene-functionalized film depends on the length of the spacer, the vapor pressure of a given NAC, and the quencher size. The film shows faster response to those quenchers which have higher vapor pressure and smaller size. Compared to the film with shorter spacers, the present film with longer flexible spacers shows a slower response to the NACs, but higher selectivity to the quencher size. Additionally, the detection limits to common ex- plosives in vapor phase, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene （TNT） and 2,4-dinitrotoluene （DNT）, are 7.14×10^-12 and 5.49×10^-11 g·mL^-1, respectively. Further examinations indicated that the sensing process is fully reversible, and the vapors of those common interference such as benzene, toluene, ethanol, and perfume have little effect upon the sensing performances of the film.     

Combining docking and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis （COMSIA） to predict estrogen activity and probe molecular mechanisms of estrogen activity for estrogen compounds

Estrogen compounds are suspected of disrupting endocrine functions by mimicking natural hormones, and such compounds may pose a serious threat to the health of humans and wildlife. Close attention has been paid to the prediction and molecular mechanisms of estrogen activity for estrogen com- pounds. In this article, estrogen receptor a subtype （ERa） -based comparative molecular similarity indices analysis （COMSIA） was performed on 44 estrogen compounds with structural diversity to find out the structural relationship with the activity and to predict the activity. The model with the significant correlation and the best predictive power （R^2= 0.965, Q^2 LOO： 0.599, R^2 pred ： 0.825） was achieved. The COMSIA and docking results revealed the structural features for estrogen activity and key amino acid residues in binding pocket, and provided an insight into the interaction between the ligands and these amino acid residues.     

坡缕石-壳聚糖负载环糊精-活性炭对酚类化合物的吸附行为

研究了坡缕石-壳聚糖负载环糊精-活性炭对苯酚、对苯二酚的吸附行为,测定了酸度、吸附剂投加量、溶液浓度、温度等因素对吸附性能的影响.吸附热力学表明随着温度的升高,吸附容量下降,吸附过程可以用Langmuir等温吸附模型进行较好的模拟.