鱼鳞胶原为基质的胶原混合重组及性能研究

本研究以鱼鳞Ⅰ型胶原为基质,分别与牛筋、猪皮胶原进行混合重组.分析鱼鳞胶原和牛筋及猪皮胶原混合重组后胶原海绵的性能变化.红外分析表明混合重组后胶原特殊的三螺旋结构保存完整,吸渗性能显示重组胶原海绵的吸水性出现最佳值,扫描电镜显示混合重组后鱼鳞胶原纤维的结构更加紧密,而代表胶原交联度显著提高的酶解、热变性和热失重的结果分别显示混合胶原海绵的酶解稳定性、热稳定性均得到显著提高.     

The shore fishes of Trindade Island,western South Atlantic

Trindade Island (20°30'S, 29°20'W) is located approximately 620 nautical miles (1160km) off the eastern Brazilian coast. Due to its geographical isolation, its ichthyofauna arouses great biogeographic interest. This work intends to provide the first comprehensive checklist for the shore fishes of Trindade Island. Six expeditions were undertaken (1995, 1997, two in 1998, 1999 and 2000—in total 86 days of fieldwork) to survey the ichthyofauna from tidal pools to reefs 30 m deep. A checklist of 97 species belonging to 44 families is presented, with information on the ecology and geographical distribution of each species. The most representative families were the Carangidae (nine species), Serranidae (nine), Labridae (seven), Pomacentridae (five) and Muraenidae (five). Trindade is zoogeographically related to the western Atlantic, since 32% of its species are also found in the continental margin and 12.3% are shared with the western and central Atlantic. Nearly thirty-five percent of the shore fish fauna of Trindade are widespread pan-Atlantic warm-water species. Another 14.6% are restricted to the Brazilian Province. At least six endemic species (6.2%) were found: Malacoctenus sp. (Labrisomidae), Scartella sp., Entomacrodus sp. (Blenniidae), Arcos sp. (Gobiesocidae), Elacatinus sp. and Lythrypinus sp. (Gobiidae). This endemism level is lower than that found on the tropical mid-Atlantic Ridge islands of St. Helena (13.9%), Ascension (15.7%) and St. Paul's Rocks (12.1%).     

Trematodes of the family Heterophyidae (Digenea) in Mexico: a review of species and new host and geographical records

A review of heterophyid trematodes found in Mexico, both as metacercariae encysted in fish and adults in fish-eating birds and mammals, is presented, including numerous new geographical and host records. Data on the morphology, spectrum of intermediate and definitive hosts, site of infection of metacercariae, distribution in Mexico and biology of the following species are provided (species first reported from Mexico marked with an asterisk): *Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) gemina Font, Overstreet and Heard, 1984; A. (A.) leighi Burton, 1956; A. (A.) tenuicollis Price, 1935; A. (Leighia) chandleri Lumsden, 1963; *A. (L.) mcintoshi Price, 1936; A. (L.) megalocephala Price, 1932; A. (L.) nunezae Scholz, Vargas-Vazquez, Vidal-Martínez and Aguirre-Macedo, 1997; Ascocotyle (Leighia) sp.; *A. (Phagicola) ampullacea Miller and Harkema, 1962; A. (P.) diminuta Stunkard and Haviland, 1924; A. (P.) macrostoma (Robinson, 1956); *A. (P.) longa Ransom, 1920; A. (P.) nana Ransom, 1920; Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924); *Euhaplorchis californiensis Martin, 1950; Galactosomum puffini Yamaguti, 1941; *Haplorchis pumilio (Looss, 1896); Heterophyidae gen. sp. (= Haplorchoides sp. of Scholz and Vargas-Vázquez, 1998); *Phocitremoides ovale Martin, 1950; and *Pygidiopsis pindoramensis (Travassos, 1929). Two of the above-listed species, C. formosanus and H. pumilio, have been introduced recently to Mexico, most probably from Asia with the imported thiarid snail Melanoides tuberculata (Müller). Metacercariae of heterophyid trematodes are among the most frequent and abundant parasites offish in Mexico, in particular in its southeastern part.     

X.—New Hymenoptera of the family Bethylidæ

What seems likely to be the first published record of a foraminiferan protozoan (Cibicides lobatulus) epizoic on an isopod (Astacilla longicornis) is reported from material collected by divers off the Berwickshire coast (Scotland). Notes are also provided on other epibionts and a comparison is made with Astacilla from the Clyde Sea area which proved to have a much lower incidence of fouling. There, fouling was due largely to the entroproct Barentsia sp. and the hydroid Clytia hemisphaerica, not to Cibicides.     

Synchiropus novaehiberniensis,a new species of dragonet from New Ireland,Papua New Guinea,western Pacific Ocean,with a review of subgenus Synchiropus (Neosynchiropus) and description of a new subgenus (Teleostei: Callionymidae)

A new species of dragonet, Synchiropus novaehiberniensis from off northern New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, is described on the basis of a male and a female specimen collected with a trawl in 74–92 m depth off Kavieng. The new species is characterized within the subgenus Synchiropus (Neosynchiropus) Nalbant, 1979 by a small branchial opening; head short (3.2–3.6 in SL); eye large (2.5–2.6 in head length); preopercular spine with a short, upcurved main tip, three curved points on its dorsal margin, ventral margin and base smooth; first dorsal fin higher than second dorsal fin, with four spines but no filaments, first spine longest; second dorsal fin distally slightly convex, with eight branched rays (last divided at base); anal fin with seven unbranched rays (last divided at base); 21–22 pectoral-fin rays; caudal fin elongate, distally rounded, slightly asymmetrical (upper rays shorter than lower rays); thorax, lower opercle and pelvic-fin base with small ocelli; back in male with four dark brown saddles; anal fin dark grey. The subgenus Synchiropus (Neosynchiropus) is reviewed and distinguished from Synchiropus (Acommissura) subgen. nov. An updated checklist of the species in the two subgenera is provided; the new species is compared with allied species. Revised keys to callionymid fish species of New Guinea, as well as of the subgenera Synchiropus (Neosynchiropus) and Synchiropus (Acommissura) subgen. nov. are presented.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AACA51E1-FBD6-412D-B09A-78540E7089B4     

饲料酵母工业的概况和展望

<正>本文对饲料酵母工业的现状,饲料酵母的饲养价值以及发展饲料酵母生产的重要性作了较全面的介绍。饲料酵母的饲养价值相当于鱼粉,大力发展饲料酵母工业是解决我国蛋白质饲料不足的有效途径。该文还就充分利用农、林业纤维废料、有机废液生产饲料酵母等问题提出了有关建议。     

鱼类早期生活史的营养与摄食

鱼类早期生活史可划分为胚胎期、仔鱼期和稚鱼期,其营养包括内源性、外源性和混合性三种类型。仔鱼必须在卵黄耗尽前的短时间内建立起外源性摄食,否则,便进入饥饿期。仔鱼的初次摄食率和摄食强度均取决于仔鱼的摄食效率,并随着日龄的增加而增加。摄食节律主要受光照强度的影响。仔鱼对饵料的选择随着日龄的增加而变化,同时与饵料的大小、种类、密度等因素有关。     

延安地区虹鲑养殖实验初报

在面织为18平方米的一个石砌池中进行稚鱼养殖实验,经过78天养殖,使1902尾上浮82天,平均体重2.61克的稚鱼体重平均达到19.85克,成活率为97.3%,达到了理论计划的要求。证明延安地区水库表、中、底层水及绝大部分林区河流适宜虹鲑养殖。本文阐述了实验过程中的各项技术资料。     

邛海太湖新银鱼冬群的初步观测

笔者对邛海太湖新银鱼冬群的繁殖进行了观测分析,并就移植增殖太湖新银鱼提出了对策措施。     

The role of muscle in determining growth and size in teleost fish

Summary Rapid growth to large size in fish results from a sustained recruitment of new fibres into their axial series of myomeres. Cessation of recruitment at a small fish size leads to slow growth and a small final size of the fish. Fibre growth dynamics of fishes evidently govern growth and size through fibres' surface area to length ratios, which control their nutrient assimilation rates.