Impact of dissolved humic acid on the bioavailability of acenaphthene and chrysene assessed by membrane-based passive samplers

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is known to reduce the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aqueous environments. This reduction occurs as a result of adsorption to DOC, apparently reducing the freely dissolved concentration of HOCs. In the present study, triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were used to measure the uptake of acenaphthene and chrysene in the presence of commercial humic acid (HA) at different concentrations (0―15 mg C·L-1) under controlled laboratory conditions. Apparent uptake rate constants for PAHs in TECAM and medaka were compared and DOC-water partition coefficients (KDOCs) of two PAHs were calculated with different sampling methods by model fit. Results showed that HA present in water significantly reduced the uptake of PAHs in TECAM and medaka. The obtained values of log KDOC of acenaphthene and chrysene measured by TECAM were 4.63 and 5.83, respectively, whereas biologically determined values were 4.52 and 5.76, respectively. These log KDOC values were comparable to earlier published KDOCs toward commercial HA, thereby indicating that TECAM accumulated only the freely dissolved fraction of chemicals and uptake PAHs in a manner similar to that of fish. All these results suggested that the TECAM method can provide a good means for assessing the impact of DOC on bioavailability of PAHs in the aqueous environment.     

甘谷驿油田长6油层储层成岩作用及其对储层物性的影响

甘谷驿油田长6油层为湖泊三角洲平原分流河道砂体及三角洲前缘水下分流河道、河口坝砂体．砂岩以中细粒长石砂岩为主，主要成岩矿物有绿泥石环边、方解石胶结物、长石和石英加大生长、伊利石、伊一蒙混层、钠长石和高岭石等．在成岩过程中，强烈的压实作用及胶结作用导致原生孔隙丧失殆尽，是储层成为特低渗透率的主要原因；而晚期的溶蚀作用，特别是方解石、浊沸石的溶解，使得储层的孔隙度和渗透率有所改善，这才使得鄂尔多斯盆地长6层发育部分“甜点”储层，成为有利的储集相带．     

一类典型模糊逻辑控制器的输出结构

研究一类特殊的多输入单输出的模糊逻辑控制器 ,其组成规则中的输入输出语言变量的语言值均取正规的三角形隶属函数 ,且分别作成其相应论域的模糊划分 ,在其输入输出之间存在一种特殊的映射关系———线性规则映射 .经分析得到结论 :模糊逻辑控制器的输出可以表示成输入的凸组合函数 .这一结论建立了模糊逻辑控制器的精确数学模型 ,对于模糊逻辑控制器的分析和调整提供了直接依据 .     

The natural history of the parasitic wasp Trogus pennator (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): Host‐finding behaviour and a possible host countermeasure

The parasitic wasp Trogus pennator (Ichneumonidae) attacks the larvae of swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae). Female T. pennator were followed in the field as they searched for larvae of the zebra swallowtail butterfly, Eurytides marcellus (Papilionidae), feeding on Asimina (Annonaceae) in central Florida, USA. Predictions of host‐finding theory and interactions with the host were thus investigated in a natural setting. Wasps seldom flew to plants other than Asimina and apparently recognized the plants by visual cues. Plants were attractive regardless of host presence, as the wasps approached plants lacking E. marcellus feeding damage twice as often as they approached damaged plants. However, wasps approached damaged plants at a rate greater than their frequency in the Asimina population, indicating that they can detect host damage before they approach the plants. After approaching within 0.5?m of plants, wasps tended not to land on plants lacking feeding damage. A comparison of the plants they landed on, however, showed no consistent preferences for damaged plants. The weaker trends in the latter data indicate that the presence of feeding damage was not the sole criterion for landing, although it evidently influenced behaviour. After landing, wasps spent more time searching damaged plants than undamaged plants. Butterflies preferred to oviposit on plants shorter than those searched by T. pennator. Possible adaptive consequences of this phenomenon are discussed.     

FPGA在图象处理中的应用

介绍了FPGA的硬件结构和特性 ,以及采用现场可编程器件FPGA设计图象处理板的原理和设计方法 ,给出了实现图象左右翻转的应用实例。实践证明这种方法速度快 ,编程简单 ,设备具有很高的性能价格比。     

建立麦克斯韦方程组的新途径

用普通物理学的方法推导了不同惯性系之间产场量的变换式，在此基础上，给出了一咱简便、快捷并且物理意义清晰的建立麦克斯韦方程组的新途径。     

新产品WK-668在下二门联合站的性能评估及应用

分析了河南下二门油矿含油污水处理现状，论述了新型破乳剂WK-668的应用。     

离散T-S模糊广义系统稳定性的一个新判别条件

利用离散广义Lyapunov方法和分段模糊Lyapunov函数,研究输入采用双交叠模糊分划的离散广义模糊系统的性质,得出新的判定离散T-S模糊广义系统稳定性的充分条件,即在最大交叠规则组内寻求公共正定矩阵,并用算例说明这种方法的有效性.     

Speed-Sensorless Control Using Elman Neural Network

1. INTanDUCTIONControlling induction motor without sensor is available nowadays. In order to aclileve two-level closed lOops,i. e., digital current lOop and digital speed loop, it is necessary to sense.and digitize the motor phase currentand motor speed. Howver, the sensors involved have the followillg disadvantages. First, they aJre eXPensiveand make up a significan portion of the total cost. Second, they may result in electrical or mechaulcal fault.Based on speed estimation, it is pos…     

计算机软控制技巧

针对微机室微机的使用现状，介绍了用ＮＯＲＴＯＲ、ＰＣＴＯＯＬＳ等磁盘工具恢复硬盘分区表、对文件及子目录进行加密；对软驱设置口令，对ＤＯＳ的可执行文件进行加密的方法。