碾压混凝土坝的渗控结构分析

论述了碾压混凝土坝的主要渗流特性和目前主要采用的防渗结构，通过各种防渗结构应用效果的比较分析，提出变态混凝土是一种较为经济合理、安全适用的防渗结构，在碾压混凝土坝中具有推广价值。     

Three-Gorge Dam influences wetland macrophytes in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze

Dongting Lake,located in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze,is regarded as a lake during the water swelling period and a continent in the ebbing period.The construction of the Three-Gorge Dam has influenced the water level of Dongting Lake and the growth of wetland macrophytes in the area.In this study,the growth of main species of wetland macrophytes,such as Carex and Phragmites at Dongting Lake,was observed,and the hydraulic gradient,one of the main factors dominating the abundance and distribution of wetland macrophytes,was also studied at six stations in Dongting Lake area and the effect of the Three-Gorge Dam construction on the growth of wetland macrophytes was observed.     

澜沧江漫湾大坝对水体氮磷迁移及形态的影响

筑坝形成的蓄水河流在我国普遍存在,相应的生态环境影响是国内外研究热点。探究筑坝行为对河流营养元素分布,形态及迁移影响能够为科学筑坝提供理论支撑。因此,为了解澜沧江流域的筑坝行为对该流域水体氮磷的影响,本研究选择澜沧江流域典型的漫湾水电站及其上下游不受支流干扰的河段作为研究区域,分季节采集194个水体样品,分析漫湾大坝对该区域水体氮磷空间分布,形态及迁移影响。结果表明：①漫湾大坝不同季节下游水体总氮（total nitrogen, TN）浓度均明显低于上游水域（P＜0.05）,表明筑坝对河流总氮具有一定拦截作用,平水期（10月）和枯水期（4月）氮拦截率分别为15%、16%,丰水期（7月）仅6%;②氮形态数据表明筑坝影响水体中氮形态的分布。具体表现为漫湾大坝上下游水体中氮元素以硝态氮为主,但筑坝对硝态氮的拦截作用不明显（P＞0.05）。对铵态氮则有明显的拦截作用（P＜0.05）,平水期和枯水期大坝能够拦截河流水体中部分有机氮（P＜0.05）;③枯水期和丰水期上、下游水体总磷（total phosphorus, TP）浓度无显著性差异（P >0.05）,相较而言漫湾大坝只在平水期能够拦截少量磷;④水体TN与TP显著正相关,表明其具有同源性。除此之外大坝上下游水体中氮的分布也受叶绿素、氧化还原电位、溶解氧等水体理化指标的影响。     

大坝工程非稳定渗流场有限元分析

基于二雏稳定渗流场的基础之上,推导非稳定渗流场的有限元求解格式。编写相应程序计算渗流场各节点水头值,最后运用程序对一简单工程算例进行有限元分析。结果表明,所编写程序符合渗流场一般规律,为进一步对大坝工程进行相关渗流分析奠定了一定的基础。     

潘桥水库大坝防渗加固设计与施工

主要阐述了潘桥水库大坝防渗加固方案的选择,混凝土防渗墙和帷幕灌浆的主要设计参数,施工程序与方法,施工质量控制与检查方法以及工程运行效果。     

溃坝洪水经济损失评估研究进展

介绍了目前洪水损失评估常用的综合性软件以及学术团体研究开发的专业模型;阐述了溃坝洪水经济损失评估的研究热点,如区域洪灾损失与实时评估问题、动态评估模型等;讨论了支持向量机、模糊理论、人工智能、灰色理论等在洪水经济损失评估中的应用;分析了当前溃坝经济损失评估方法的缺陷与未来发展趋势．     

水力吹填堤坝危险水力条件和防渗墙受力分析

针对潮汐河口水力吹填堤坝的特点,对河口边滩水库堤坝边坡稳定的危险水力条件进行研究,采用非线性有限元方法结合防渗墙施工工艺特点分析水库蓄水后柔性防渗墙的应力应变,探讨不同墙体材料、变形模量以及工后沉降对墙体应力应变的影响。研究结果表明:潮汐河口水力吹填堤坝在外海潮位快速降落时不会达到骤降状态;河口边滩水库围堤采用柔性防渗墙是安全可行的,设计中应尽量选用"高强低弹"的防渗体材料,合理控制弹强比。     

汾河三坝西八支渠群管组织灌溉的实践与探讨

在调查汾河三坝西八支渠群众管理组织的基础上,总结出了群管组织的几种形式,并提出了适应生产力发展的群管组织建设应注意的问题。     

Dealing with Human Relations in Chinese Systems Practice

This paper is about the Wuli, Shili, Renli (WSR) systems methodology. An important concept within this, Renli, has been developed from Confucian philosophy to clarify to Chinese researchers the necessity of dealing with human relations in systems practice. At present, the only formal means of operationalizing Renli that people are exploring in China is to import from the West methods for organizing debate. However, the concept of Renli suggests that more is needed than methods alone. In particular, facilitation skills are required. It is argued that the development of facilitation skills can be enhanced if researchers can gain both theoretical and practical knowledge of group dynamics, and engage in activities of self-reflection to look at, and alter, their own roles in these dynamics and the wider sociopolitical system. There are therefore three aspects to Renli: the use of systems methods for organizing debate, the acquisition of facilitation skills, and self-reflection geared toward the development of facilitation skills and enhanced critical awareness of the politics of intervention.     

丰满大坝全面治理工程受天气气候影响的探讨

采用统计学方法,对丰满库区附近的吉林、蛟河、桦甸三气象站1951-2010资料进行分析,探讨了目前中国运行时间最长的大型混凝土重力坝——吉林丰满水电站大坝全面治理工程所涉及的天气气候问题.重点从气温、降水、风向风速、冻土深度及短时灾害性天气和极端天气气候事件影响两大方面对重建施工和建成运行后可能出现的影响进行评价.