The emergence of objectivity: Fleck,Foucault, Kuhn and Hacking

The analytical notions of ‘thought style’, ‘paradigm’, ‘episteme’ and ‘style of reasoning’ are some of the most popular frameworks in the history and philosophy of science. Although their proponents, Ludwik Fleck, Thomas Kuhn, Michel Foucault, and Ian Hacking, are all part of the same philosophical tradition that closely connects history and philosophy, the extent to which they share similar assumptions and objectives is still under debate. In the first part of the paper, I shall argue that, despite the fact that these four thinkers disagree on certain assumptions, their frameworks have the same explanatory goal – to understand how objectivity is possible. I shall present this goal as a necessary element of a common project -- that of historicising Kant's a priori. In the second part of the paper, I shall make an instrumental use of the insights of these four thinkers to form a new model for studying objectivity. I shall also propose a layered diagram that allows the differences between the frameworks to be mapped, while acknowledging their similarities. This diagram will show that the frameworks of style of reasoning and episteme illuminate conditions of possibility that lie at a deeper level than those considered by thought styles and paradigms.     

从康有为到孙中山:近代共同体思想中的平等价值

近代共同体思想中的平等价值原则是在特定的历史条件下形成的,是中国先进知识分子和广大农民在摆脱半殖民地半封建的斗争中不断发展起来的重要价值原则,彰显中华儿女在政治、经济、文化上追求平等的价值诉求,对如何构建人类命运共同体有着重要启迪.构建人类命运共同体已成为世界共识且被积极践行的中国方案,坚持由"温故"向创新发展,不断从...     

The empirical basis of equilibrium: Mach, Vailati, and the lever

About a century ago, Ernst Mach argued that Archimedes’s deduction of the principle of the lever is invalid, since its premises contain the conclusion to be demonstrated. Subsequently, many scholars defended Archimedes, mostly on historical grounds, by raising objections to Mach’s reconstruction of Archimedes’s deduction. In the debate, the Italian philosopher and historian of science Giovanni Vailati stood out. Vailati responded to Mach with an analysis of Archimedes’s deduction which was later quoted and praised by Mach himself. In this paper, my objective is to show that the debate can be further advanced, as Mach indicated, by reframing it in terms of the empirical vs. the logical dimensions of mechanics. In this way, I will suggest, the debate about Archimedes’s deduction can be resolved in Mach’s favour.     

利用安哥拉山羊改良本地山羊现状及今后的设想

美姑县安哥拉山羊改良本地山羊工作已初见成效,生产的马海毛价格高于绵羊毛3倍,是制作彝族服装擦尔瓦最好的原料。市场需求量大,发展前景可观。如进一步推广人工种草和秸秆综合利用技术,加强养羊科技推广力度,建立安哥拉山羊纯种繁殖场,扩大人工授精配种规模,对发展少数民族地区经济,促进农牧民脱贫致富将起到积极作用。     

卡尔·波普尔的反乌托邦思想批判

进入20世纪以后,反乌托邦思想得到了极大的发展,卡尔·波普尔对乌托邦思想的批判尤其激烈。他认为：乌托邦工程的哲学基础和立足点是站不住脚的“本质主义”,它蕴涵着通往极权主义的危险因素。卡尔·波晋尔对鸟托邦思想的批判存在诸多问题,他对乌托邦思想也存在一些误会。事实上,卡尔．波普尔仅仅是对极权主义进行批判而已,它并不能构成人们去反对乌托邦的充分理由。甚至,在他的思想里,依然存有着浓厚的乌托邦色彩。     

在《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》课中施行“2+1”教学模式的实践与思考

在05新课程体系的《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》课的教学中采用"2+1"的教学模式是我校思想政治理论课教学的特色和亮点,是有效调动学生的积极性、促进教与学的良性互动、增强教学科学性和实效性,从而实现高校思想政治理论课教学创新的重要途径。本文对"2+1"教学模式的基本运行思路和实际运用及效果进行了归纳总结,并在此基础上透视出该模式对课堂和课外教学的新挑战。     

构建“《基础》课”学习共同体初探

＂《基础》课＂在现实中存在着教学方法单调、理论灌输多实践活动少、考核方式形式化等弊端,学习共同体理论对此具有借鉴意义。为完善＂《基础》课＂的教学、管理模式,提高其教学实效性,从意义、原则和策略等方面探讨了如何构建《基础》课学习共同体问题。     

试论刘少奇对马克思主义中国化两大理论成果的贡献

刘少奇作为党的第一代中央领导集体的主要成员,对马克思主义中国化的两大理论成果即毛泽东思想和邓小平理论都作出了相应的贡献。他提出的许多观点补充和丰富了毛泽东思想的内容,同时他对毛泽东思想系统而又深刻地阐述,为毛泽东思想在全党指导地位的确立做出了巨大贡献;他在建设社会主义的过程中提出的许多建设性的观点,与邓小平理论的形成有着巨大渊源。     

略论清代深闺制度下的女性创作

清代的深闺制度使妇女的身心遭到无情摧残,尤以男权制度压制为甚。这使女性以其充满幽愁暗恨的创作抒写出闺中悲吟,与此同时,也彰显出妇女无比的才情、气质与高超的艺术水平。     

新时代的大学生思想道德教育

高校是社会思想道德建设的重要阵地,因此,我们高校德育工作者要及时了解和认识新时期大学生的思想道德现状,从而能够更好的找出对策,来加强大学生的思想道德建设。