粉末冶金TiAl基合金高温变形行为

采用等温压缩试验,在变形温度为600～1050℃、应变速率为0.002～0.2s-1的条件下,研究了粉末冶金Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr合金的高温压缩性能与高温变形行为.结果表明:合金在高温压缩变形时,屈服强度随变形温度的升高、应变速率的降低而降低,塑性趋于升高.合金在高温塑性变形时,峰值流变应力、应变速率和变形温度之间较好地满足双曲正弦函数形式修正的Arrhenius关系,说明其变形受热激活控制.在800～1050℃/0.002～0.2s-1范围内,合金应变敏感系数m为0.152,高温变形激活能Q为376kJ.mol-1.     

Pr2Fe17-xSix合金的磁热效应

用电弧熔炼法制备了Pr2Fe17-xSix(x=0,0.1,0.15,0.3)系列合金,用粉末X线衍射和磁性测量研究样品的结构、磁性、磁熵变及绝热温变.结果表明:Pr2Fe17-xSix系列合金的晶体结构为Th2Zn17型菱方结构;随着Si含量的增加,居里温度由x=0时的290K提高到x=0.3时的328K;外加磁场为1.5T时,磁熵变由x=0时的2.39J/(kg.K)降低到x=0.3时的1.67J/(kg.K),但绝热温变没有显著变化.     

磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光性能

磨粒和抛光垫为化学机械抛光(CMP)提供了重要的机械磨削作用。为了探讨磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光的磨削作用,研究了不同种类磨粒和抛光垫对材料去除率和表面形貌的影响。结果表明：在pH=12-13时,氧化铝抛光液去除率(MRR)为910nm/min,远大于二氧化硅与氧化铈抛光液,且获得较为理想光滑表面。3种不同抛光垫抛光后的铝合金表面,呢子抛光垫表面将不会出现划痕与腐蚀点,表面粗糙度较低为10.9nm。随着氧化铝浓度的增加,材料去除率(MRR)和表面粗糙度(Ra)均增加。当氧化铝含量为4wt%时,抛光垫使用呢子抛光垫适宜铝合金化学机械抛光,在获得高去除率的同时铝合金表面精度高。     

PdnAum（m＋n≤4）对甲酸催化氧化活性的影响

通过密度泛函理论计算了单个甲酸分子吸附在团簇PdnAum（2≤m＋n≤4）上的构型,得到了其稳定构型．吸附能从0．698eV到0．999eV,其中两个位置的吸附较强,分别是羰基氧和羟基氧,而羰基氧上的吸附能量比较大,构型尤为稳定．还发现金的掺杂加强了钯金属团簇与甲酸的吸附,而以不同比例组合的合金的较稳定的吸附位置都是钯原子．在PdnAum（2≤m＋n≤4）合金与甲酸的吸附构型中,PdnAum的吸附能最大（0．999eV）,对甲酸表现出最强的化学活性．     

Structure and corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Fe alloys

The microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al–Cu–Fe alloys with the atomic compositions of Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15),Al_(78)Cu_7Fe_(15)and Al_(80)Cu_5Fe_(14)Si_1have been studied.The alloys were produced by induction melting of pure elements with copper mold casting.The microstructure of the alloys was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The formation of quasicrystalline phases in the Al–Cu–Fe alloys was confirmed.The presence of intermetallic phases was observed in the alloys after crystallization in a form of ingots and plates.The electrochemical measurements were conducted in 3.5%NaCl solution.The electronic structure of the alloys was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The post corrosion surface of the samples was checked using a scanning electron microscope equipped with the energydispersive X-ray detector.It was observed that the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy had the highest corrosion resistance.The improved corrosion resistance parameters were noted for the plate samples rather than those in the as-cast state.And the hardness of the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy was significantly higher than the other alloy samples.     

Phase-field simulation on microstructure evolution of D0_(19) phase in γ/γ′structure of Co–Al–W superalloys

The morphological evolution and precipitation kinetics of γ′ and D0_(19)(Co_3 W) phase in Co–Al–W alloys at 900 °C have been studied by applying Phase-field method and experiment in order to understand the transformation process of γ′ phase and D0_(19) phase. The growth processes of D0_(19) phase and precipitation of γ′ phase under elastic fields were simulated through coupling with thermodynamics and dynamics databases. The simulation results indicate that the misfit δ≥ 0.53% has a greater impact on γ′ particle morphology in γ/γ′ structure.Co–Al–W alloy with low Al and high W is one of the factors to promote the precipitation of D0_(19) phase. Three stages during aging, namely the γ′ phase incubation stage, the γ′ phase fast nucleation and growth stage, and the transformation from γ′ phase to D0_(19) phase stage can be observed with the non-constant coarsening rate that varying with the decrease of γ′ phase. The particle size distribution(PSD) during the precipitation of D0_(19) phase is more in line with MLSW theory than LSW theory. This simulation results are in good agreement with the experiment results to help analyze microstructure evolution of Co–Al–W alloy.     

含钛复合矿选择性提取制备钛合金

采用固体透氧膜（solid oxygen-ion membrane,SOM）熔盐电解法,对含钛复合矿直接脱氧并选择性提取钛合金.经过X-射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope, SEM）和能量分数X-射线（energy dispersive X ray, EDX）分析,结果表明：从含钛高炉渣中可以直接提取出Ti5Si3合金粉末,并可有效去除金属杂质Ca,Mg,Al;从钛铁矿中可以直接提取出TiFex合金.最后,对电解脱氧过程进行讨论分析.     

AZ31镁合金微区电偶腐蚀的数值研究

结合水平集函数方法及移动网格技术,利用有限元法模拟分析了离散型β相分布和连续型β相分布的AZ31镁合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,通过解Nernst-Planck方程得到腐蚀过程中AZ31镁合金/NaCl界面的电势、氯离子及镁离子浓度分布,并通过扫描离子选择性电极实验验证了此模拟方法的可行性.模拟分析表明,当β相离散分布在α相周边时,在与β相相邻的α相区域腐蚀速率最快,形成腐蚀缩颈坑,坑内氯离子富集,进一步加速了α相的腐蚀,最终β相逐渐脱离合金进入溶液;当β相连续分布在α相周边时,α相不断被腐蚀,最终α相全部溶解而只剩β相,求解随即停止.扫描离子选择性电极实验结果表明此模拟模型可以对镁合金的电化学腐蚀进行较好预测和判断.     

Mg-1.3Mn-xCe-xZn镁合金显微组织和力学性能的研究

以Mg-1.3Mn合金为基合金,添加质量分数为1.0%或者2.0%的Ce以及质量分数为2.0%~6.0%的Zn,进行多元合金化,研究Ce,Zn对Mg-1.3Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明：在Mg-1.3Mn合金中,一定量Ce,Zn的加入不但能明显地细化晶粒,而且能提高实验合金的抗拉强度和硬度.Mg-1.3Mn-1.0Ce-xZn合金的室温拉伸断裂机理随着Zn含量的增加也将发生改变.     

LC4表面纳米SiC和PTFE双颗粒复合阳极氧化膜的制备

以250g/L硫酸+15g/L草酸为基础电解液,通过添加2g/L表面改性的纳米SiC颗粒和15ml/LPTFE乳液,组成双颗粒复合阳极氧化电解液,利用脉冲电源在LC4铝合金表面制备双颗粒复合的阳极氧化膜.结果表明:在脉冲电源频率80Hz、占空比80%、电流密度3A/dm2、温度0℃、氧化时间40min等条件下,在LC4铝合金表面成功制备出厚度为20μm,硬度为4340MPa的双颗粒复合的Al2O3-SiC-PTFE阳极氧化膜;复合氧化膜结构中存在着大量的微米级的孔隙缺陷为复合沉积双颗粒提供了复合场所,形成了具有纳米SiC颗粒增强膜的硬度和PTFE颗粒增强膜的自润滑性能的双颗粒复合氧化膜.