稀土双相永磁合金X射线无标定量相分析

通过对Ｎｄ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ四方相单胞分析，确定其各原子坐标，进而采用计算Ｋ值直接对比法，建立了双相永磁合金相分析计算程序。在对单相计算结果与实验值取得一致的基础上，对α－Ｆｅ／Ｎｄ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ实验合金进行了相含量测算和分析。     

半固态ZnAl27合金挤压成形金相组织研究

对常规ZnAl2 7合金和经机械搅拌得到的半固态ZnAl2 7合金材料进行了挤压成形试验 ,分析了合金在挤压成形后得到的试件的金相组织。结果表明 ,半固态ZnAl2 7合金挤压成形件的组织极为均匀细小。     

高熵合金及其相关复合材料的粉末冶金综述

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted increasing attention because of their unique properties, including high strength, hardness, chemical stability, and good wear resistance. Powder metallurgy is one of the most important methods used to fabricate HEA materials. This paper introduces the methods used to synthesize HEA powders and consolidate HEA bulk. The phase transformation, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of HEAs obtained by powder metallurgy are summarized. We also address HEA-related materials such as ceramic–HEA cermets and HEA-based composites fabricated by powder metallurgy.     

Sn及Sn合金的微观断裂行为

微电子系统中互连尺寸的微细化使构成焊点的钎料合金的力学性能成为影响电子封装与组装产品可靠性的关键因素。因此,在微米及纳米尺度深刻掌握Sn基钎料合金的断裂行为对于更好地预测焊点可靠性具有重要意义。本文针对100Sn、63Sn37Pb、96.5Sn3.5Ag三种Sn及Sn合金,在进行力学性能测试和显微组织分析的基础上,考察了Sn及Sn合金在微米尺度上的动态断裂机制,以及纳米尺度上裂纹尖端的真实物理过程,阐述了Sn基体、含铅Sn合金和无铅Sn合金三者互有关联又各有不同的微观断裂行为特征。     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

铝合金热塑性变形流动应力及其数学模型

采用恒应变速率凸轮式压缩试验机，测定了４种铝合金材料在热状态下的流动应力，分析了应变率，应变速率及变形温度对流动应力的影响规律，通过对多种结构型式流动和数学模型的回归分析比较，确定了计算精度较高，结构型式较简单，适合于现场计算机在线控制和工程计算的数学模型。     

磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光性能

磨粒和抛光垫为化学机械抛光(CMP)提供了重要的机械磨削作用。为了探讨磨粒和抛光垫对铝合金化学机械抛光的磨削作用,研究了不同种类磨粒和抛光垫对材料去除率和表面形貌的影响。结果表明：在pH=12-13时,氧化铝抛光液去除率(MRR)为910nm/min,远大于二氧化硅与氧化铈抛光液,且获得较为理想光滑表面。3种不同抛光垫抛光后的铝合金表面,呢子抛光垫表面将不会出现划痕与腐蚀点,表面粗糙度较低为10.9nm。随着氧化铝浓度的增加,材料去除率(MRR)和表面粗糙度(Ra)均增加。当氧化铝含量为4wt%时,抛光垫使用呢子抛光垫适宜铝合金化学机械抛光,在获得高去除率的同时铝合金表面精度高。     

纯钛滚压形变强化的研究

采用TEM,XRD技术研究了多晶纯钛滚压形变强化疲劳前后的显微组织特征和残余应力.实验结果发现:多晶纯钛疲劳抗力的提高主要是由于形变显微组织和残余压应力的产生及表面粗糙度的降低.滚压组织中形成高密度位错和单个?分散的变形孪晶,历经106以上的循环周次后,孪晶-晶界的交互作用是其主要特征.疲劳后次表面残余压应力松弛较表面严重.     

中频电磁场对连续铸造铝合金铸锭表面质量影响

研究了在冷坩埚式结晶器外施加中频电磁场对铝合金连续铸造铸锭表面质量的影响，通过测量结晶器内的磁场分布确定了铝合金电磁连铸的基本工艺参数．研究结果表明：采用在结晶器壁开缝的方法可以有效地提高结晶器内的磁感应强度．对本工艺，当开缝数在12—18的条件下，磁场分布基本均匀；施加中频电磁场可有效地消除偏析瘤，明显地改善连铸坯的表面质量．     

高铬钼抗磨合金的研制及应用

高铬钼抗磨合金本质为亚共晶型高合金白口铸铁。成分中cr/c=5～7;铸态硬度达HRc47～56;淬火后硬度HRc58～64;其金相组织为马氏体基本上(含有残留奥氏体)分布可观数量共晶型和二次合金碳化物,主要为(Fe,Cr)_7C3型具有较高的磨损抗力。适于电厂、建材、冶金、矿山等部门抗磨粒磨损零部件的制造,特别适用承受冲刷磨粒磨损零部件的制造。具有显著经济效益。