反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能影响的研究

为研究反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能的影响,按照ISO10271标准,将钴铬烤瓷合金在真空加氩气保护环境条件下,分别经过1～3次反复熔铸,制成方形试样,采用静态浸泡实验,分别浸泡于pH=2.3的电解液中,37℃密封保存7 d.检测浸泡前后合金重量、表面粗糙度、表面自由能及浸泡液中析出的离子量,并观察表面形貌的变化.结果表明,经过1～3次反复熔铸的钴铬烤瓷合金浸泡前后失重率、粗糙度、表面自由能及析出的离子量差异均无统计学意义,提示反复熔铸对钴铬烤瓷合金抗腐蚀性能没有显著影响.     

Preparing Ca-P coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy by hydrothermal method: In vitro degradation behavior

Magnesium alloys are potentially attractive biodegradable materials.However,their rapid corrosion rate limits their biomedical application.To slow down the rate of biodegradation,a protective calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a magnesium alloy substrate by a hydrothermal method.Scanning electron microscope results showed that the coating consisted of two layers with different crystalline characteristics.The loose outer layer showed a prism-like crystal structure,while the compact inner layer is a dense ultra-fine regular di-pyramid-like structure with an average grain dimension of ～200 nm.The compositions of the inner layer and outer layer were calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (Ca-def HA) and dicalcium phosphate (DCPa),respectively.The coating adhered well to the substrate with a thickness of about 15 m.Immersion in Hank’s solution indicated that the coating could significantly improve the degradation properties of magnesium alloy.The pH of the solution containing the coated samples increased much more slowly than the untreated control.After 8 d immersion,the uncoated sample had corroded seriously while the coated sample was much less corroded.The Ca/P atom ratio in both the layers of the coating increased and the coating was still protecting the substrate.The two layers of the coating corroded differently because of differences in solubility.The outer layer was more severely attacked and many holes were formed on the surface,the inner layer suffered less attack.In addition,a growth of precipitate on the inner layer was observed,indicating that surface bioactivity was improved by the coating.Thus,magnesium alloys coated with a Ca-P coating prepared by a hydrothermal method are promising candidate biodegradable biomaterials,and further investigation of in vivo degradation behavior is suggested.     

Formation and mechanical properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites with high oxygen levels

Zr-based bulk metallic glass(BMG) composites with in situ formed Y 2 O 3 particle reinforcements were synthesized by proper additions of Y to ultrahigh-oxygen-containing glass-forming alloy precursors.Microstructures,thermal stabilities,and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.Glass formation was greatly enhanced by Y additions in the alloys and the resultant particles were homogenously distributed in the glassy matrix,allowing for the fabrication of oxide dispersion strengthened BMG composites.The compressive strength and hardness increased by 10% and 20%,respectively,with the introduction of Y 2 O 3 particles.These results are significant for the design and production of Zr-based BMGs and BMG composites with improved properties using commercial high-oxygen content raw materials under industrial conditions.     

熔盐电解法制取Al-Si合金

按照工业铝电解生产的方式,采用Na3AlF6 Al2O3体系作为支持电解质,加入SiO2,在熔融状态下电解,得到Al Si合金·利用扫描电镜对产物的形貌和化学成分进行了分析,结果表明合金中Si的含量可达到30%以上,为过共晶产物·结晶Si的形貌是典型的针片状·此产品可作为母合金使用·根据实验结果,对熔盐电解法制备Al Si母合金的机理进行了讨论,认为Al Si合金的生成是由于两种机制共同作用的结果:Al还原了SiO2中的Si,构成Al Si合金;Si与Al同时在阴极析出,形成Al Si合金·保持Al2O3及SiO2的浓度,电解可始终进行·此法可以作为一种新的合金生产方式在实际中应用·     

Regulating microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni alloys

Mechanical properties of Al-Fe-Ni eutectic alloys have been investigated based on the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase,and the added Fe/Ni mass ratio.The X-Ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope have been used to identify phase composition,characterize microstructure and crystal structure of Al_9FeNi phase,respectively.The results demonstrate that the nominal mass fraction of eutectic phase control the presence of primary phase.The tensile strength slightly increases,and the ductility deteriorates sharply as the volume fraction of primary phase increases.The Fe/Ni mass ratio has the profound effect on the microstructures(i.e.,size and shape) of primary phase.When the Fe/Ni ratio is approaching to 1,the primary phase becomes rod-like shape,which can enhance the ductility of alloys over the flake-like phase.The increasing cooling rate can effectively reduce the eutectic grains size and primary phase fraction,and further significantly improve mechanical properties of the alloys.     

Zr-xNb-4Sn alloys with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants

The microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of Zr–x (8, 9, 10, wt.%)Nb–4Sn alloys were investigated to obtain novel Zr-based alloy with low Young’s modulus and magnetic susceptibility for biomedical implants. After homogenization annealing, hot forging and solution annealing, Zr–8Nb–4Sn, Zr–9Nb–4Sn and Zr–10Nb–4Sn alloys were composed of β+α″ phase, β+α″ phase, β+ω phase, respectively. The temperature at which the α" and ω phase were transformed into β phase during the heating process was about 200 ​°C, and the phase transformation temperature decreased with the increase of Nb element. Among all the Zr–x (x ​= ​8,9,10)Nb–4Sn(wt.%) alloys, Zr–9Nb–4Sn alloy had the lowest Young's modulus of 46.6 ​GPa and the low magnetic susceptibility of 1.294 ​× ​10⁻⁶ cm³g⁻¹, which has a good application prospect for biomedical applications.     

BCO光度法测定含镍铝合金中的铜

针对ＢＣＯ光度法测定含镍铝合金中铜稳定性差的缺点,用ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液作为缓冲介质对ＢＣＯ法作了改进,测定含镍铝合金中的铜含量,结果稳定、准确,再现性良好,方法简便而实用,特别适用于炉前分析．     

发动机铝质散热器的研制

设计了一种新型免焊结构的铝质散热器,性能试验表明,该散热器可替代铜质散热器。     

X射线光电子能谱检测热喷涂锌铝合金防腐性能的研究

锌铝合金可用作为风力发电装置的防腐材料.采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了由热喷涂方法制备的不同含量铝锌合金制得的TJPTZA1^#、TJPTZA2^#、TJPTZA3^#和TJPTZA4^#合金的防腐蚀性能,探究了合金与基体界面处的物质成分.使用能谱检测手段探索了界面处的元素成分及其含量,从而为以上合金的防腐性能研究提供依据.