WGD-8A型光栅光谱仪光谱分析系统的研究

分析WGD-8A型光谱分析仪器的工作原理。讨论其波长标定方法,在考虑入射狭缝宽度、衍射宽度等因素的情况下,结合瑞利判据推导出它的实际最小可分辨波长。利用WGD-8A型光栅光谱仪测量钠原子光谱,分析其所属线系。     

Evidence of vacuolar compartmentalization of arsenic in the hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata

Pteris vittata can hyperaccumulate arsenic （As） to 〉1% of its dry weight without showing any signs of toxicity, indicating the existence of effective plant-internal detoxificaUon mechanisms. Although vacuolar compartmentalization is known to play an important role in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance, direct evidence of arsenic compartmentalization in this hyperaccumulator was lacking. Here we report the subcellular localization of As in the callus of P. vittata. The callus induced from gametophytes of P. vittata exposed to 0.2 mmol/L arsenate for 20 days were examined by directly isolating cell walls, protoplasts and vacuoles, and determining arsenic concentrations. Of the total As in the callus, about 94% was in the protoplast, and of that, 91% was present in the vacuoles, indicating that vacuoles are a major storage site for As in P. vittata. In addition, the changes in the chemical components of vacuoles were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）.     

PLLA-PEG1000-PLLA三嵌段共聚物的红外变温研究

以左旋丙交酯(LLA)与聚乙二醇(PEG1000)开环共聚制备的HO-PLLA-PEG-PLLA-OH三嵌段共聚物为样品,采用FTIR,X-Ray,DSC等对样品的结构与性能进行了初步表征.然后以变温红外光谱法在0～185℃范围内对其温敏性谱带做了研究.结果发现,当升温至T=95℃左右时,一些吸收谱带的强度增强(如:在920cm-1,1215cm-1,1294cm-1等附近的谱带),当继续升温至T=165℃时,这些吸收谱带的强度减弱或消失,自然降温至30℃后,这些吸收谱带强度又增强,这种变化与DSC表征一致,因此应归属于结晶相关谱带.同时还观察到:在样品的冷结晶温度区域附近,756cm-1的吸收带强度,在实验条件下发生了不可逆转变.     

中药灵芝FTIR指纹图谱的研究

对多个不同产地、不同品种的灵芝样品进行FTIR扫描,得到的FTIR图谱经计算机标准化处理后,建立了灵芝FTIR指纹图谱;将灵芝FTIR指纹图谱存入质量控制检索图谱库作为标准谱图,建立起一整套可用于鉴别灵芝样品真伪的计算机软件系统.     

基于波导CO2激光器光声光谱仪的性能优化

采用激光腔内光声光谱技术分析微量气体含量,通过对实验数据的L-M拟合处理,结果有效地消除了混合气体中CO2气体对其他气体浓度检测结果的影响,这种方法拟补了线性拟合的缺陷,进一步优化了基于波导CO2激光器光声光谱仪的性能．     

含有扭曲晶界相手性液晶AEMBB的合成

根据具有强扭曲的扭曲晶界相(TGB)理论,设计并合成了一种含有TGBC*相态的手性液晶单体(+)4-(2-丙烯酰氧基)乙氧基苯甲酰氧基-[4′-(2-甲基)丁氧基]联苯酯(AEMBB).通过红外光谱分析反应物的羧酸基和羟基峰的消失判断反应完成;通过核磁共振确定各氢原子位置以确定目标产物的实现;并通过偏光显微镜和DSC研究了目标产物的液晶性能和相转变类型.结合偏光显微镜和DSC证明单体AEMBB存在胆甾、扭曲晶界和手性近晶C等多种相态,为互变液晶.     

碳簇分子和离子的合成及质谱研究

利用脉冲等离子体反应器,采用Ｃ２Ｈ２／Ａｒ,ＣＨ４／Ａｒ,Ｃ６Ｈ６／Ａｒ放电合成碳簇分子和离子。采用ＴＯＦ－飞行时间质谱和激光电离技术来研究和分析产物分布。讨论了在不同实验条件下,中性碳簇分子和离子的分布民情况,并对反应过程和机理进行了讨论从反应机理来看,在相似的等离子条件下,采用不同的气体,如Ｃ２Ｈ２／Ａｒ,ＣＨ４／Ａｒ,Ｃ６Ｈ６／Ａｒ等所得到碳簇分布非常相似。另外,当增加等离子体反应器通道长度     

In situ time-resolved FTIR investigation on the reaction mechanism of partial oxidation of methane to syngas over supported Rh and Ru catalysts

In situ time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy was used to study the reaction mechanism of partial oxidation of methane (POM) to synthesis gas and the reaction of CH4/O2/He (2/1/45, molar ratio) gas mixture with adsorbed CO species over Rh/SiO2, Ru/γ-Al2O3 and Ru/SiO2 catalysts at 500-600℃. It was found that CO is the primary product of POM reaction over reduced and working state Rh/SiO2 catalysts. Direct oxidation of CH4 is the main pathway of synthesis gas formation over Rh/SiO2 catalyst. CO2 is the primary product of POM over Ru/γ-Al2O3 and Ru/SiO2 catalysts. The dominant reaction pathway for synthesis gas formation over Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalyst is via the reforming reactions of CH4 with CO2 and H2O. For the POM reaction over Rh/SiO2 and Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, consecutive oxidation of surface CO species is an important pathway of CO2 formation.     

表面活性剂从碱性氰化液中萃取金机理研究第三相的产生

利用Fourier变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(³¹P-NMR)、激光光散射(DLS)等方法研究了萃取后负载金有机相的溶液结构。实验结果表明,随着有机相金浓度和表面活性剂浓度逐渐增加,有机相含水量增加,有机相中磷酸三丁酯(TBP)的磷氧基伸缩振动向低频移动,核磁共振(³¹P-NMR)的化学位移向高场移动;同时有机相中开始有直径16nm左右的聚集体形成;随着胶团逐渐长大,有机相分成两相即产生第三相;第三相中有直径4nm左右的胶团存在。     

几种固体酸催化剂表面酸性研究

利用消光系数法对几咱固体酸催化剂的表面酸性进行了定量研究,发现在较小的实验误差范围内,消光系数法可用于文中选用催化剂的酸量测试。测试结果表明,通过适当工艺合成的两种ＦＣＣ催化剂均含有较多的Ｂ酸,是催化裂化过程所希望的;而用于丁烯骨架异构化的ＳＡＰＯ－１１催化剂主要含Ｌ酸。