原生质体膜的发育特征

通过对黑麦(Secale Cerenle.L.)、向日葵(Helianthus Annuus.L)幼苗叶片的分段取材,利用扫描电镜技术研究了植物叶肉原生质体质膜的发育特征。我们发现(从叶片基部开始到叶尖)双子叶、单子叶植物原生质体的质膜发育具有相似的规律性。原生质体幼龄时,质膜表面出现了各种突起组成的球状“微区”,随着细胞的成熟,质膜表面逐渐变得多皱,进而光滑,其方式在单、双子叶植物略有不同。本文详细地描述了质膜的形态发育特征,同时讨论了这些特征与叶肉原生质体其它特征的关系。     

磁性超微粒超顺磁化特性研究

分别利用分形理论和电子自旋波角分布场理论研究了磁性超微粒的超顺磁化特性,并且导出了两个理论公式.理论计算模拟得到的超微粒磁化曲线与Shunji bandon等人实验测得的磁化曲线相符合,有效地解释了超微粒与块状材料之间磁化特性差异.     

超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)凝胶纤维串晶结构形成机理的研究

超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)在凝胶纺丝工艺条件下超分子结构的形成及其机理是目前正在研究的热门课题。本文借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、广角 X 射线衍射(WAXD)、小角 X 射线(SAXS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段初步研究和探讨了 UHMWPE 凝胶丝在超拉伸过程中超分子结构的形成过程及机理,发现拉伸后纤维具有明显的串晶结构并有部分向连续结晶体结构转化,而且认为这一超分子特征结构是纤维取得高性能的内在结构原因。     

Fusion between a myogenic cell in the satellite cell position and undamaged adult myofibre segments

In this report we demonstrate for the first time that differentiating myogenic cells, geographically located between the plasmalemma and external lamina of myofibres in the satellite cell position³, can fuse directly with the plasmalemma of undamaged segments of mature myofibres.     

CseNaYC16：Sm3＋晶体的光学与磁学性质研究

掺杂三价稀土离子（Re3＋的Cs3NaYC16晶体,因具有优良的光学和磁学性质而得到了高度的重视。本文利用晶体场理论和自旋哈密顿理论分别对Cs2NaYCl6：Sm3＋晶体的光谱和电子顺磁共振谱（EPR）进行分析和计算。在叠加模型的基础上,通过对角化24x24能量矩阵研究cs2NaYCl6：Sm3＋时的能级、电子顺磁共振参数和超精细结构常数。计算结果与观测值能够较好的吻合并对结果进行讨论。     

高温后活性粉末混凝土微观结构分析

试验分析了高温后活性粉末混凝土（RPC）的外观、质量损失和抗压强度随温度的变化情况;利用扫描电镜（SEM）研究了经历不同高温后的RPC微观结构变化和物相组成.结果表明：经历温度低于400oС时,水泥水化反应和火山灰反应互相促进,RPC微观结构得到改善,抗压强度较常温时有所提高;经历温度为400～800oС时,C-S-H凝胶由连续块状变为尺寸较小的分散相,钢纤维与基体粘结界面处的裂纹逐渐形成并扩展,聚丙烯纤维融化后的孔道加剧了RPC的内部缺陷,RPC微观结构不断恶化,抗压强度逐渐降低.     

基于激光扫描共焦显微技术的刀具刃口精密测量

为表征刀具刃口结构,提出了一种刃口精密测量和数据处理方法.采用激光扫描共焦显微镜对刀具刃口进行精密测量,通过数据后处理拟合刃口圆弧半径.研究结果表明:测量采用的角度块倾角会对刃口测量范围及刃口不对称度判定产生影响,应根据刀具结构参数合理选择,对于TPMT16T304刀具选择倾角为50.5°的角度块时测量效果较好;数据平滑可以有效去除测量噪声,提高数据处理效率和测量精度;刀具刃口最小二乘拟合结果与扫描电镜法测量值及标称值较吻合,标准不确定度优于0.084μm.以上结果说明,基于激光扫描共焦显微技术的刀具刃口测量方法简便、测量精度高且不破坏刀具.     

Densification behavior of mechanically milled Cu–8 at% Cr alloy and its mechanical and electrical properties

Synthesis and consolidation behavior of Cu–8 at%Cr alloy powders made by mechanical alloying with elemental Cu and Cr powders,and subsequently,compressive and electrical properties of the consolidated alloys were studied.Solid solubility of Cr in Cu during milling,and subsequent phase transformations during sintering and heat treatment of sintered components were analyzed using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The milled powders were compacted applying three different pressures(200 MPa,400 MPa and 600 MPa)and sintered in H2atmosphere at 900 1C for 30 min and at 1000 1C for 1 h and 2 h.The maximum densification(92.8%)was achieved for the sample compacted at 600 MPa and sintered for 1000 1C for 2 h.Hardness and densification behavior further increased for the compacts sintered at 900 1C for 30 min after rolling and annealing process.TEM investigation of the sintered compacts revealed the bimodal distribution of Cu grains with nano-sized Cr and Cr2O3precipitation along the grain boundary as well as in grain interior.Pinning of grain boundaries by the precipitates stabilized the fine grain structure in bimodal distribution.