原子力显微术对人体腰椎间盘组织超微结构的研究

报道了采用原子力显微镜对腰椎间盘组织成分的观察结果，并对胶原组织从结构上进行了分类，为深入到生物分子层次的研究提供了非常有意义的依据。     

SEM在宝石学中的应用

本文简要介绍了扫描电子显微镜的工作原理，并结合能谱仪，探讨了扫描电子显微镜在宝石学中鉴定天然宝石与合成宝石及优化宝石等方面的应用．     

醚键催化断裂的反应

本文根据电子效应、空间效应、杂化轨道理论，阐明了醚的结构、性质．着重介绍各类开链醚在强酸催化下断键反应的活性及取向     

功能覆盖膜对场发射阵列（FEA）电子发射性能的影响

为了寻找适合真空微电子器件的场发射阵列（ＦＥＡ）覆盖材料，我们采用了一系列功能材料作为覆盖膜，薄膜淀积采用离子束辅助淀积（ＩＢＡＤ）以及其它淀积技术。在１０＾－６Ｐａ下测量具有不同覆盖膜的硅ＦＥＡ二极管的Ｉ－Ｖ特性，测量结果表明除Ａｕ和Ｍｏ外，其它覆盖材料都对ＦＥＡ电子发射性能有改进，经ＴａＮ覆盖的ＦＥＡ发射电流最大。由Ｆ－Ｎ曲线估算出有效表面功函数和有效发射面积，从而说明以上所得的实验结果。     

CaO和YAG中掺杂Fe^3＋,Mn^2＋离子的零场分裂

本文采用Ｆｅ＾３＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋离子的ＳＣＦ－ｄ轨道理论，通过分析杂质离子引起晶体中局域结构的变化，研究了晶体ＣａＯ和ＹＡＧ中掺杂Ｆｅ＾３＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋离子的零场分鲜明立方分量α和三角分量，合理地解决了在同一种晶体中掺杂Ｆｅ＾３＋离子的零场分裂比Ｍｎ＾２＋离子的大，有时甚至大１个数量级的疑惑。     

红螯螯虾感光器Gqα的亚细胞定位

利用免疫细胞化学的方法和电镜技术观察红螯螯虾感光器中Gq蛋白α亚基的亚细胞定位,结果表明Gqα以膜结合形式定位于感杆束和以可溶性形式定位于细胞质中,Gqα定位的变化依赖于不同的光照条件.在暗适应后,Gqα主要分布于感杆束,细胞质中很少,感杆束与细胞质中胶体金颗粒的密度比为1.44±0.074;在(日)光适应后,密度比减少为0.61±0.021;在不同波长的光照处理后,Gqα定位有差异,感杆束与细胞质中胶体金颗粒的密度比由高至低,依次为绿光(1.64±0.046)、红光(1.28±0.036)、蓝光(1.16±0.111)和黄光(0.96±0.099).光调节的Gqα转位可能控制了能被视紫红质激活的Gq蛋白的数量.研究表明光波可影响感光细胞中膜结合和可溶性Gqα的比例,而这一结果可能是由被光激活的视紫红质的数量来控制的.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

针状铁素体晶粒取向差角度的EBSD研究

利用电子背散射衍射技术得到了成像质量图、针状铁素体晶粒取向差角度分布柱状图,表明取向差角度分布出现两个峰值,一个出现在针状铁素体晶粒间的取向差在0~5°范围内,另一个出现在针状铁素体与其邻近的马氏体/贝氏体晶粒的取向差在50°~60°范围内.可以推测这些针状铁素体晶粒可能是从同一个奥氏体晶粒上生长演变形成的,但也可能是针状铁素体晶粒在生长后期合并的结果.     

Pherbina mediterranea: immature stages,biology, phenology and distribution (Diptera: Sciomyzidae)

The egg, three larval instars, and puparium of Pherbina mediterranea are described. The duration of the various immature stages indicates that this specis is univoltine and spends the winter as quiescent larvae. The biology, phenology and geographical distribution are presented. The main features of the larvae are illustrated with scanning electron micrographs. A key to the adults of genus Pherbina is given.     

功率谱估计在扫描隧道显微术中的应用

扫描隧道显微镜(简称STM)所采集到的隧道电流信号,不仅包含着表征样品的表面形貌和分子结构的有效信号,而且还隐含着整个扫描隧道显微系统的动态特性.针对STM采集的信号,运用短时傅立叶变换对其波形数据进行功率谱密度估计,对信号在频率域中的特征向量加以提取.结果表明:基于谱空间的特征向量,准确地分辨出了工频在信号中的干扰,也能有效地解释和分析STM系统的动态特性,进而认为存在一小阻尼系统对信号施以影响;此外,分析的结果可以为STM扫描过程的控制,诊断以及扫描图像的重建和解释提供有力的理论指导.