企业自主创新能力和高新区经济发展关系研究 ——以武汉东湖国家自主创新示范区为例

以武汉东湖国家自主创新示范区为例,构建了经济发展和企业自主创新能力评价指标体系;运用主成分分析法计算了2001—2009年经济发展和企业自主创新能力综合指数;利用回归分析拟合经济发展综合指数与企业自主创新能力综合指数之间的关系,得出数量模型;运用时间序列分析等方法对东湖示范区2010年经济发展和创新状况各项指标进行预测,将预测所得的经济发展综合指数与运用回归模型计算所得值进行对比,检验了该模型的可行性;结果表明,企业自主创新能力对推动东湖示范区的经济发展作用显著。     

Stalagmite-inferred Holocene precipitation in northern Guizhou Province,China, and asynchronous termination of the Climatic Optimum in the Asian monsoon territory

An absolute-dated, bi-decadal-resolution, stalagmite oxygen-isotopic time series from Shigao Cave reveals the evolution of summer monsoon precipitation over the past 9.9 ka BP in northern Guizhou Province, Southwest China. The  18O-inferred climate conditions are divisible into three distinct stages: (1) a maximum humid era from 9.9-6.6 ka BP; (2) a gradual declining precipitation interval between 6.6-1.6 ka BP; and (3) a relatively low precipitation time window after 1.6 ka BP. Consistency of contemporaneous stalagmite Holocene 18O records between Shigao and other caves in the Indian and East Asian monsoon realms support the effect of primary orbital solar forcings on monsoonal precipitation. However, statistical analysis shows a significant spatial asynchroneity of the Holocene Optimum termination in the Asian monsoon territory. The Holocene Optimum ended at 7.2-7.4 ka BP in Oman, located in the Indian monsoon region, and at 5.6-5.8 ka BP in Central China, in the East Asian monsoon zone. In Southwest China, the termination occurred between these periods, at 6.6-7.0 ka BP, and was influenced by both monsoon systems. We propose that this spatially asynchronous ending of Holocene Optimum in Asia may be attributed to sea surface temperature changes in the western tropical Pacific, which is a primary moisture source for the East Asian monsoon.     

黄、东海沿岸海表温度变化与厄尔尼诺的关系

利用黄、东海沿岸8个长期水文观测站多年海表温度资料,分析黄、东海沿岸海表温度的季节和年际变化特征,重点分析在1982—1983年和1997—1998年两次厄尔尼诺年期间的异常变化,以及ENSO影响黄、东海沿岸海表温度的可能机制。结果表明,在厄尔尼诺发生年,夏季风较弱,鄂霍次克海高压加强,西太平洋副高位置偏南,强度偏强,江淮流域及长江中下游降水偏多,黄、东海沿岸海表温度偏低。黄、东海沿岸海表温度受到ENSO和PDO(太平洋年代际振荡)的影响和调制,在厄尔尼诺发生的前冬半年及当年,黄、东海沿岸海表温度偏低;在厄尔尼诺发生次年,黄、东海沿岸海表温度偏高。厄尔尼诺对黄、东海沿岸海表温度变化的影响通过海洋和大气2个通道,1982—1983年海表温度异常以负异常为主,1997—1998年海表温度异常以正异常为主;ENSO期间,北赤道流减弱,黑潮流量减少,海表温度降低。海表温度受局地气温影响显著,如果ENSO期间东亚气温升高,则黄、东海沿岸海表温度偏高。     

论东洞庭湖自然保护区公众参与机制的完善

东洞庭湖自然保护区的公众参与已取得了一定成效,但还未形成健全的法律机制,存在如公众参与意识不高、公众参与的法律依据不足等诸多问题。因此,有必要从加强宣传教育、加强公众参与湿地保护的立法、建立健全东洞庭湖自然保护区公众参与相关制度等方面,完善东洞庭湖自然保护区的公众参与机制,真正使公众参与在东洞庭湖湿地保护区的环境治理中发挥应有的作用。     

长江经济带湖泊水下地形的热红外遥感反演——以武汉市东湖为例

针对长江经济带平原湖区的浅水湖泊,提出了一种基于热红外遥感的湖泊水深测量方法.首先根据湖泊水温的垂直分布规律,推导出浅水湖泊中表层水温与水深平方的倒数存在近似的正比关系.然后以武汉东湖为例,利用Landsat-8热红外(TIRS)遥感影像数据反演东湖水表温度.结合实测水深测量样本点对,利用半经验回归方法,确定水深与水温的关系式,根据此关系式由水温反演出整个湖泊的水深,最后再结合影像当日的水位数据得到水下地形.试验模型拟合的相关系数R2为0.657,在浅水湖泊水深反演中能取得平均相对误差8.93%的相对测深精度.试验表明, 利用热红外遥感可为长江经济带平原湖区浅水湖泊的水深测量和水下地形测量提供一个快捷的新方法.     

Preliminary results of a regional air-sea coupled model over East Asia

We have established a regional air-sea coupled model over East Asia and conducted a 20-year integration to evaluate its performance in reproducing the present climate. The coupled model consists of RegCM3 and HYCOM controlled by the OASIS3 coupler with resuolution of 60 km for the atmosphere and 33 km for the ocean, respectively. Unlike some other regional air-sea coupled models, a one-way nesting method is employed in the oceanic component and a heat flux adjustment for solar radiation is used to remove an about 2°C cold bias in SST. The primary analysis for this 20-year integration shows that the coupled model successfully reproduces the main features of the circulations over East Asia, both in the atmosphere and the ocean, including climatology, seasonal and interannual variations. Improvements are seen in the coupled model compared to the uncoupled one, especially in the simulation of precipitation, the most important element of the East Asian monsoon, although there are still obvious discrepancies that come mainly from the model components themselves. Further analyses show that the rainfall simulation benefits from the enhancements of the Northwest Pacific Subtropical High in summer, which leads to the improvement of the moisture flux simulation at the middle-lower atmospheric circulation. The results indicate that the regional air-sea coupled model is more suitable for the East Asia monsoon simulation.     

青银高速济南黄河三桥主塔施工

以青银高速济南黄河三桥主塔施工为例,在介绍其施工的主要工序基础上,阐述了透水模板、门式钢架等新工艺、新方法的应用。     

简介“中东呼吸综合征”

日前,中国发现首例输入性中东呼吸综合征(MERS)确诊病例。患者系来自韩国的成年男性,其病情进展引起了社会广泛关注。同时,韩国境内也已发现疑似第二代人传人病例。中东呼吸综合征的又一轮爆发引起了全世界卫生系统的关注,“中东呼吸综合征”这个陌生的名词走进人们的视野。文章针对“中东呼吸综合征”的病原学等特点,以及它与严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的区别进行了介绍。     

试析东亚一体化进程中的东亚认同

一、阐述认同的内涵及东亚认同的基础;二、分析东亚认同的形成及存在的障碍;三、指出东亚认同的形成对一体化进程具有三方面的积极作用:消除东亚地区存在的安全困境,指导东亚各国寻求共同利益,提高东亚国家在国际事务中的地位和影响力。     

东海区龙头鱼数量分布与渔业生物学现状分析

以2008-2009年东海区渔业资源大面积定点底拖网调查资料和常规渔业资源监测资料为依据,对龙头鱼的渔业生物学特征进行了分析研究。结果表明:龙头鱼主要分布在江苏外海和长江口外海,较为稳定的盐度水域范围,对水温和水深的适应范围较广;龙头鱼的优势叉长为120～200 mm,占70.55%,平均叉长165.23 mm;优势体重为10～20 g,占28.21%,平均体重34.10 g。龙头鱼的雌雄比例约为1.70:1,7-9月为产卵盛期;除了7月份以外,龙头鱼摄食等级为0级(空胃)所占比例最高;食性分析结果表明,胃含物中出现频率最高的是龙头鱼,其次为七星底灯鱼,再次为中国毛虾。目前,龙头鱼尚属于资源状况较好的鱼种之一,渔获量较为稳定,资源开发尚有一定潜力。