鄱阳湖生态环境现状、问题及可持续发展对策

鄱阳湖是中国最大的淡水湖,有着巨大的生态、经济和社会价值。由于人口、经济、资源的多重压力,目前,鄱阳湖面临水土流失、水质污染、土壤退化、水旱灾害频繁、生物入侵、生物多样性锐减等一系列生态环境问题。必须采取各种有效措施确保鄱阳湖可持续发展。     

New records of West and South African Bathyporeia,with the description of four new species and a key to all species of the genus (Crustacea,Amphipoda)

New data on the warm temperate and tropical east Atlantic Bathyporeia species are presented. Four new species are described: Bathyporeia cunctator sp. nov. from South Africa, B. chevreuxi sp. nov. from Senegal, B. gladiura sp. nov. from South Africa, and B. griffithsi sp. nov. from Namibia. Bathyporeia cunctator sp. nov. and B. chevreuxi sp. nov. are very closely related to the west European B. tenuipes Meinert, 1877 and the Mediterranean B. lindstromi Stebbing, 1906 Stebbing, T. R. R. 1906. Amphipoda 1: Gammaridea.. Das Tierreich, 21: 1–806.  [Google Scholar]; these four cryptic species forming the complex tenuipes. Bathyporeia griffithsi sp. nov. and B. gladiura sp. nov. are highly distinctive new species. The morphotype “sunnivae” of Bathyporeia guilliamsoniana is recorded for the first time outside the Mediterranean Sea, in the Canary Islands. An identification key to all known Bathyporeia species is given.     

Stegana castanea species group (Diptera,Drosophilidae) from the Oriental region

The Stegana castanea species group is established as a morphological group within the subgenus Steganina, based on two known and six new species from the Oriental region: Stegana (Steganina) bacilla Chen and Aotsuka, 2004 Chen, HW and Aotsuka, T. 2004. A survey of the genus Stegana Meigen from southern Japan (Diptera, Drosophilidae). J Nat Hist., 38: 2779–2788. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]; S. castanea Okada, 1988 Okada, T. 1988. Family Drosophilidae (Diptera) from the Lund University Ceylon Expedition in 1962 and Borneo collections in 1978–1979. Entomol Scand (suppl)., 30: 109–149.  [Google Scholar]; S. (S.) reni sp. nov.; S. (S.) tiani sp. nov.; S. (S.) tongi sp. nov.; S. (S.) wangi sp. nov., S. (S.) weiqiuzhangi sp. nov. and S. (S.) xui sp. nov. from southern China. A key to all the species of this group is provided.     

社会责任与合作治污对企业治污效用影响

结合湖域初始排污权配置背景,从多利益相关者合作角度构建了企业治污效用凸博弈模型,给出基于减排率差异性的CSR-企业治污收益模型、基于治污技术差异性的同行业企业间合作治污的PCTC-企业治污成本分摊模型。进而以太湖流域氨氮初始排污权配置为例,在求解多主体Shapley值的基础上,结合江苏省张家港市10家纺织企业数据进行实证研究。结果表明:CSR同企业减排率之间具有显著拟线性关系与倍增响应关系,对企业收益具有正相关影响;PCTC可有效减少合作企业治污边际成本,对保障合作稳定性、促进多利益主体合作具有积极作用;推广CSR与PCTC有助于提高我国工业企业参与排污权交易积极性,对推进湖域排污权交易机制构建具有重要意义。     

《全元文》补遗三篇

最近笔者在翻阅方志及石刻资料时发现数篇元人碑文,分别为李俊民、姬志真及董庭谏所撰,《全元文》未录。现移录全文,胪列于此,以作补遗,期与学者共享。     

Ostracod fauna of salt Lake Acıgöl (Acı Tuz) (Turkey)

Lakes and wetlands in Mediterranean regions are overexploited and contaminated without sufficient local governmental control. The biodiversity of Salt Lake Ac?göl (Turkey), an internationally recognized ecosystem, is presently endangered by management plans. This study aims to analyse the ostracod community to establish its ecological status as a base for future paleoecological studies using ostracods to reconstruct the recent evolution of this wetland. Samples were collected seasonally and 13 species were recorded. Multivariate classification and ordination statistical methods revealed a major difference between assemblages related to the relative abundance of species tolerant of desiccation vs. species preferring permanent waters. Cyprideis torosa, mainly found in saline, low diversity sites, is a euryhaline species regarded as an indicator of future lake conditions if inappropriate water resource management continues.     

1980～1991年湖南洞庭湖区血吸虫病疫情反弹的原因探析

湖南洞庭湖区是我国血吸虫病流行最为严重的地区,从建国初至20世纪70年代末,经过30年的努力,防治工作取得了巨大成绩。但此后10余年间疫情出现了明显反弹,其原因主要是钉螺孽生环境的复杂和生态环境的改变,洪涝灾害的频繁爆发,经济交流活动的日益频繁和人口流动的不断加强,"违禁"现象严重,血防经费投入减少,防护工作与血防宣传教育的放松以及血防队伍动荡、人员情绪不安等。这种情况在90年代以后得到了有效遏制。     

洱海流域铅和锰含量测定及其卫生学意义

目的：通过对洱海流域（大理地区）水源的抽样调查,了解洱海流域水源中铅、锰的含量。方法：选择洱海流域主要的入湖河流、洱海表层水作为研究对象,利用原子吸收分光光度法检测水样中铅、锰的含量。结果：洱海流域中锰的平均含量为0.013 6mg/L,而铅的平均含量为0.828 0mg/L;与《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB 5749-2006）比较,锰的合格率为100%,铅的超标率为100%。结论：洱海流域中铅含量严重超标,存在潜在危险性,给相关部门防止铅在洱海湖泊内发生生物蓄积提供一定的依据,从而为居民提供健康的饮水环境。     

鄱阳湖三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌资源最大持续产量及其开发利用的研究

应用“剩余产量模式”研究了鄱阳湖三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌资源,采用PC-1500型微机计算,结果表明,其最大持续产量(MSY)为6516t,比历史上最高产的1980年还高出17.7%,增产潜力大,其相应努力量为2000艘标准渔船.本文还报道了鄱阳湖46种蚌的名录,并简述了其开发利用的初步意见.     

川东北部香溪群的地震相和有利储层展布

川东北部地区香溪群是以河流相为主的沉积。北东向主河流发育带是该河流沉积体系的骨架。下凹充填、丘形反射地震相分布带正是主河流带的地震响应。砂岩储层的物性和有利储层带的分布均受此河流沉积体系的影响。勘探中应充分考虑主河流发育带控制有利储层带展布这一认识。