衡阳地区绿脓假单胞菌临床分布特征及耐药性分析

目的了解衡阳地区绿脓假单胞菌的临床分布特征及耐药现状，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集衡阳市南华大学附一医院临床分离的199株绿脓假单胞菌，采用K—B法检测药物敏感性。结果199株绿脓假单胞菌中，以痰液为主，占64．32％（128／199）；其次为伤口分泌物，占9．05％（18／199）。病区来源以ICU检出率最高，占14．07％（28／199）；其次为神经外科和呼吸内科，占9．05％（18／199）。在检测的19种药物中，耐药率超过50％的达13种（68．42％），耐药率最高为氨苄西林／舒巴坦（98．00％），其次为复方新诺明（95．00％）和替卡西林（79．00％），耐药率最低为多粘菌素E（8．00％）。结论临床分离绿脓假单胞菌多来源于呼吸道标本，且耐药现象十分严重。临床应加强对绿脓假单胞菌耐药性监测、合理选用抗菌药物。     

Structural insight into function and regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase

The control of fatty acid translocation across the mitochondrial membrane is mediated by the carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) system. Modulation of its functionality has simultaneous effects on fatty acid and glucose metabolism. This encourages use of the CPT system as drug target for reduction of gluconeogenesis and restoration of lipid homeostasis, which are beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Recently, crystal structures of CPT-2 were determined in uninhibited forms and in complexes with inhibitory substrate-analogs with anti-diabetic properties in animal models and in clinical studies. The CPT-2 crystal structures have advanced understanding of CPT structure–function relationships and will facilitate discovery of novel inhibitors by structure-based drug design. However, a number of unresolved questions regarding the biochemistry and pharmacology of CPT enzymes remain and are addressed in this review.     

68株临床分离肠球菌的耐药性检测及临床意义

目的：了解肠球菌在临床标本中的分布及对常用的抗菌药物的耐药现状，指导临床合理用药．方法：对临床标本中分离出的细菌进行系统检验，采用纸片法对分离鉴定后的肠球菌进行药物敏感性试验．结果：肠球菌可在临床常见的多种标本中检出，粪肠球菌（86．7％）明显多于屎肠球菌（10．3％），其他肠球菌（3％）少见．对常用抗菌药物的耐药性，粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌之间的差异无统计学意义．结论：临床医生应关注临床常见病原菌的耐药性研究，参考抗菌药物敏感性试验结果调整用药种类．     

川谷×薏苡F_1减数分裂异常及花粉败育

本研究发现：川谷×薏苡Ｆ１花粉母细胞减数分裂过程中．在中期Ⅰ和后期Ⅰ，较多的母细胞中出现了落后染色体，并有多种其他异常现象。Ｆ１花粉败育率高达７９．５％，败育多发生在单核期，有两种败育类型。     

肺炎克雷伯菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

目的：通过实验的方式,熟悉通辽地区革兰氏阴性杆菌中肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β—内酰胺酶（ES-BLs）的情况,并初步掌握该种细菌对常用的抗生素耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供有效的依据.方法：样本采集区间为2012年1月至2012年12月,采集地点为内蒙古民族大学附属医院样本分离出的肺炎克雷伯菌共258株,通过采用双纸片协同扩散法检测革兰氏阴性杆菌产超广谱β—内酰胺酶,并且采用K-B法做药敏试验,对肺炎克雷伯杆菌做具体耐药性分析,最终将分析出的耐药性结果按照世界卫生组织细菌耐药性监测网提供的WHONET5.6软件进行数据统计分析,并根据美国国家临床实验标准化委员会订立的标准（2009年版）做出敏感性和耐药性的分析报告.结果：肺炎克雷伯菌在ICU、呼吸内科、神经外科分布较多.肺炎克雷伯菌及其产酶菌株耐药性强,给临床治疗带来很大麻烦,其中亚胺培南是治疗首选,另外对头孢类复合制剂药物也相对敏感.结论：临床可以使用交叉用药方案,避免耐药菌的出现.     

金属有机骨架材料的应用研究

金属有机骨架(MOFs)是由含氧、氮等的多齿有机配体(大多是芳香多酸和多碱)与过渡金属离子自组装而成的配位聚合物,本文对该材料在气体吸附、电化学、催化、载药材料等方面的应用进行了介绍。     

快速偏最小二乘法用于药物分析

简要地介绍了偏最小二乘法(PLS),并在PLS法基础上提出了快速偏最小二乘法(FPLS).研究了FPLS用于多组份药物的紫外可见分光光度分析.FPLS法具有运算速度快,结果准确可靠的优点,应用于安痛定注射液的分析,结果满意。     

Colloidal drug carriers: achievements and perspectives

Colloidal drug carriers such as liposomes and nanoparticles are able to modify the distribution of an associated substance. They can therefore be used to improve the therapeutic index of drugs by increasing their efficacy and/or reducing their toxicity. If these delivery systems are carefully designed with respect to the target and route of administration, they may provide one solution to some of the delivery problems posed by new classes of active molecules such as peptides, proteins, genes, and oligonucleotides. They may also extend the therapeutic potential of established drugs such as doxorubicin and amphotericin B. This article discusses the use of colloidal, particulate carrier systems (25 nm to 1 μm in diameter) in such applications. In particular, systems which show diminished uptake by mononuclear phagocytes are described. Specific targeting of carriers to particular tissues or cells is also considered. Received 8 April 2002; received after revision 25 June 2002; accepted 26 June 2002     

The chemistry and biology of inhibitors and pro-drugs targeted to glutathione S-transferases

The cytosolic glutathione S-transferases are a family of structurally homologous enzymes with multiple functions, including xenobiotic detoxification, clearance of oxidative stress products, and modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis signaling pathways. This wideranging functional repertoire leads to several possible therapeutic uses for isoform-specific GST inhibitors. These inhibitors may be used, in principle, to modulate tumor cell drug resistance, as sensitizers to therapeutically directed oxidative stress, to enhance cell proliferation and to augment anti-malarial drugs. With increasing knowledge of GST structural and function, rational design strategies and mechanism-based inhibitors have been exploited successfully. However, design of isoform specificity remains a significant challenge in GST inhibitor development. Strategies for further inhibitor design and their possible limitations, along with potential therapeutic uses, are summarized.Received 24 November 2004; received after revision 12 January 2005; accepted 11 February 2005     

加快后勤管理改革步伐认真服务药品检验工作

阐述了加快后勤管理改革的必要性和重要性,对山西省药品检验所如何实施后勤管理改革进行了探讨。