4个品系雌性黑腹果蝇性成熟时间的初步研究

选用1种野生型(18#)和3种突变型(e#、2#和6#)黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)为材料,通过将刚羽化的雌果蝇与成熟的雄果蝇混合培养,初步测出雌果蝇性成熟的时间.结果表明,雌果蝇在羽化后的第10~13 h便可达到性成熟,而且不同的品种其性成熟的时间有所不同,野生型(18#)雌果蝇要早于突变型.     

Chelex~100提取果蝇非新鲜标本核基因组方法的建立

引言从大量材料中提取ＤＮＡ的经典方法包括分离和纯化的过程，繁琐的操作步骤会引起提取物的污染。Ｃｈｅｌｅｘ○Ｒ１００是一种弱的阳离子螯合树脂，可以螯合一些被认为在高温、低离子强度下催化ＤＮＡ降解的金属离子［１］，在提取ＤＮＡ过程中防止ＤＮＡ的降解。此外...     

Hira基因的过量表达对果蝇早期胚胎发育的影响

Hir／Hira基因产物是组蛋白基因表达的一种负调节因子,其在果蝇发育过程中的作用还没有得到确认．本研究将果蝇Hira基因（dHira）的cDNA克隆到载体UAsP中,运用UAS—Gal4系统使其在果蝇早期胚胎中大量表达．结果发现在胚胎发育早期,无论是在头部还是在全胚胎过量表达Hira,都引起果蝇胚胎大量死亡,而且随着转基因拷贝数的增加,胚胎的死亡率也显著增加,说明Hira过量表达对果蝇胚胎发育产生严重影响．由于Hira基因产物与核小体的组装、染色质结构等的调节有关,因此推测Hira过量表达可能是通过对组蛋白的抑制对果蝇胚胎发育造成影响的．     

Differential expression and dosage compensation of theα-amylase gene inDrosphila miranda

Summary The-amylase gene ofDrosophila miranda is located on the X²-and on the neo-Y-chromosome, both developing sex chromosomes. Crosses between strains carrying different electrophoretically distinguishable alleles of the-amylase gene were performed. Females of the F₁ offspring showed the expected heterozygosity, while the males proved to be hemizygous for this locus. Only the gene on the X²-chromosome is expressed, whereas the corresponding gene on the neo-Y-chromosome is not. Estimates of the-amylase activity in crude homogenates of male and female flies suggest strongly that the-amylase gene is dosage compensated inD. miranda. In contrast to this situation, in all otherDrosophila species the-amylase allele is autosomal and hence not dosage compensated.Acknowledgments. We would like to thank Betty C. Moore, for the kind supply ofD. miranda strains. For the help and advice in the electrophoretic separation of the-amylase variants we are indebted to Dr W. Pinsker. This work was supported by a grant from the Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, P5413 (Austria).     

武汉地区5种果蝇的核型研究

报道武汉地区5种果蝇有丝分裂中期的核型,详细地描述了5种果蝇的染色体数目的形态,与国内外学者所报道的同种果蝇的核型进行了比较,对不同地理分布的同种果蝇出现的染色体差异的可能原因进行了讨论。     

Transposable element insertion patterns as test of contamination of aDrosophila melanogaster inbred line

A highly inbred line ofDrosophila melanogaster, stable for the insertion pattern of the transposable elements copia and mdg1, was experimentally contaminated by flies from another line. We show that the alien genome income is clearly detectable by the changes induced in the insertion profiles of transposable elements, even twenty generations later.     

黑腹果蝇抗真菌肽基因Drs的真核可溶性表达

将黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）抗真菌肽基因Drosomycin（Drs）克隆到pPICZα-A载体中,构建分泌型表达载体pPICZα-A-Drs,转化宿主菌Pichia pastoris X-33.在 AOX1（醇氧化酶）启动子调控下,抗真菌肽DRS成功表达,其分子量约为5 kD.抑菌试验显示,DRS对供试真菌有明显的抑菌活性.采用考马斯亮蓝法测定抗真菌肽的具体表达量,并优化了诱导条件.     

Rapid isolation of mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial DNA fromDrosophila serrata

A simple and rapid method for isolation of high quality mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is presented in this report. Using this method, isolation and restriction site maps for 10 enzymes of the mtDNA ofDrosophila serrata were established.     

Intrapopulational genetic variation in the hybridization betweenDrosophila melanogaster females andD. simulans males

Summary Intrapopulational variation on interspecific crossing ability betweenD. melanogaster andD. simulans has been measured. When themelanogaster females andsimulans males were crossed, hybridization ranged from 3 to 34%, the female component of variation being more important than the male component. This point is discussed in relation with the role played by each sex in sexual isolation.