Objectivity in confirmation: Post hoc monsters and novel predictions

The aim of this paper is to put in place some cornerstones in the foundations for an objective theory of confirmation by considering lessons from the failures of predictivism. Discussion begins with a widely accepted challenge, to find out what is needed in addition to the right kind of inferential–semantical relations between hypothesis and evidence to have a complete account of confirmation, one that gives a definitive answer to the question whether hypotheses branded as “post hoc monsters” can be confirmed. The predictivist view is then presented as a way to meet this challenge. Particular attention is paid to Worrall’s version of predictivism, as it appears to be the most sophisticated of the lot. It is argued that, despite its faults, his view turns our heads in the right direction by attempting to remove contingent considerations from confirmational matters. The demand to remove such considerations becomes the first of four cornerstones. Each cornerstone is put in place with the aim to steer clear of the sort of failures that plague various kinds of predictivism. In the process, it becomes obvious that the original challenge is wrongheaded and in need of revision. The paper ends with just such a revision.     

Failure Analysis and Design Changes of Oxygen Pump Inducers

IntroductionIn the aerospace fields,flow induced vibrationswithin a rocket engine have a significant effect onrocket reliability.However,the development ofmodern high- performance rocket pump inducershas focuses mainly on the effects of rotatingcavitation.In a recentexperiment of a new type ofrocket engine,an oxygen pump inducer wasdestroyed.Analysis of the pump showed no pittingcaused by cavitation on the surface,but obliquefractures in the inlet blade.Figures 1 and 2illustrate the seriously…     

一类布线问题求解的判别准则和算法

在已有的判决图的基础上,定义了方向性及导出判决图,找到了一个判断布线问题中的1-嵌入问题是否有解的准则和基于此判别准则的算法,并在此基础上进一步研究了禁用构形,找到了1-嵌入问题有解的另一个判别准则.     

三峡小江回水区水体光学特征及分析

为探讨三峡水库运行初期小江回水区水体的光学特性,研究了2008年1月至12月期间小江回水区5个断面可见光衰减系数Kd(PAR)与透明度的时空分布特征及二者的相关性,进一步分析了可见光衰减系数与透明度、悬浮物浓度、溶解性有机物及叶绿素等水质指标的相关关系。研究区域可见光衰减系数和透明度空间分布差异不明显,但季节变化显著。可见光衰减系数在0.23~4.82 m-1之间变化,均值为(1.03±0.07) m-1,冬季最高,夏季最低。统计分析表明,可见光衰减系数与透明度有显著的相关性(R2=0.7791),表明两者可相互反演。与总颗粒态物质浓度,总无机颗粒态物质浓度的相关性显著(R2 =0.728 5,R2=0.763 7),与溶解性有机碳有一定的相关性(R2=0.128 9),与叶绿素a相关性不明显(R2=0.006),分析表明总无机颗粒态物质是小江回水区水体光学特征的最主要影响因素。     

超欧拉图判定方法的一个注记

通过对图的奇顶点的导出子图做研究,得到了由奇顶点的导出子图的性质判定图的超欧拉性的方法,即当图的奇顶点的导出子图满足一定性质时,可得出图的超欧拉性.     

步长为1和n/2循环图的导出匹配可扩性研究

如果一个图的任何一个导出匹配都能包含在一个完美匹配当中,就称之为导出匹配可扩的.对有2n个顶点x1,x2,…,x2n的图,如果对于i-j≡±1(mod2n)或者i-j≡±n2(mod2n)的i和j,均有xixj∈E(G),则称其为步长为1和n2的循环图,记为C2n(1,2n).本文的主要结论为:C2n(1,2n),n#4,是导出匹配可扩的.     

壳聚糖对大豆种子萌发及诱导幼苗抗根腐病效果研究

研究了壳聚糖对大豆种子萌发的影响及诱导大豆对大豆根腐病的抗病性表现.结果表明:1.0mL/L壳聚糖处理大豆种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数最高;1.0mL/L的壳聚糖诱导效果最好,达65.45%,在诱导处理后第5d表现出最高诱导效果;0.1-2.0mL/L的壳聚糖对尖孢镰刀菌菌丝生长无抑制作用,但可抑制孢子萌发.     

多变量网络控制系统建模与稳定性分析

研究了一类多变量网络控制系统的建模和稳定性问题,基于线性时不变对象,推导了该类网络控制系统的时滞连续时间数学模型,并利用李雅普诺夫第二法,分析了系统的渐近稳定性,得到了系统稳定运行的最大允许时延和全时滞稳定的条件。最后,通过实例仿真分析证实了本文所提理论的有效性,以及稳定判据的可行性。     

镍诱导纳米晶硅薄膜的生长

采用磁控溅射方法制备了含镍过渡层的富纳米晶硅二氧化硅薄膜．对薄膜退火后的微观结构和发光性能进行了试验分析．结果表明,在高温退火后,有Ni过渡层的富纳米晶硅薄膜较没有Ni过渡层的薄膜具有更高的纳米晶硅密度和更强的室温光致发光强度．对试验结果进行热力学分析后,认为NiSi2作为纳米晶硅的形核中心诱导了薄膜的分相和纳米晶硅生长．     

试论我国二倍工资罚则的不足与完善

我国的二倍工资罚则存在以下争议:二倍工资的法律性质是劳动报酬还是赔偿;劳动者拒签,用人单位是否需要支付二倍工资;事后补签劳动合同,用人单位是否需要支付二倍工资;合同期满后未续签劳动合同,用人单位是否需要支付二倍工资.它在实施过程中存在以下问题:劳动者签订劳动合同的责任不明确;用工之日的内涵不确定;一个月签约宽限期的适用范围模糊;二倍工资支付的期限不具体.今后立法应当从以下几个方面加以完善:区别规定未签订书面劳动合同的责任;明确劳动者签订劳动合同的配合义务;明确规定二倍工资支付的具体期限;界定用工之日和宽限期的适用范围.