腰子形薄壳在内压作用下内力和变形的一种实用计算方法

本文利用对称性、能量原理和板条梁对“腰子形薄壳”的计算进行简化,给出了“腰子形薄壳”在内压作用下内力和变形的一种实用计算方法。该方法避免了求精确解的繁冗计算,具有一定的精确性,能满足工程初步设计的要求。     

蜂窝结构在面内剪力作用下的变形模式

本文建立了等壁厚与非等壁厚蜂窝结构在面内剪力作用下的变形模式,导出了等壁厚与非等壁厚蜂窝结构的面内折合剪切模量G_(xy)的计算公式。     

直齿圆柱齿轮三维本体温度场和热变形的研究

本文研究了直齿圆柱齿轮的本体温度场和热变形.同时对齿轮传动中双齿啮合区间两对齿之间的载荷分配问题和一对啮合齿面间的摩擦热流分配问题也进行了研究.文中实现了直齿圆柱齿轮三维本体温度场的有限元计算,探讨了齿宽、载荷、速度、端面散热系数等因素对三维温度场的影响.本文还就热变形问题进行了计算,为轮齿修形提供了依椐.计算结果表明,当载荷沿齿宽分布不均匀时,热变形有可能导致热弹性失稳.     

弹塑性本构方程的一般关系式

本文导出了比较普遍适用的弹塑性流动法则及本构方程,可以考虑应力应变模式的非线性性及其在弹性阶段和塑性阶段的非连续性;推出了正交流动法则成立的条件,并导出了塑性应变增量偏离正交方向的角度表达式以及判断变形处于硬化、软化还是理想塑性状态的计算关系式。     

光量子辐射的经典力学模型和图象

本文以经典物理学概念和牛顿理论为基础,大胆地提出和探讨了光的有质辐射过程及其弹性动力学模型。在引进一些新概念的基础上,本文建立了一组数理方程,进而给出了质、能、力、形均十分明确的光辐射过程和运动图象。由于本模型自然合理地用牛顿运动定律演绎了光的粒弦转换,所以它清晰地展现了光的波粒二象性并与现有光学理论完全兼容。同时,本模型从更基本的角度探讨了能量量子化的实质,在经典物理学（而非相对论）框架内严格论证了辐射物质（而非普通物质）的质能相当关系式。“质”和“力”的概念被定量引入模型的讨论。一个重要的结果是,光在自由真空中以弹性弦的形式存在和恒速传播。辐射场的机械力学本质和结构图象因此得到新的揭示。     

基于颗粒非连续变形法的路基桩网结构土拱效应

桩网路基由于其施工工期短和沉降变形小等优点在中国铁路和公路建设中得到了广泛的应用。为研究桩网路基中土拱效应的机理和影响因素,采用非连续变形分析方法(discontinuous deformation analysis, DDA),通过改变路基高度、桩间净距和土工格栅参数建立了九种不同模型。结果表明：数值结果与实验结果吻合良好,验证了非连续变形分析方法在模拟路基桩网结构土拱效应上的可行性;随着路基高度的增加,土拱产生的作用逐渐显著,等沉面高度稳定为0.8～0.85倍桩间净距;桩间净距对桩土应力比峰值时刻有明显影响,随着桩间净距的减小,桩顶接受来自路基荷载传递的压力增大,桩土应力比达到峰值的速度加快。桩间净距的减小会导致等沉面高度的下降;加入土工格栅后,桩网结构所产生的桩土应力比与未加入土工格栅的相比更大,说明土工格栅可有效提高路基强度。     

西香高速泸沽湖特大型桥梁处碎石土力学特性研究

针对桥梁重力锚布设对碎石土堆积体稳定性的影响问题,文章以西香高速泸沽湖特大型桥梁为例,围绕该处碎石土的力学特征与变形参数,采用室内大型三轴试验与PFC-FLAC耦合的数值仿真技术,建立柔性边界条件下的三轴试验模型,分析该碎石土的变形破坏特征以及力学机制变化规律。研究结果表明：在三轴试验中围压与初始弹性模量Ei呈正相关性,随着碎石土试样中粗颗粒料含量增加,内聚力会减少而内摩擦角增加;拟合得到该处碎石土试样破坏强度与围压的线性关系式：σcre=2.95σ3+176.105;三轴试样在低围压下,上下锥形区域持续压密吸收能量,碎石土试样内部出现两条剪切带,整体呈“X”形,随着围压的增加,能量出现冗余并向剪切带外扩散,产生新的裂隙,掩盖了剪切带的区域化特征,导致剪切带逐渐减少并在围压达到400kPa时消失。该研究结果对碎石土堆积体稳定性问题具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。     

Tensile deformation behavior of a solution-treated Ti-33Nb-4Sn alloy with a dual β and α" phases under cyclic loading-unloading

The cyclical tensile deformation behavior of a solution-treated(ST) Ti-33Nb-4Sn alloy with a dual β and α "phases was investigated in this study.Experimental results indicated that the ST Ti-33Nb-4Sn alloy exhibited different deformation behavior during two different loading-unloading cycles,and that the deformation behavior was closely related to the characteristics of stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation,mainly including the extent and the reversibility of SIM transformation.During the first cycle,the extensive and incompletely reversible SIM transformation occurred,resulting in notable "double yielding" during loading and residual permanent strain after unloading.In the second cycle,however,a slight and reverse SIM transformation,together with pure elastic deformation,taken place concurrently,giving rise to a recoverable nonlinear deformation behavior.Our results also imply that by tailing the characteristics of SIM transformation,the Ti-based alloys with a mixture of α" and β phases might perform recoverable deformation and possess a promising potential for engineering applications.     

江苏某岩质边坡监测系统设计与分析

结合江苏某高速公路岩质边坡开挖监测项目,根据该工程的地质条件和特点,介绍一种监测岩质边坡的技术方案。通过对其水平位移监测、垂直位移监测等变形监测方法采集到的数据进行分析,对该边坡的稳定性进行评价。     

A new quantitative relation between deformation textures and corresponding mechanical properties of FCC metals

Quantitative analysis of deformation-induced textures and texture-induced mechanical properties is an important issue for optimal design and control of plastic forming of metals.Deformation-induced textures were predicted through the crystal plasticity finite-element method(CPFEM)in this study,and varying deformation modes,including uniaxial compression,uniaxial tension,simple shear,and plane-strain compression,were considered.The predicted textures were proven by experiments.Then,a theoretical model was proposed to build the quantitative relation between textures and the corresponding mechanical properties.This model takes into account the effects of grain’s orientation,grain’s interaction,and the property in the level of single grain.It captures the macroscopic anisotropy owing to textures and microscopic anisotropy owing to crystallographic structures.By applying this model,the macroscopic stress responses of grains’aggregate with varying textures were calculated according to grain’s orientations and the intrinsic properties of the single crystal along[100]and[111]crystallographic directions.The theoretical model is proven to have high efficiency and acceptable accuracy in the prediction of texture-induced mechanical properties comparing with CPFEM model.