关于宋琬生平的几个问题

针对近年来宋琬研究现状,文章将宋琬第一次被捕入狱的原因等五个问题提出来作了辨析,指出宋琬第一次被捕入狱同当时的“告密”风气和他的“文字馀孽”有关;宋琬第一次出狱后没有京官外任调芜湖抽分,而是在吏部继续供职;此后循序量移至顺治十八年晋升为浙江按察使,而不是山东按察使;宋琬两次入狱,身心备受折磨,但他乐天知命,顽强抗争,表现出“威武不能屈”精神,人品极高;宋琬康熙十一年起补四川按察使,十二年入蜀,十三年(1674)卒于京师。     

宛西地方精英投身乡村建设的动因分析

20世纪20～30年代宛西社会的持续衰退和动荡,给各阶层民众的生活造成严重危害,人们对现实强烈不满,对地方政权彻底失望,一种普遍期望太平的求治之心愈加迫切。正是在这种情势下,宛西地方精英迅速崛起,他们立志图新,整顿时局,自行处理地方事务,推行自治建设。     

大亚湾核电站概率风险分析

大亚湾核电站的概率风险分析（ＰＲＡ）项目于１９９８年１２月通过了国际原子能机构（ＩＡＥＡ）的同行评审,ＩＡＥＡ专家对大亚湾核电站的ＰＲＡ给予了充分的肯定,认为大亚湾核电站在ＰＲＡ领域已建立了良好的基础,本文介绍了大亚湾核电站最新的一级概率风险分析结果．     

环磷酰胺化疗所致骨髓抑制的中药(寿胎丸)干预研究

用骨髓有核细胞和白细胞计数的方法研究了化疗药物环磷酰胺(CTX)对小鼠骨髓的抑制作用和中药寿胎丸(FPP)的干预效应.结果表明: 1) CTX有明显的骨髓抑制作用,表现在骨髓有核细胞和外周血白细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05);2) FPP对CTX所致的骨髓抑制有显著的干预效应,表现在明显减弱CTX骨髓抑制所造成的骨髓有核细胞和外周血白细胞数量的减少;3) 白细胞着丝粒蛋白B(CenpB)的表达水平与骨髓抑制及骨髓抑制干预效应明显相关(P＜0.05),可作为一种检测指标.     

桂枝茯苓丸联用顺铂紫杉醇化疗提高卵巢癌多药耐药模型裸鼠生存率

研究桂枝茯苓丸逆转人卵巢癌耐顺铂细胞株(SKOV3/DDP)肿瘤模型的耐药作用及其对荷瘤BALB/c裸鼠生存率的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用Cell Counting Kit-8试剂盒检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性;采用SKOV3/DDP细胞建立卵巢癌耐药肿瘤模型,模型BALB/c裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(高)、8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(中)、4g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(低)剂量(中药组)、顺铂/紫杉醇组(化疗组)、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸与化疗联用组(中西联用组)和空白对照组,检测各处理组的抑瘤率。观察各组BALB/c裸鼠的生存情况;并采用荧光定量PCR检测各组肿瘤组织中MDR1 mRNA的相对表达。结果是SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.13倍和3.85倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,抑瘤作用增强,裸鼠生存率提高,肿瘤组织MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组逐渐下降。西药化疗组在耐药模型裸鼠中的抑瘤效果高于中药组,中西药联用后抑瘤效果显著高于西药化疗组;与其他各组相比,西药化疗组的裸鼠平均体重明显下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。中西联用组裸鼠生存率高于桂枝茯苓丸低剂量组和西药化疗组。西药化疗组MDR1mRNA表达相对于对照组显著增加,中西药联用组MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组显著下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。说明桂枝茯苓丸能够逆转SKOV3/DDP耐药性卵巢癌模型裸鼠的耐药性,提高裸鼠生存率,其机制可能与抑制MDR1 mRNA表达有关。     

Twenty-five years of change in scleractinian coral communities of Daya Bay （northern South China Sea） and its response to the 2008 AD extreme cold climate event

Coral reefs worldwide are becoming increasingly and detrimentally impacted upon by a variety of factors including significant climate changes, such as global warming and increased El Nino-Southern Oscillation activity. Generally, the persistence of coral reefs, especially at low-latitudes, is governed, in part, by sea surface temperatures not exceeding the critical limit （-30℃） at which mass mortality can occur. Thus, it is thought that corals living at high-latitudes （i.e., currently cooler sea surface temperatures） will likely respond more favourably to hypothesized future temperature increases than corals living at low-latitudes （i.e., currently warmer sea surface temperatures）. Consequently, high-latitude coral communities may have the potential to act as regions of refugia for many coral species in the face of potential future global warming. The Daya Bay （22°31′--22°50′N）, northern South China Sea, contains several high-latitude non-reefal coral communities and represents one of the most northerly distributions of scleractinian corals within the region. Significantly, Daya Bay has experienced dramatic warming in both air and sea surface temperatures throughout the past 50 years. In this paper, we analyze 25 years of change in the Daya Bay coral communities, based both on historic surveys and our latest 2006--2008 regional ecological surveys. Our results suggest that, contrary to predictions, there have been significant declines in coral cover within the Daya Bay during the past 25 years （i.e., 76.6% coral cover in 1983/1984 to only 15.3% coral cover by 2008）. Such changes also reflect a significant shift in the most abundant coral species, from Acropora pruinosa to Favites abdita. Most of the modern coral communities became established between 15 and 30 years ago, corresponding to a period of increased winter sea surface temperature. However, very few colonies have become established within the last 15 years, despite a more intense period of warming. By taking into account additional factors, we hypothesize that direct anthropogenic impacts, rather than climatic events, have both restricted the development, and drove the decline, of Daya Bay coral communities in the last 15 years. The Daya Bay has also been subjected to occasional extreme cold events during the past 50 years, with the most recent occurring in early 2008 （13 January-13 February）. During the 2008 cold event, the lowest air temperature reaches only 6.6℃, and the mean sea surface temperature for February fall to 〈 14℃, including six continuous days at 12.3℃. Significantly, the sea surface temperatures fall below the hypothesized critical lower temperature threshold （-13℃） that commonly leads to mass mortality in scleractinian coral communities. Surprisingly, our coral community surveys, conducted both before （August 2007） and after （late February 2008） the extreme 2008 cold event, demonstrate that the Daya Bay coral ecosystems are barely impacted upon during the cold period. Those observations suggest that the Daya Bay scleractinian coral communities have developed adaptations to low sea surface temperatures. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that high-latitude coral communities, such as Daya Bay, have the potential to act as areas of refugia for scleractinian corals in the advent of potential future global warming.     

《水经·汾水注》两“介山”辨

《水经·汾水注》对于晋文公谋士介子推所隐之山（介山）有两种解释,一为介休绵山说（在今晋中市介休市）,一为万荣孤山说（在今运城市万荣县）。二者之中,介休绵山说流传广于万荣介山说,然对于介子推究竟隐于何山,世人对此却多有争论。通过考证,认定晋文公时期介子推可能隐匿之＂介山＂为今山西万荣县孤山,而非介休市绵山。     

宛希先被错杀的原因及历史教训

宛希先在井冈山革命根据地的创建过程中,作出了巨大贡献。但由于主客观多方面的原因,他于1930年2月被错杀。宛希先之死留给我们许多深刻的历史教训,同时也启迪我们在构建社会主义和谐社会中,我们党必须正确处理各种利益关系,加强团结,以党内和谐促进社会和谐。     

小水库除险加固工程的环境影响评价

文章以田家湾水库除险加固工程为例,依据国家相关法律法规,对施工期的环境影响进行了评价,并提出了环保措施。     

店湾煤业老空水防治方法探讨

大量小煤矿关闭后形成的积水,使得水害治理难度加大,严重威胁着矿井安全.本文介绍了同煤集团店湾煤业防治老空积水技术,总结出了探、放、排老空水的防治水方法.