大鼠,家兔,蟾蜍肝组织核酸含量的检测及与进化关系的研究

应用比色法对大鼠、家兔、蟾蜍三组动物肝组织核酸含量进行测定，发现肝组织核酸含量以蟾蜍最多，大鼠次之，家兔最少，ＲＮＡ／Ｄ比值则以大鼠最大，家鼠次之，蟾蜍最小，表明三组动物肝组织核酸含量与其他进化程度无相关性，与ＲＮＡ／ＤＮＡ比值有关。     

正链RNA病毒基因组的复制

许多正链RNA病毒是严重危害人类健康的病原体,是造成经济植物动物死亡的致病因子.正链RNA病毒的基因组为正链RNA,其复制酶是依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶,非编码区是病毒基因组复制的主要调控位点,3’非编码区是复制酶的第一结合位点,正链RNA病毒基因组大多可能按copy-back模型进行复制.瘟病毒基因组的复制过程出现正链复制本的数量大于负链复制本的数量,这可能是以RF中间体的负链RNA为模板、正链RNA被置换的形式进行复制的结果.本文概述了HCV细胞培养系统的研究进展.     

PTTG基因对人垂体瘤细胞侵袭能力的影响

目的：本研究的目的在于PITG基因过表达及沉默对人垂体瘤细胞侵袭力的影响,探讨其与垂体瘤细胞侵袭性的关系及调控机制。方法：用脂质体转染携带PTTG基因的表达质粒,构建过表达PTTG基因的垂体细胞株,观察细胞形态。另外我们运用脂质体转染PITGsiRNA对垂体瘤中的PITG基因进行干扰;利用Western blot技术检测其基沉默效应;通过Transwell小室法测定垂体瘤细胞侵袭能力的改变。结果：转染PITG siRNA后,垂体瘤细胞中PTIG的mRNA转录和蛋白表达受抑,显著低于未经处理的垂体瘤细胞（P〈0.01）。利用PTTGsiRNA对PTTG进行RNA干扰后,垂体瘤细胞的侵袭能力下降。结论：（1）在正常垂体细胞中过表达PTTG基因也可以引起细胞癌变,增强侵袭能力。（2）设计的PTTG siRNA能有效抑制体外培养垂体瘤细胞中PTTG的mRNA转录和蛋白表达水平,实现其基因沉默效应。PTTG与人垂体瘤的侵袭能力密切相关,其表达水平下降导致细侵袭能力降低。     

Polyamine-dependent gene expression

The polyamines spermidine and spermine along with the diamine putrescine are involved in many cellular processes, including chromatin condensation, maintenance of DNA structure, RNA processing, translation and protein activation. The polyamines influence the formation of compacted chromatin and have a well-established role in DNA aggregation. Polyamines are used in the posttranslational modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A, which regulates the transport and processing of specific RNA. The polyamines also participate in a novel RNA-decoding mechanism, a translational frameshift, of at least two known genes, the TY1 transposon and mammalian antizyme. Polyamines are crucial for their own regulation and are involved in feedback mechanisms affecting both polyamine synthesis and catabolism. Recently, it has become apparent that the polyamines are able to influence the action of the protein kinase casein kinase 2. Here we address several roles of polyamines in gene expression.Received 27 November 2002; received after revision 9 January 2003; accepted 31 January 2003     

A simple and effective method for total RNA isolation of appressoria in Magnaporthe oryzae

Appressorium formation is an important event in establishing a successful interaction between the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, and its host plant, rice. An understanding of molecular events occurring in appressorium differentiation will give new strategies to control rice blast. A quick and reliable method to extract total RNA from appressorium is essential for studying gene expression during appressorium formation and its mechanism. We found that duplicate film is an efficient substratum for appressorium formation, even when inoculated with high density conidia. When inoculated with conidia at 1 × 106 ml^-1, the percentages of conidium germination and appressorium formation were （97.98±0.67）% and （97.88±0.45）%, respectively. We applied Trizol before appressorium collection for total RNA isolation, and as much as 113.6 lag total RNA was isolated from the mature appressoria at 24 h after inoculation. Functional analysis of two genes, MNH6 and MgATG1, isolated from the cDNA subtractive library, revealed that the quantity of RNA was good enough to construct a cDNA （complementary DNA） library or a cDNA subtractive library. This method may be also applicable for the appressorium RNA isolation of other pathogenic fungi in which conidia differentiate into appressoria in the early stages of host infection.     

家蚕非编码RNA Bm-152功能初探

Bm-152是前期研究中发现的一个在家蚕丝腺中高表达的非编码RNA.采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对Bm-152在家蚕5龄到预蛹期不同发育天数丝腺中的表达谱进行检测.同时,在个体中过表达Bm-152,检测Bm-152可能参与的信号通路.结果显示,Bm-152在家蚕5龄幼虫丝腺发育过程中无明显的变化规律,但在吐丝第1天表达量较高,随后表达量又下降.通过在血淋巴中注射2μg piggyBac[A3-EGFP-A3-Bm-152]过表达载体,48h后发现Bm-152在丝腺组织中无明显过表达,但在非丝腺组织中可实现明显过表达,且表达量上调1.66倍;蜕皮激素信号通路基因Usp在非丝腺组织中上调1.95倍,E75A在非丝腺组织中上调2.26倍,保幼激素信号通路基因Met在非丝腺组织中上调1.79倍.表明非编码RNA Bm-152可能通过蜕皮激素和保幼激素信号通路参与家蚕发育,该结果为进一步探索Bm-152的功能提供了方向.     

2株黄瓜花叶病毒卫星RNA的cDNA克隆及序列分析

在辣椒上获得2株黄瓜花叶病毒卫星RNA(CS1和CS2),通过cDNA克隆和测序并将其与35个已知的卫星RNA序列进行同源比较．结果表明,CS1和CS2的全长序列分别为336,382nt;与CS2、Rs和Yns比较,CS1从第80位起有连续30多个核苷酸的缺失．由此推测,卫星RNA的二级结构也随这些核苷酸的缺失而发生了改变．将CMV卫星RNA分为4个组,卫星RNA CS1属于中小卫星组小卫星亚组Ⅱ,CS2属于长卫星组,CS1与其他来源的卫星RNA的同源性为80．4％～93．7％,CS2与其他来源的卫星RNA的同源性则为75％～94．8％;两之间的序列同源性为86％．CMV卫星RNA的序列同源性和分组与卫星RNA分布的地区和寄主来源并无直接联系．     

RNA干扰技术及用于基因治疗的研究现状

RNAi是双链RNA介导的转录后基因沉默作用的重要机制之一,笔者主要介绍了RNAi技术的原理和用于基因治疗的研究现状.