黑麦KingⅡ中白粉病抗性基因的染色体定位

寻找新的白粉病抗源对促进小麦白粉病抗性育种有重要意义.黑麦是重要的白粉病抗源之一,加强对黑麦白粉病抗性调查的研究也将有利于小麦育种.本实验调查了黑麦KingⅡ及衍生自中国春×黑麦KingⅡ的一套小麦一黑麦附加系的白粉病抗性.结果表明,黑麦KingⅡ对白粉病免疫,附加系中除3R和6R附加系对白粉病表现免疫外,其余5个附加系都高感白粉病.该结果表明3R和6R染色体上的白粉病抗性基因可以在小麦背景中得到表达.这为将黑麦白粉病抗性基因导入小麦提供了直接的桥梁材料.     

低氢、运动及低氢训练对肝细胞凋亡影响的研究进展

低氧与健康的研究是近年来临床医学、环境医学、航空航天医学和运动医学的研究重点问题之一。从肝细胞凋亡的角度研究运动对肝细胞的影响及其与运动性疲劳之间的关系,对科学制定训练计划等具有重要的意义。低氧训练使机体处于更加缺血和缺氧状态,血液的重新分配,使肝脏出现暂时的缺血,运动强度降低后血液重新回流形成血液再灌注,导致肝损伤,诱导细胞凋亡。细胞凋亡的过低或过高都导致疾病的发生。肝细胞凋亡的异常在急、慢性肝损伤的发病机制中起着重要的作用。就有关低氧、运动及低氧训练对肝细胞凋亡的影响,引起凋亡发生的基因调控及机制进行相关综述。     

五指山猪生长激素基因全序列克隆及序列分析

通过筛选一对引物，PCR扩增五指山小型猪GH基因全序列，并进行克隆测序分析、序列分析及氨基酸分析．结果表明，有98个位点不同，同源性为95．026％，外显子有2个碱基发生了突变，其中外显子2有1个位点的碱基突变导致了氨基酸异义取代。     

转植酸酶基因海水小球藻生理生化的初步研究

从42个转植酸酶基因小球藻单克隆藻株中筛选出植酸酶产量较高的8个株藻,经过7次传代,各藻株的植酸酶活保持在稳定的状态,证实植酸酶基因在小球藻中获得了稳定表达.对转基因小球藻所产生植酸酶的性质进行了初步研究,结果表明此酶最适作用pH值为3.8和6.0,最适作用温度为65℃.在相同培养条件下,转基因藻与未转基因藻生理指标并无明显差异,说明外源植酸酶基因的转入对小球藻的生长及生理指标无明显影响.     

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase gene was first discovered in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3

Bacterium strain PJ3,isolated from wastewater and identified as Arthrobacter sp. bacterium based on its 16S rDNA gene,could use carbazole as the sole carbon,nitrogen and energy source. The genomic library of strain PJ3 was constructed and a positive clone JM109(pUCW402) was screened out for the expression of dioxygenase by the ability to form yellow ring-fission product. A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase(23DHBD) gene of 933 bp was found in the 3360 bp exogenous fragment of pUCW402 by GenSCAN software and BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 23DHBD from strain PJ3 formed a deep branch separate from a cluster containing most known 23DHBD in GenBank. Southern hybridization confirmed for the first time that the 23DHBD gene was from the genomic DNA of Arthrobacter sp. PJ3. In order to test the gene function,recombinant bacterium BL21(pETW-8) was constructed to express 23DHBD. The expression level in BL21(pETW-8) was highest compared with the recombinant bacteria JM109(pUCW402) and strain PJ3. We observed that 23DHBD was not absolute specific. The enzyme activity was higher with 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl as a substrate than with catechol. The substrate specificity assay suggested that 23DHBD was essential for cleavage of bi-cyclic aromatic compounds during the course of aromatic compound biodegradation in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3.     

The c-myc coding DNA sequences of cyprinids （Teleostei： Cypriniformes）： Implications for phylogeny

The family Cyprinidae is one of the largest fish families in the world, which is widely distributed in East Asian, with obvious difference in characteristic size among species. The phylogeneUc analysis of cyprinid taxa based on the functionally important genes can help to understand the speciation and functional divergence of the Cyprinidae. The c-myc gene is an important gene regulating individual growth. In the present study, the sequence variations of the cyprinid c-myc gene and their phylogenetic significance were analyzed. The 41 complete sequences of the c-myc gene were obtained from cyprinids and outgroups through PCR amplification and clone. The coding DNA sequences of the c-myc gene were used to infer molecular phylogenetic relationships within the Cyprinidae. Myxocyprinus asiaticus （Catostomidae）, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus （CobiUdae） and Hemimyzon sinensis （Homalopteridae） were assigned to the outgroup taxa. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony （MP）, maximum likelihood （ML）, and Bayesian retrieved similar topology. Within the Cyprinidae, Leuciscini and Barbini formed the monophyletic lineage respectively with high nodal supports. Leuciscini comprises Xenocyprinae, CuItrinae, East Asian species of Leuciscinae and Danioninae, Gobioninae and Acheilognathinae, and Barbini contains Schizothoracinae, Barbinae, Cyprininae and Labeoninae. Danio rerio, D. myersi and Rasbora trilineata were supposed to separate from Leuciscinae and Barbini and to form another lineage. The positions of some Danioninae species were still unresolved. Analyses of both amino acid variation with parsimony information and two high variation regions indicated that there is no correlation between variations of single amino acid or high variation regions and characteristic size of cyprinids. In addition, the species with smaller size were usually found to be basal within clades in the tree, which might be the results of the adaptation to the primitive ecology and survival pressure.     

江苏汉族人生长激素受体基因多态性研究

为了解生长激素受体(GHR)基因多态性在江苏汉族人群中的分布,通过多重PCR及PCR-RFLP的方法对269例江苏地区正常汉族人进行GHR基因3个位点的多态性分析,并与文献中报道的其它种族和地区的人群进行比较分析.结果显示江苏地区汉族正常人群中GHR基因型以fl/fl、I/L、P/P发生频率最高,这种分布在男女之间没有差异,与其它地区汉族人比较没有明显差异,与日本人差异也不明显,而与法国、俄罗斯人差异明显.研究表明,GHR基因3个位点多态性在不同种族之间分布存在着明显的差异,这种差异有可能是导致不同种族间人体测量学差异及对一些疾病的易感性及对药物的反应性不同的因素之一.     

重组人脂联素基因构建、表达、纯化及活性鉴定

根据脂联素cDNA序列设计并合成9条寡聚核苷酸片段,经重叠PCR技术获得重组人脂联素基因.构建pET-22b( )/ADPN表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达.目的蛋白以包涵体的形式表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上.表达产物通过Ni-NTA柱纯化,SDS-PAGE分析显示,其分子量约为30 ku,与预期结果一致.内皮细胞生长抑制实验证实,重组人脂联素生理浓度下具有抑制人内皮细胞生长的活性并呈时间依赖性.以上工作为进一步研究脂联素的生物学功能奠定了基础.     

水稻16kDa醇溶蛋白启动子克隆及载体构建

水稻种子16 kDa醇溶蛋白是水稻种子成熟过程中,由16 kDa基因编码,16 kDa醇溶蛋白启动子调控,在胚乳中特异表达的蛋白质.以水稻基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增技术得到16 kDa启动子片段,序列分析结果表明:获得的启动子片段的大小为931 bp,与已报道的该启动子序列相比较,其核苷酸序列同源性为99.9%.该启动子区域含有TATA-box,CAAT-box,GCN4基序,Prolamin-box等胚乳特异表达启动子所必需的正调控元件.利用该启动子构建了植物种子特异表达载体pC16 kDP.