Electrostatic effect on electron transfer between cytochrome b5 and cytochrome c

The binding and electron transfer between wild type, E44A, E56A, E44/56A, E44/48/56A/D60Aand F35Y variants of cytochrome b5 and cytochrome c were studied. When mixed with cytochrome c, the cytochrome b5E44/48/56A/D60A did not show the typical UV-vis difference spectrum of absorption, indicating that the alteration ofthe surface electrostatic potential obviously influenced the spectrum. The electron transfer rates of wild type cytochromeb5, its variants and cytochrome e at different temperature and ionic strength exhibited an order of F35Y > wild type >E56A > E44A > E44/48/56A/D60A. The enthalpy and entropy of the reaction did not change obviously, suggestingthat the mutation did not significantly disturb the electron transfer conformation. The investigation of electron transfer rateconstants at different ionic strength demonstrated that electrostatic interaction obviously affected the electron transfer pro-cess. The significant difference of Cyt b5 F35Y and E44/48/56A/D60A from the wild type protein further confirmed thegreat importance of the electrostatic interaction in the protein electron transfer.     

新型苯基醚类苯并呋喃衍生物的合成

以水杨醛与2-溴-4’-氟苯乙酮为原料,合成2-(4-氟苯甲酰基)苯并呋喃,进一步与酚反应,合成得到6个新的苯基醚类苯并呋喃衍生物(2a~2f),其结构经IR、1H NMR和13C NMR进行了表征.     

A new species of the genus Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 from Vietnam (Squamata: Colubridae)

ABSTRACT

A new species of Liopeltis from central Vietnam is described based on morphological and molecular differences. Liopeltis pallidonuchalis sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: one single (or missing) loreal; one single nasal shield; dorsal scales in 15–15-15 rows, all smooth; 1 preocular, 2 postoculars and 1 + 2 temporals; 7 supralabials, of which 3^rd and 4^th in contact with the eye; 8 infralabials; nasal contacting internasal; prefrontal touching or separated from supralabials; ventral scales 126–138; subcaudal scales 67–73, paired; relative tail length about 0.274–0.301; an uniform bronze body colouration; a thin postocular stripe extending from eye to end of the neck becoming indistinct posteriorly. The new species differs from the morphologically closest species Liopeltis frenata by the lower number of ventrals and subcaudals, by characteristic colouration and significant divergence in cytochrome b mtDNA gene sequences (p = 15.3–15.6%). The new species is currently known from northen and central parts of the Annamite (Truong Son) Mountains, central Vietnam, and was recorded from montane evergreen tropical forests of Kon Tum–Gia Lai Plateau (Gia Lai and Thua Thien–Hue provinces, Da Nang City) at elevations of 950–1010 m asl to karst tropical forests in Quang Binh Province in the north at elevation 150 asl. We suggest the new species should be considered as Vulnerable (VU) following the IUCN’s Red List categories. An updated taxonomic key to the Liopeltis species is provided.     

黄河鮈Cytb基因克隆及其在鮈属中的系统发育

采用聚合酶链式反应克隆黄河鮈线粒体细胞色素b基因 (Cyt b),首次报道了该基因的全长序列(1140bp,FJ904648) ,并与鮈属中其他6个物种的Cyt b 基因进行同源性比较,分析了碱基组成和变异情况,以马口鱼属的马口鱼和鯝属的云南鯝作为外群构建了ML和NJ系统发育树.遗传距离和分子系统学分析表明,黄河鮈与犬首鮈具有较低的遗传距离(6.30%),在系统发育树上两者聚在一起,提示黄河鮈与犬首鮈存在较近的亲缘关系.     

关于正整数解（a,b,k）型可加划分的一个注解

讨论在a是偶数 ,b与k都是奇数 ,且a≥ - 2k ,-k≤b <- 2k的条件下 ,(a ,b,k) (k <0 )型可加划分存在的充要条件 ,以及划分个数的计算公式     

Effect of P15INK4b expression on the cell cycle and G1 phase related regulatory genes in human melanoma cells

Using the transfeetion teehnique. P15INK4b was introduced into P15INk4b gene deleted human melanoma A375 cells,and a cell model MLED6 overexpressing P15INK4b WAS CONSTRUCTED.Comparing with the control cells MLC2,MLEK6cells in G1phase increased by 11%,but those in Sphase decreased by 15%by FCM.By the method of thymidine(TdR)and N2O arresting,the proportions of synchronized Mphase cells of MLEK6 ana MLC23 were measured and found to be 89.1% and 76.8%respectively ,and the cells in G1phase were 74.3% for MLID6 AND 76. 4% forMLC2.The result of3 H-TdR incorporation indicated that the transition of G1/Sof MLEK6 cell was delayed 2h as compared with that of MLC2 cells,and incorporation rate also decreased.The observation on exprissions of some G1/ S-resates relatory rigusating genes showed that in MLIK6 cells the protein leves of P27KIPI increased with the decreasing expressions of cyclinD1,cyclinE and c-myc,especially cyclinD1 in late G1phade.The expression of cyclinE obviously decreased at G1/S transition ,and c-myc wad inhibited throughout all the process of G1 S phase.All the risults suggest that P15INK4b can delayG1/S transition of MLEK6 cells by inhibiting the cell cycle engine ,and by increasing the expression of Cdk ingibitor P27KIPI in different stages of G1 phase.     

浅谈动作技能形成中创造性思维的培养

体育教学的任务之一，是培养学生的动作技能，而动作技能的学习和掌握是智力和体力活动的结合，需要思维，尤其是创造性思维的参与。本文就创造性思维在体育运动中的特点谈谈在动作技能形成过程中创造性思维的培养。     

圈和分数[a,b]-因子

设1≤a，a 2≤b是整数,设G是一个具有圈c的图，且其阶|G|≥(a b)(2a b 1)／b,当δ(G)≥a 2且max|dG(x)，dG(Y)|≥a|G|／(a b) 2对每一对G中不相邻的两点x和y都成立,那么G有一个分数[a，b]一因子F使得E(F)∩E(C)=Ф,这个度条件下的下界是紧的。作为推论，我们得到具有哈密顿圈C的图有一个[a，b]一因子F使得E(C)真包含E(F)的一个度条件。     

高强自密实再生块体混凝土单轴受压声发射特性

为研究高强自密实再生块体混凝土单轴受压声发射特性,对取代率分别为0%,10%,20%的立方体混凝土试块进行轴心受压试验.将受压破坏过程分为4个阶段,引入活跃系数对能量进行分析,并通过b值-能量分析判断裂纹的开展程度和试块的损伤情况.结果表明:随着取代率的提高,峰值应力前声发射活动强度显著增加,能量越早出现爆炸性增长;活跃系数随应力进程先升高后降低,活跃系数可作为混凝土是否适合继续服役的判断标准;通过b值-能量分析能够准确地判断裂纹的开展程度和试块的损伤情况.