Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection

Summary Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection have disporven some of the central tenets of both the handicap mechanism and the sexy son hypothesis. These results suggest that the good genes approach to sexual selection may generally lead to erroneous results.Runaway sexual selection seems possible under a wide variety of circumstances. Quantittive genetic models have revealed runaway processes for sexually selected attributes expressed in both sexes and for attributes of parental care. Furthermore, the runaway could occur simultaneously in a series of populations that straddle an environmental gradient. While the models support the feasibility of runaway processes, empirical studies are needed to evaluate whether runaways actually happen. Estimates of critical genetic parameters are particularly needed, as well as measures of natural and sexual selection acting on the same population.The models also show that sexual selection has tremendous potential to produce population differentiation, particularly in epigamic traits. Differentiation is promoted by indeterminancy of evolutionary outcome, transient differences among populations during the final slow approach to equilibrium, sampling drift among equilibrium populations, and the tendency of sexual selection to amplify geographic variation arising from spatial differences in natural selection. Recent work with two- and three-locus models of sexual selection has produced results that parallel the results of the polygenic models^36–38,58. Thus the feature of indeterminate equilibria (outcome dependent on initial conditions) is common to both types of model.     

A major metabolite of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol reduces its cataleptic effect in mice

Summary The results described here demonstrate that THC-induced catalepsy in mice can be substantially inhibited by the prior administration of ¹-THC-7-oic acid, the major metabolite of THC in most species including humans. This raises the possibility that the intensity and duration of action of THC may depend to a large degree on the levels of this metabolite at the sites of action.We thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse for supporting this project by grants DA-02043 and DA-02052 and for supplying all of the cannabinoids. One of us (S.B.) is also the recipient of a Research Scientist Award from NIDA. We are grateful to Kristen Carlson and Thomas Honeyman for helpful suggestions in preparing this report.     

Antiviral activities of anthraquinones,bianthrones and hypericin derivatives from lichens

The antiviral activities of some naturally occurring anthraquinones bianthrones, and hypericin derivatives were compared by the end-point CPE (viral cytopathic effects) method and plaque assays. Under optimal conditions of exposure to light, hypericin, 7,7-dichlorohypericin and 5,7-dichloroemodin exhibited strong inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) in both assays. Partial inactivation of the virus was shown by emodin, 7-chloroemodin and 7-chloro-1-O-methylemodin; the bianthrones and other anthraquinones were found to be inactive. Antiviral activity appeared to be, positively correlated with increasing substitution of chlorine in the anthraquinone structure. In the absence of light, only hypericin and 7,7-dichlorohypericin displayed detectable activity.     

Almost sure convergence of weighted sums of NA sequences

For double arrays of constants {a _ni, 1≤i≤k _n, n≥1} and NA r.v. 's {X _n, n≥1}, conditions for almost sure convergence of are given. Both casesk _n ↑ ∞ andk _n=∞ are treated. A Marcinkiewicz-type theorem for i. d. NA sequences is obtained as a special case. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Cheng Riyan: born in 1968, MS student     

浅议全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标

全面建设小康社会的含义是什么?它与中国特色社会主义经济、政治、化建设的关系是什么?怎样才能建成更高水平的小康社会?本从三个方面进行阐述：全面建设小康社会是中国特色社会主义经济、政治、化全面发展的目标；全面建设小康社会是实现现代化必经的承上启下的发展阶段；实现全面建设小康社会奋斗目标，根本在发展，关键在改革，实质是为民。     

苯酚在ITQ-1分子筛中吸附特性的分子模拟研究

用巨正则统计系综蒙特卡罗模拟,研究了苯酚分子在ITQ-1分子筛中的吸附特性,从苯酚分子的粒子分布云图上,可发现分子的扩散和吸附在十二元环通道和十元环通道内都可进行。从一系列不同压力下的蒙特卡罗模拟还预测了苯酚在ITO-1中的吸附等温线。模拟结果表明,苯酚分子在一定压力和温度下,可通过十元环通道或连接十二元环超笼的十元环窗口到达分子筛孔道内部,达到较好的吸附平衡状态;同时还模拟了苯酚在水分子存在时,在ITQ～1分子筛中的吸附情况,结果表明,水分子的存在可降低苯酚分子的吸附,但从整体看影响较小。     

用辅助球面法求相贯线问题的研究

对用辅助球面法求相贯线问题作了较深入的研究,得到了沿某些方向相贯线上极限点与辅助球面半径大小的变化规律.从而解决了一些至今尚未解决的一部分立体的相贯线沿某些方向极限点的问题.文中分析并讨论了两立体相交的一些常见的特殊情况.     

Van del Pol振子方程本征值的移动1／N展开计算

应用移动１／Ｎ展开方法，计算Ｖａｎ ｄｅｌ ｐｏｌ振子方程的本征值。对ｖ＝０，且应用ＳＵＳＹ－ＱＭ计算其本征值。当光泵参数ｇ远低于阈值或在阈值附近，所有本征值都能和数值计算结果相吻合。当ｇ远高于阈值时，基态和第一激发态本征值亦能和数值计算结果相吻合。     

分光光度法测定饲料中的微量元素铜

本文研究了二乙胺基二硫代甲酸钠与铜(Ⅱ)形成的有色配合物,以低毒的二氯乙烷进行萃取浓缩,对饲料中共存的金属干扰离子采用柠檬酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸二钠进行联合掩蔽及有机相萃取分离,从而大大提高了分析的精密度和准确度.     

A.J.Schwenk猜想的证明

本文证明了偶图G的特征多项式P(G;X)=sum from k=0 to m ((-1)~ka_(2k)x~(n-2k))的系数a_(2k)是单峰的.因为树是偶图,所以A.J.Schwenk关于树的特征多项式的系数具有单峰性的猜想可由本文的结论直接得到验证.