多发性硬化症患者DTI图像定量化分析

提出了一种联合体素和白质图谱的磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)方法,明确了多发性硬化症(MS)患者脑白质中受损区域的位置和严重程度.通过计算受检者脑白质区域内各体素中水分子扩散的各向异性指数(FA)和平均扩散率(MD),找出MS患者组和健康对照组(HC)之间FA和MD存在显著性差异的体素及分布情况.结果表明,与HC组相比,MS组FA值在胼胝体体部、压部和双侧放射冠上部等11个脑区有显著性降低;MD值在胼胝体体部、压部和右侧内囊后肢等22个脑区有显著性升高,为临床MS诊断和治疗提供了更有效的参考价值.     

Fantastic Beasts and where (not) to find them: Local gravitational energy and energy conservation in general relativity

This paper critically examines energy-momentum conservation and local (differential) notions of gravitational energy in General Relativity (GR). On the one hand, I argue that energy-momentum of matter is indeed locally (differentially) conserved: Physical matter energy-momentum 4-currents possess no genuine sinks/sources. On the other hand, global (integral) energy-momentum conservation is contingent on spacetime symmetries. Local gravitational energy-momentum is found to be a supererogatory notion. Various explicit proposals for local gravitational energy-momentum are investigated and found wanting. Besides pseudotensors, the proposals considered include those of Lorentz and Levi-Civita, Pitts and Baker. It is concluded that the ontological commitment we ought to have towards gravitational energy in GR mimics the natural anti-realism/eliminativism towards apparent forces in Newtonian Mechanics.     

超图的子图特征值的研究

研究了偶一致超图的子图邻接张量的特征值,首先利用其最大特征值得到超图边割的下界,并证明这个界是紧的,指出当且仅当2个子图均为正则超图时下界成立,其次证明了k一致超图是正则超图的充要条件为全1向量是其邻接张量的H-特征向量,这是图谱理论中的相关性质在超图的推广.     

Higher-order principal component pursuit via tensor approximation and convex optimization

Recovering the low-rank structure of data matrix from sparse errors arises in the principal component pursuit （PCP）. This paper exploits the higher-order generalization of matrix recovery, named higher-order principal component pursuit （HOPCP）, since it is critical in multi-way data analysis. Unlike the convexification （nuclear norm） for matrix rank function, the tensorial nuclear norm is stil an open problem. While existing preliminary works on the tensor completion field provide a viable way to indicate the low complexity estimate of tensor, therefore, the paper focuses on the low multi-linear rank tensor and adopt its convex relaxation to formulate the convex optimization model of HOPCP. The paper further propose two algorithms for HOPCP based on alternative minimization scheme： the augmented Lagrangian alternating direction method （ALADM） and its truncated higher-order singular value decomposition （ALADM-THOSVD） version. The former can obtain a high accuracy solution while the latter is more efficient to handle the computationally intractable problems. Experimental results on both synthetic data and real magnetic resonance imaging data show the applicability of our algorithms in high-dimensional tensor data processing.     

李代数的张量积所确定的Leibniz代数

讨论了李代数(g)以及由这个李代数诱导的Leibniz代数(g)(×)(g)的一些性质,主要从不变双线性型和导子看这两个代数之间的差异,证明了在特定条件下两者的不变双线性型维数是一致的.为进一步确定李代数(g)和(g)(×)(g)的差异,讨论了由(g)(×)(g)诱导的一类重要的李代数(g)(×)(g);最后证明了,如...     

空域色噪声背景下双基地MIMO雷达角度估计

空域有色噪声会导致现有多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)雷达算法性能下降, 甚至完全失效。针对空域色噪声背景下双基地MIMO雷达联合波离角(direction of departure, DOD)和波达角(direction of arrival, DOA)估计问题, 分析了现有算法失效的原因。考虑到匹配滤波后无噪协方差矩阵的低秩特性、色噪声协方差矩阵的稀疏特性以及MIMO雷达数据的多维结构特性, 提出一种基于张量分析的角度估计算法。首先, 构造角度估计的协方差张量, 通过去除协方差张量中受噪声协方差影响的元素对色噪声进行抑制。其次,利用张量填充技术对无噪协方差矩阵进行恢复。然后,利用平行因子分解获得目标角度的方向矩阵。最后, 采用最小二乘算法对目标的DOA和DOD进行拟合。仿真结果表明, 所提算法对色噪声不敏感, 且无孔径损失。相比现有矩阵及张量分析算法, 所提算法具有更高的估计精度。     

塞曼哈密顿在|~3 PJM_J〉表象中的矩阵元

以多电子原子塞曼哈密顿的球张量形式为基础,借助单体和双体算符在Slater表象中的矩阵元公式,利用不可约张量理论和角动量耦合理论推导出了包含磁场二次项的塞曼哈密顿在|3PJMJ〉表象中矩阵元的一般表达式。以氦原子1s4p组态为例,计算了氦原子43P态的精细结构裂距,并绘出了能级分裂图。     

计算晶体二阶示性面主轴的一种方法

介绍了由任意方向测试值来准确计算晶体主轴方向和主值的数值解法。以三斜晶系晶体为例，建立了数学模型及PASCAL程序流程图。实例证明该方法是简单有效的。     

芬斯拉度量的一般提升

本文把Matsumoto提出的芬斯拉基本张量g到切丛的α提升推广成一般提升,其N-分解为满足α_(αβ)=α_(βα)。对于加当联络的情形,证明了使芬斯拉型线性联络关于为度量的充要条件是α_(αβ)均为常数。当取α_(11)=α_(22)=0时,所得应变张量场N-分解的8个芬斯拉张量场中有5个不为零,且都是正齐次的,最后还指出,只有这种取法才能获得正齐次的N-分解张量场。     

Abel加半群局部化及性质

本文将Abel加半群引入一种局部化方法,建立了局部化与张量积的关系,证明了平坦半群的局部化也平坦,并证明局部化函子是正合的共变函子且自然等价于一个单侧张量积函子.