DNA与小分子相互作用的研究进展

概述了能与DNA发生相互作用的小分子的种类和不同小分子与DNA相互作用的方式、机理,并对DNA与小分子相互作用研究的常用方法,以及这些方法的特点进行了评述。最后对其发展前景,尤其是对药物分子与DNA相互作用的未来发展方向进行了展望与预测。     

渗调修复黄瓜陈种子基因组DNA损伤的RAPD研究

用Vc，CaCl2，PEG及其组合对自然老化的黄瓜种子进行渗调处理，利用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对处理前后的种子基因组DNA多态性进行比较分析．结果表明：渗调作用可以修复黄瓜陈种子的DNA损伤．修复效果与种子贮藏时间有关，贮藏半年的种子渗调处理前后RAPD产物差异不明显，贮藏1～2a的陈种子修复的效果好，表现为分子量高的DNA重新合成，RAPD扩增条带增多，亮度增加；贮藏3a的陈种子修复效果不理想。     

中华哲水蚤线粒体DNA COI基因序列分析

采用苯酚-氯仿-异戊醇(25：24：1)提取、异丙醇沉淀、酒精洗涤、TE缓冲液保存方法提取了采自胶州湾青岛海域的中华哲水蚤基因组DNA；以相应引物经PCR扩增得到线粒体DNA细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ亚基基因(mtCOD)片段；PCR产物采用化学法进行质粒重组(载体pGEM—T Easy Vector)、热休克转化重组质粒至大肠杆菌感受态细胞(JM109)、氨苄LB培养基扩大培养；测序．结果表明。中华哲水蚤线粒体COI碱基大小为710bp(国际基因库索引号AY665663)。其碱基组成A、C、G、T含量分别为24．23％、19．15％、22．54％和34．08％；G C含量为41．69％。A T为58．31％．     

野生大豆DNA导入小麦及RAPD分子验证

利用花粉管通道法将野生大豆总DNA导入小麦，以期获得变异系小麦．对小麦球蛋白的SDS—PAGE，印迹表明，冬小麦T2l6#产生了新的蛋白亚基，其分子量为78kD，而有的变异品系一些蛋白亚基消失了；凯氏定氮法和氨基酸分析表明小麦后代T216#的总蛋白含量增加，其氨基酸组成，尤其是赖氨酸含量明显提高．RAPD分析结果表明，新品系基因组出现多态性，并具有供体特异性DNA带，这些变异现象表明该小麦品系为转基因后代．本实验为选育高蛋白、优质的新小麦品种提供了途径．     

用CTAB+磁珠法提取火烧骨DNA的研究

对不同焚烧程度的长骨用CTAB法提取DNA和用DNAIQ^TMSystem试剂盒纯化方法，较有效解决火烧骨的DNA的提取和荧光STR复合扩增检验的问题，为今后对杀人焚尸、火灾、爆炸等恶性案件和事故中进行个人识别和亲子鉴定提供了一定的科学依据。     

Real time observation of the photocleavage of single DNA molecules

A method for real time observation of photo-cleavage of stratched λDNA at single molecular level by a fluorescent microscope coupled with CCD is developed.DNA molecules stained with YOYO-1 are stretched by the mo-lecular combing technique and fixed on a modified slide.Then the Process of Photocleavage and relaxation of DNA under radiation of blue light is observed.We speculate that the conformation change of stretched DNA and the effect of water are likely to facilitate the effect of YOYO photocleav-age DNA molecules.The photocleavage effect of YOYO for stretched DNA may be useful to study DNA elasticity,cancer research as well as the interaction between DNA and dyes.     

A surface-based DNA algorithm for the minimal vertex cover problem

Abstract DNA computing was proposed for solving a class of intractable computational problems, of which the computing timewill grow exponentially with the problem size. Up to now, many achievements have been made to improve its performance and increase itsreliability. It has been shown many times that the surface-based DNA computing technique has very low error rate, but the technique hasnot been widely used in the DNA computing algorithms design. In this paper, a surface-based DNA computing algorithm for minimal ver-tex cover problem, a problem well-known for its exponential difficulty, is introduced. This work provides further evidence for the abilityof surface-based DNA computing in solving NP-complete problems.     

生物机制在智能计算中的应用

揭示生物机制在智能计算中的应用。与生物学相关理论相结合 ,论述遗传算法、人工神经网络和DNA计算的生物机制 ,揭示生物学思想在其中的应用 ,说明现在各类学科交叉发展的趋势     

Genetic Diversity in Populations of Sepiella maindroni Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis

Part of the 16S rRNA gene is amplified with PCR and sequenced for 5 populations of common Chinese cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni:three from the South China Sea,one from East China Sea and one from Japan.The result shows that a total of 5 nucleotide positions are found to have gaps or insertions of base pairs among these individuals,and 13 positions are examined to be variable in all the sequences,which range from 494 to 509 base pairs.All of the individuals are grouped into 7 haplotypes (h1-h7).No marked genetic difference is osberved among those populations.All of the individuals from Nagasaki belong to h1 and the h3 haplotype is found only in the coastal waters of China.A→←G transition in Nucleotide 255 is suggested to be taken as a kind of genetic marker to identify the populations distributed in East-South China Sea and the Nagasaki waters of Japan.     

基因工程中常用的酶及其功能分析

酶是活细胞所产生的一种具有特殊催化功能的蛋白质,在生物工程中应用非常广泛,如食品、医药、废水处理等方面.基因工程中常用的酶主要包括核酸酶、连接酶、聚合酶和修饰酶,分别发挥着不同的功能.