基于BP神经网络的避洪安置区选址研究

为了解决洪水灾害应急管理中避洪安置区的选址问题,在总结前人研究成果的基础上,从自然环境、可行性、生活条件、社会环境、实用性等5个方面出发,通过17个具体指标,构建了避洪安置区选址评价体系;在安置区的选址分析中引入BP神经网络,构建了基于BP神经网络的安置区选址模型,根据选址评价体系及相关经验确定网络模型各层次的神经元节点数量,并采用样本对模型进行训练分析,建立了稳定的网络结构,最终实例验证了该模型在避洪安置区选址问题中的有效性及可行性。     

甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区山杨锈病病原及发生规律

山杨锈病是甘肃太统-崆峒山自然保护区中对山杨林危害最严重的植物病害。2013年3月—2014年12月,对该保护区内山杨锈病的发生规律进行了跟踪调查,并对病原真菌进行了采样、分离和鉴定。结果显示,在保护区内发生的山杨锈病病原菌属于松杨栅锈菌(Melampsora laricipopulina Kleb.)。该病原生物的发生规律主要表现为:每年5月下旬至6月初山杨开始发病,6月下旬危害程度逐渐加重,7月中、下旬病害快速蔓延,危害程度进一步加重,到7月底感病率达到100%;8月中、下旬约有60%叶片发黑,30%的叶片脱落,山杨的长势受到严重影响。研究结果基本反映了该区域山杨锈病的发生规律,为该林区山杨林保护提供了理论依据,为山杨锈病的防治研究奠定了基础。     

中国七叶树2种新瘿螨和1种新纪录(蜱螨亚纲,瘿螨总科)

描述中国七叶树Aesculus chinensis 2种新瘿螨和1中国新纪录种,即七叶树谢氏瘿螨,新种Shevtchenkella aesculichina sp.nov.,七叶树大嘴瘿螨,新种Rhyncaphytoptus aesculus sp.nov.和加利福尼亚七叶树谢氏瘿螨Shevtchenkella aes...     

贵州省地萼苔科植物初步研究

根据文献记载以及对采自贵州省各县市地萼苔科Geocalycaceae植物标本(300余份)的鉴定,经统计贵州省地萼苔科植物现有18种l变种,其中中华裂萼苔Chiloscyphus sinensis、爽气裂萼苔C.fragrans为贵州新记录.根据各个种的形态特征,编制了该科的分种检索表,并对新记录种的主要形态特征进行了...     

《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的新变化及应用解析

贸易术语是进出口商品价格的重要组成部分,不同的贸易术语下买卖双方承担的责任、义务以及风险大相径庭,《国际贸易术语解释通则》是世界上影响力最大的解释贸易术语的国际惯例,最新版本《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》于2020年1月1日正式实施,将给世界商品进出口贸易带来重大影响.与2010年版本相比,2020年版本对贸易术语...     

竞争环境下新能源汽车嵌入技术服务的定价策略

构建上游技术服务商和下游新能源制造商合作创新的两级供应链,考虑两个制造商的竞争关系和权力结构,研究不同竞争模式对产品定价、产品利润的影响,为技术服务商和新能源汽车制造商的决策提供参考。结果显示,技术服务商在同等条件下会提供技术给具有竞争关系的制造商以优化利润;制造商之间的权力结构会影响技术服务商的利润,并且在“权力对等”竞争模式(FLC)下的利润最大。从制造商角度,竞争强度和技术产出贡献度均会影响产品价格。在技术产出贡献度较小的情形下,垄断模式(M)下的产品定价最高,“制造商1领导”竞争模式(SLC)和“制造商2领导”竞争模式(TLC)下的定价较高,FLC模式下的定价最低;反之亦然。算例分析进一步指出,当技术产出贡献度较小时,M模式下的产品利润大于竞争模式(C)下的产品利润;反之亦然。此外,制造商之间的权力结构会影响C模式下的产品利润,因此,制造商在C模式的占优策略是通过FLC模式实施定价或在SLC和TLC模式下取得定价领导权。     

New data on sponges from Svalbard Archipelago with a description of a new species of Halicnemia

Sponge fauna from the west and south of Svalbard archipelago was studied. A total of 28 species of sponges were identified. Five of them are new records to the study area and one is new to science. New records for Spitsbergen are: Axinella hispida (Koltun 1959), Haliclona rossica (Hentschel 1929), Myxilla (Myxilla) perspinosa (Lundbeck 1905), Sphaerotylus borealis (Swartschewsky 1906) and Suberites carnosus (Johnston 1842). A new species of sponge, Halicnemia wagini sp. nov., collected south-west of Spitsbergen on the continental slope at a depth of 423–425 m, is described. It is similar to Halicnemia patera (Bowerbank 1864) and H. verticillata (Bowerbank 1866) in skeleton architecture, but significantly differs in its spicule complement and external appearance. Primarily, distinct differences concern the morphology of microscleres. In comparison with Halicnemia patera, the new species has an additional category of acanthose microscleres presented by microstrongyles, while microscleres of H. verticillata are only slightly curved and also verticillately spined. The study area, west of Spitsbergen, establishes close relationships with North Atlantic due to warm Atlantic waters of the West Spitsbergen Current. Proximity of the new species to the North Atlantic representatives of Halicnemia genus allowed us to suggest that H. wagini sp. nov., both ecologically and morphologically, has stood apart as a distinct biological species in the conditions of the Arctic.

http://www.zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2A09537B-63D7-4F07-A2AB-9C707A686333     

A taxonomic review of the genus Exochus Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae) from South Korea with descriptions of ten new species

The South Korean species of the genus Exochus are revised. Ten new species, Exochus acostulatus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus adentatus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus areolaris Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus carinalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus dentisternum Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus depressus Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus nigritulus Lee & Choi sp. nov., Exochus occipitalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., Exochus orbitalis Lee & Choi, sp. nov. and Exochus propodealis Lee & Choi, sp. nov., are described. Also, 21 species of this genus are reviewed and newly recorded from South Korea, with diagnoses provided. A key to the South Korean species of Exochus and illustrations of external characters are provided.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B28700A7-9CA7-4AE7-9816-9C8F4CD46160     

A new parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of the invasive bamboo aphids Takecallis spp. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Western Europe

A long-term survey of tritrophic (plant–aphid–parasitoid) associations in the urban ecosystems of Lleida (Catalonia) and Paris (France) resulted in the detection of associations of two bamboo aphids, Takecallis arundinariae (Essig) and Takecallis taiwanus (Takahashi), respectively, with a new aphid parasitoid species. Trioxys remaudierei Starý & Rakhshani sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a unique parasitoid of Takecallis aphids outside the area of their origin. The new species is easily distinguishable from its congeners in having the ventral prongs of the abdomen fused over two-thirds of their length, then bifurcated towards the tip. The only morphologically similar species is Trioxys betulae (Marshall), which exhibits a clearly different prong shape (and has a different host range, Symydobius Mordvilko and Clethrobius Mordvilko). The new species is compared with allied taxa associated with bamboo aphids. The occurrence of Takecallis taiwanus on bamboo is recorded in France for the first time.

www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ED15BA16-E8A9-4CEA-BDA7-FBAB02FEB091