Enhanced nanocrystalline stability of BCC iron via copper segregation

Nanocrystalline alloys are known for their high density of grain boundaries (GBs), which results in low thermal stability and a tendency for coarsening. In this work, we investigated Fe–Cu alloys to explore the effects of Cu concentration on the thermal stability of nanocrystalline samples. Using hybrid molecular dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, annealing treatments of nanocrystalline samples with varied Cu concentrations were conducted. The simulation results revealed that Cu atoms tended to accumulate at GBs. Subsequently, the model with Cu segregation was subjected to mechanical creep loading at various temperatures. Through the analysis of atomic structure evolution during creep deformation, it was found that Cu segregation efficiently stabilizes GBs and restricts their movement. The present findings highlight that the thermal stability of nanocrystalline Fe–Cu alloys can be effectively improved by introducing suitable Cu segregation at GBs.     

纳秒激光制备钛表面纹理结构及其润湿性研究

激光加工技术可在材料表面形成多种纹理结构,为了研究激光加工所得不同纹理结构对材料润湿性的影响,通过纳秒激光加工技术在金属钛表面分别加工直线、网格和点阵的表面纹理结构。采用扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪、粗糙度分析仪和X射线光电子能谱分别对激光加工后的钛表面进行表面形貌、接触角、粗糙度与化学成分的表征与分析。结果表明:初经激光纹理加工后试样表面的粗糙度较激光加工前均显著提高,但此时3种纹理结构试样表面接触角均小于90°;随着时间的推移,被加工材料表面化学成分的改变带来了材料表面自由能的变化,进而使被加工表面接触角总体呈现上升趋势;待试样表面化学成分稳定后接触角也基本保持不变,并且对于每种纹理结构而言,其接触角随粗糙度的增加而升高。直线、网格和点阵纹理结构试样表面接触角最终可达157.2°,153.1°和134.6°,从而实现了钛表面润湿性由亲水性向疏水性的转变。     

Low-cost (ZrCu)50-xTax high temperature shape memory alloys showing excellent shape memory effect

ZrCu-based alloys, as one of the most potential high-temperature shape memory alloys, show quite high martensitic transformation temperature, relatively low price for the raw materials, and good casting fluidity. In this work, the martensitic transformation (MT) and shape memory effect of (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x high-temperature shape memory alloys were systematically investigated. Both X ray diffraction and SEM backscattered electron image demonstrated the coexistence of the main phase monoclinic martensite phase and the second phase Ta₂Cu. SEM results also revealed that increasing Ta content resulted in a larger volume fraction of Ta₂Cu phase. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the MT temperatures remarkably increased with Ta addition. The ductility of the (ZrCu)_50-xTa_x alloys was reduced to some degree with increasing Ta content. The shape memory effect was improved significantly, in which (ZrCu)₉₈Ta₂ alloy showed the 6.19% maximum recovery strain during 8% pre-strain under compression at 25 ?°C.     

选区激光熔化成型镁合金构件关键技术综述

选区激光熔化成型镁合金构件性能优异且个性化程度高,在工业生产、生物医疗等多个领域具有重要应用意义。首先,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金技术的基本原理与技术特点进行了简要阐释;其次,基于选区激光熔化成型镁合金技术的国内外研究现状,将目前已有研究成果与尚未解决的技术问题进行归纳与总结;再次,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金关键技术进行分析,对主要技术难点及其解决方案进行综述;最后,对选区激光熔化成型镁合金发展趋势进行探讨,指出今后可在以下方面进行深入研究:1)优化现有工艺参数与成型仓风道等机械除尘结构,通过主动抑尘与被动抑尘相结合的方法提高成型质量;2)通过工艺调控减少成型缺陷,制备高性能镁合金构件;3)优化粉末筛分结构,提高成型安全性。