化学沉积Ni-Fe-P及Ni-Fe-P-B合金膜的结构和显微硬度

利用X射线衍射方法研究了不同Na2H2PO2的质量浓度以及热处理温度条件下化学镀三元Ni-Fe-P和四元Ni-P-B镀层的结构,在温度为200-700℃范围内加热镀层产生结构变化,当热处理温度等于或低于400℃时,镀层的显微硬度随温度增加,这与从Ni-P-B镀层非晶基底中析出（Fe,Ni)固溶体,Ni3P相以及从Ni-P-B镀层（Fe,Ni）固溶体基底中析出Fe2B等相有关,热处理温度大于或等于500℃时,NiP,Fe3P,Fe2B等相析出,同时随温度增加颗粒逐渐粗化,引起镀层软化,在Ni-Fe-P镀层中加入KBH4,经300℃热处理引起镀层显微硬度增加,低于300℃热处理对镀层硬度影响不明显,该现象可由B与Ni-Fe固溶体基底形成了晶化相加以证实。     

镍钨合金电沉积及其析氢电催化性能的研究

本文研究以钛或铁为基体的Ｎｉ－Ｗ合金电镀，阴极极化曲线表明，以Ｔｉ为基体的Ｎｉ－Ｗ合金镀层为阴极，电解３００ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ（２５℃），３．０Ａ／ｄｍ＾２能降低析氢过电势４２０ｍＶ，电解１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭｎＳＯ４＋０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４能降低８１０ｍＶ，说明Ｎｉ－Ｗ镀层是析氢的优良电催化阴极。     

铝合金激光熔覆

采用大功率激光在铸铝合金的表面熔覆镍基合金粉末,熔覆材料是Ｎｉ６０,Ａｌ包Ｎｉ和Ｎｉ包Ａｌ粉末,基体是ＺＬ１０８。通过研究选出最佳工艺参数范围,对熔覆层进行了宏观和显微组织观察及性能测试。结果表明,Ｎｉ６０熔覆层具有良好的耐磨性和使用性。     

Preparation of high-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Fe alloy via heat treatment and rolling

An Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Fe alloy was solid-solution treated at 560°C for 3 h and then cooled by water quenching or furnace cooling. The alloy samples which underwent cooling by these two methods were rolled at different temperatures. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and tensile testing. For the water-quenched alloys, the peak tensile strength and elongation occurred at a rolling temperature of 180°C. For the furnace-cooled alloys, the tensile strength decreased initially, until the rolling temperature of 420°C, and then increased; the elongation increased consistently with increasing rolling temperature. The effects of grain boundary hardening and dislocation hardening on the mechanical properties of these rolled alloys decreased with increases in rolling temperature. The mechanical properties of the 180°C rolling water-quenched alloy were also improved by the presence of β″ phase. Above 420°C, the effect of solid-solution hardening on the mechanical properties of the rolled alloys increased with increases in rolling temperature.     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

粉末冶金TiAl基合金高温变形行为

采用等温压缩试验,在变形温度为600～1050℃、应变速率为0.002～0.2s-1的条件下,研究了粉末冶金Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr合金的高温压缩性能与高温变形行为.结果表明:合金在高温压缩变形时,屈服强度随变形温度的升高、应变速率的降低而降低,塑性趋于升高.合金在高温塑性变形时,峰值流变应力、应变速率和变形温度之间较好地满足双曲正弦函数形式修正的Arrhenius关系,说明其变形受热激活控制.在800～1050℃/0.002～0.2s-1范围内,合金应变敏感系数m为0.152,高温变形激活能Q为376kJ.mol-1.     

SPS烧结温度对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金微观结构及性能的影响

以高能球磨法制备的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe复合粉末为原料,采用放电等离子烧结技术制备93W--4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了烧结温度对钨合金微观组织及性能的影响.采用扫描电镜对试样的断口进行观察,采用能量色散谱仪对合金的组元进行成分分析.结果表明:①烧结温度对合金的性能有显著的影响,在1 350℃时钨合金的抗拉强度达到一个极大值,为981 MPa,此时钨合金的相对密度和W晶粒的尺寸分别为98.9%和5μm;②当烧结温度达到1375℃时,合金中Ni元素开始挥发,随着温度的快速上升,合金中Ni元素的挥发不断加剧,当烧结温度升高至1425℃时合金中Ni元素已完全挥发;③合金的断裂方式随着烧结温度的升高发生显著的变化,当烧结温度升至1350℃时钨合金的断裂方式由W晶粒界面分离向W-W、W-黏结相界面断裂转变,而当烧结温度超过此温度时钨合金的断裂方式又转变为W晶粒的沿晶脆性断裂;④SPS快速烧结能够有效抑制W晶粒的长大,促进钨合金的细晶强化作用.     

挤压工艺对AK_(4-1ч)合金棒材晶粒大小的影响

通过调整合金成分分别配制了添加Zr,AlTiB ,AlTiC和RE的AK4 1ч实验铝合金 ,经过 2种不同的工艺生产棒材 ,在室温下测量其淬火时效态抗拉强度 ,用金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察和分析了合金在不同加工工艺状态下的显微组织和结构 ,并判定其晶粒度 .结果表明 :在设计合金成分时 ,要精确控制Cu的含量在 2 .0 %～ 2 .6 % ,以免生成难溶的含Cu相 ,降低合金的强度 ;多向强应变可细化晶粒 ,提高合金的力学性能 ;随变形程度的增加 ,晶粒尺寸减小 ;制定挤压工艺时 ,为避免产生周期性裂纹 ,建议挤压比取为 2 5左右     

Glass-forming ability,microhardness, corrosion resistance,and dealloying treatment of Mg60?xCu40Ndx alloy ribbons

The influence of Nd addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA), microhardness, and corrosion resistance of Mg60?xCu40Ndx (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, at%) alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, Vickers-type hardness tests, and electrochemical me-thods. The results suggest that the GFA and microhardness of the amorphous alloys increase until the Nd content reaches 20at%. The corro-sion potential and corrosion current density obtained from the Tafel curves indicate that the Mg35Cu40Nd25 ternary alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the investigated alloys. Notably, nanoporous copper (NPC) was synthesized through a single-step dealloying of Mg60?xCu40Ndx (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25) ternary alloys in 0.04 mol·L?1 H2SO4 solution under free corrosion conditions. The influence of dealloying process parameters, such as dealloying time and temperature, on the microstructure of the ribbons was also studied using the sur-face diffusivity theory. The formation mechanism of dealloyed samples with a multilayered structure was also discussed.     

Structure and corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Fe alloys

The microstructure and electrochemical properties of Al–Cu–Fe alloys with the atomic compositions of Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15),Al_(78)Cu_7Fe_(15)and Al_(80)Cu_5Fe_(14)Si_1have been studied.The alloys were produced by induction melting of pure elements with copper mold casting.The microstructure of the alloys was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The formation of quasicrystalline phases in the Al–Cu–Fe alloys was confirmed.The presence of intermetallic phases was observed in the alloys after crystallization in a form of ingots and plates.The electrochemical measurements were conducted in 3.5%NaCl solution.The electronic structure of the alloys was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The post corrosion surface of the samples was checked using a scanning electron microscope equipped with the energydispersive X-ray detector.It was observed that the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy had the highest corrosion resistance.The improved corrosion resistance parameters were noted for the plate samples rather than those in the as-cast state.And the hardness of the Al_(65)Cu_(20)Fe_(15)alloy was significantly higher than the other alloy samples.