Al/Cu扩散偶相界面的实验研究

采用“铆钉法”制备了Al/Cu曲面接触扩散偶,用彩色金相、显微硬度测试方法对其界面区域进行了观察分析。实验结果表明,烧结温度对相层数量起主要作用,并和保温时间一起影响扩散溶解层厚度。在873 K,823~723 K,623 K扩散偶的扩散溶解层分别由4个,3个,1个相组成,在Al/Cu扩散偶中各相层的硬度由铜侧相向铝侧相逐渐增大并在出现硬度峰值后减小。     

二维配合物(C16 H20KNi0.50O13) n的合成和晶体结构

在水溶液中用硫酸镍与邻苯二甲酸氢钾反应得到了二维配合物(C16H20KNi0.50O13)n,通过X-射线单晶衍射进行表征其结构.该配合物的晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,晶胞参数a=10.422 9(9),b=6.859 7(6),c=29.516(2),β=98.094 0(10),°V=2 089.3(3)3,Z=4,Dc=1.541 g/cm3,Mr=484.74,F(000)=996,μ(MoKα)=0.757 mm-1,R=0.058 3,wR=0.156 3[I>2σ(I)].晶体分析表明镍与6个水分子的氧原子配位形成畸变的八面体构型,其中H2O(10)中的氧原子作为桥联原子,同时与Ni和K配位.Ni原子、K原子、水分子和Hpht通过氢键构成了沿ab面的层状结构.     

硬团聚纳米氧化镁对重金属废水的处理

采用烧制得到的氧化镁,通过两种途径研究了其对重金属离子废水的处理,结果表明,制得的氧化镁具有很大的表面能和反应活性,当溶液中的Cd2 离子处于低浓度时,加入络合剂后,以Cd2 离子为微粒形成络合物,并在氧化镁的作用下沉淀除去,达到进一步净化水质的目的。同时,处理后的水质远远好于国家规定的排放标准GB 8978-1996。     

混凝土氯离子扩散理论模型

回顾了混凝土氯离子扩散理论模型研究的基本进展,指出了混凝土氯离子扩散研究中存在的问题:材料非均质性、有限大体、多维扩散、可变扩散系数与可变边界条件、结构微缺陷对扩散的加速作用、氯离子结合能力及其非线性等.针对多个暴露面的有限大长方体的氯离子扩散,引进了氯离子扩散的劣化效应系数和时间依赖性常数,提出了线性氯离子结合能力及其非线性系数,采用幂函数和指数函数修正了时间边界函数,系统地解决了混凝土的氯离子扩散理论问题.经过严密的数学推导,在理论上得到了综合考虑氯离子结合能力、氯离子扩散系数的时间依赖性和结构微缺陷影响的混凝土氯离子扩散新方程.结果表明,混凝土氯离子扩散新方程的简化表达式与Fick第二扩散定律在形式上完全一致.     

掺矿物掺合料混凝土ASTM C1202测试指标的相关性

为了探讨掺矿物掺合料混凝土的ASTM C1202测试指标的相关性,采用ASTM C1202标准测试了分别掺有粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰的混凝土28 d和91 d的初始电流、6 h电通量以及氯离子渗透深度;分析了6 h电通量和初始电流、氯离子渗透深度的关系以及矿物掺合料和龄期对这些关系的影响规律.分析结果表明:3种矿物掺合料均能不同程度地降低混凝土的6 h电通量、初始电流以及氯离子渗透深度;龄期基本不影响掺矿物掺合料混凝土6 h电通量与初始电流之间的相关性;龄期对掺矿物掺合料混凝土氯离子渗透深度与6 h电通量的相关性影响较大.可以考虑用初始电流作为评价指标建立掺矿物掺合料混凝土抗氯离子渗透性的评价标准;宜采用长龄期试件作为测试对象评价掺矿物掺合料混凝土抗氯离子渗透能力.     

Effects of different aggregation forms of LHC Ⅱ from Bryopsis corticulans on the excited state properties of Chl a

Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies have been used to study the excited state properties of Chl a in different aggregation forms of light-harvesting complex Ⅱ （LHC Ⅱ） from an intertidal green alga, Bryopsis corticulans, i.e. LHC Ⅱ monomer, trimer and oligomer. When either Chl a or Chl b was selectively excited, the observed decrease in Chl a fluorescence in the oligomer is proved to be caused mainly by the fast fluorescence quenching among Chl a molecules, rather than by the decrease in Chl b-to-Chl a singlet excitation transfer efficiency. Analyses of the picosecond time-resolved fluorescence kinetics identified two exponential decay components in all of the three forms of LHC Ⅱ： a longer-lived component （4.1 -4.7 ns） originating from fluorescence emission of Chl a, and a shorter-lived one （135-540 ps） from the rapid equilibration of singlet excitation among Chl a molecules. The time constant of excitation equilibration is 135 ps in oligomer, 520 ps in trimer and 540 ps in monomer. These results imply that LHC Ⅱ in oligomer form is inherently able to quench Chl a excitation, a mechanism which may be related to the photoprotection of PS Ⅱ via changing the degree of LHC Ⅱ aggregation in Bryopsis corticulans.     

Synthesis and ion-binding studies of platinum(II) phenanthroline complexes containing crown ether moiety

Square-planar platinum(II) polypyridyl complexes represent an important class of compounds that possess a rich range of spectroscopic and photophysical proper- ties[1―17]. Some of them have demonstrated promise in wide-ranging applications including opti…     

辽宁某冶炼厂污染土壤的铜污染研究

研究测定了土壤中铜的含量和形态分布规律.结果表明锌生产区土壤中的Cu总量分别约是土壤对照值、辽宁省土壤背景值、全国土壤背景值的14倍、37倍、49倍;而铜生产区则分别约是221倍、575倍、748倍,铜生产区污染很严重.同时铜主要是以较稳定的残渣态铜为主,铜生产区达63.4%,锌生产区为38.5%.可溶态和可交换态铜的含量很低,不同生产区两种形态总和不超过1%;两个生产区的碳酸盐态和有机态两种形态之和分别为55.6%,33.7%.     

非水毛细管电泳检测辣椒粉中苏丹红

首次采用非水毛细管电泳法对两种苏丹红染色剂-苏丹红I与苏丹红II进行了分离检测。考察了电泳介质、背景电解质、SDS浓度对分离的影响。当运行缓冲液为100 mmol/L乙酸钠+35 mmol/L SDS的乙腈/甲醇(6:4,v/v)混合溶液时,两种苏丹红化合物能够在15 min内达到基线分离。各组分的峰面积与待测物浓度在0.01~0.5 mg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限均为0.005 mg/mL。最终检测到辣椒样品中含有苏丹红II浓度为3.040 mg/g,苏丹红I与苏丹红II在加标辣椒样品中的回收率分别为94.68%和81.00%。     

Overview on high-resolution ocean modeling in JAMSTEC

In view of the importance of ocean component for representing climate change, efforts are underway to implement a high-resolution nesting model system in Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate （MI- ROC） for the North Pacific using the same ocean model as used in the coupled model MIROC5. By comparing double （10 km for the northwestern Pacific, 50 km for the rest of the Pacific） and triple （double nesting plus 2 km resolution near Japan） nesting, it turns out that relative vorticity is drastically enhanced near Japan with 2 km resolution. It is hoped that such an elaborated nesting system will reveal detailed processes for the ocean heat uptake by, e.g., intermediate water and mode water formation for which the＂perturbed region＂ near Japan is the key region.