可再生资源的一个寡头博弈模型及其均衡分析

本文就具有固定自然增长率的资源市场,在需求函数与单位生产成本函数都为线性的条件下建立可再生资源的多寡头博弈模型,讨论对应的市场均衡策略的均衡方程,研究资源市场均衡路径上资源总储量与资源总供给的长期定性增长行为。数理分析结果表明,尽管资源是可再生的,但是不注重长期经济利益的资源开发策略必将使资源最终耗尽;而注重长期经济利益的策略选择会使得资源获得一定的持续增长从而可持续发展。     

多元共渗处理对30Cr2MoV钢性能的影响

采用多元共渗的方法,分别在570℃,2 h,590℃,2 h,610℃,2 h的条件下对经过调质处理的30Cr2MoV钢进行多元共渗处理。通过金相分析、硬度测试、拉伸试验和腐蚀试验的方法测试分析了处理后样品的表面形貌、硬度分布、力学性能和抗蚀性。结果表明：经多元共渗处理后,材料的表面硬度,强度和抗蚀性均得到不同程度的提高,特别是经过590℃,2 h共渗处理后的样品综合性能最好。     

土著微生物柱浸修复铬渣堆场土壤污染

采用柱浸试验研究土著微生物对铬渣堆场污染土壤中Cr(Ⅵ)的修复.通过单因素实验测定土壤初始Cr(Ⅵ)浓度、浸出液pH值及循环淋溶时间对修复效果的影响,结果表明：加入培养基能完全修复铬渣堆场污染土壤中水溶性Cr(Ⅵ),柱浸实验结束后,浸出液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度由初始的700.3 mg/kg降低至检出限以下;土壤中初始Cr(Ⅵ)浓度越低修复效果越好;培养基最佳pH值范围为7.5~8.5;循环淋溶修复效果好于非循环柱浸修复,循环时间越长,修复效果越好,最佳循环时间为全天循环.     

聚氨酯海绵负载聚苯胺吸附还原Cr(Ⅵ)离子的研究

采用化学氧化聚合法在聚氨酯海绵(PUF)上原位生长聚苯胺(PAn)制备了PAn/PUF二元复合物,并将该复合物应用于处理废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)离子.考察了聚苯胺负载比、底物Cr(Ⅵ)离子浓度、溶液pH值及温度等因素对吸附还原过程的影响规律.结果表明,当聚苯胺在聚氨酯海绵上的负载质量分数达到5.83％时,溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的去除率可达到99.99％;该复合物能在较宽的pH值范围(2 ～7)内有效地去除Cr(Ⅵ)离子(96.05％～93.88％),且该复合物经过适当的酸处理后仍可重复利用.此外,对吸附-还原过程进行了动力学分析,推测了该过程的可能机理.     

一种新型测定铬（Ⅵ）非聚集比色传感器及其分析应用

基于Cr（Ⅵ）的氧化性对金纳米棒（GNRs）的轴端产生强的蚀刻作用及其引起的溶液颜色变化,开发了一种测定痕量Cr（Ⅵ）的非聚集比色传感器。该比色传感器线性范围为0.1μM-20μM,检出限为8.8×10-8M,除了Cu2＋和Fe3＋加入氨水可消除铁与铜的干扰外,常见的离子不干扰。本方法用于水体中Cr（Ⅵ）的比色检测,其结果与等离子体-质谱法相吻合。同时,探讨了非聚集比色传感测定Cr（Ⅵ）的机理     

改性活性炭对废水中Cr（VI）吸附的研究

研究了改性活性炭对水溶液中Cr（VI）的吸附作用,运用正交分析法考查活性炭用量、废水pH值及吸附时间对Cr（VI）去除率的影响.筛选出改性活性炭最佳工艺条件：改性活性炭单位吸附量为6.7 mg Cr6＋/g活性炭,吸附时间2 h,pH值4,净化率为99.97%.相比原活性炭,改性后活性炭的吸附性更强,净化率提高了20%,吸附平衡时间缩短了66%.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr doped WCoB based cermets by spark plasma sintering and first principle calculation

WCoB based cermet is a potential hard alloy to replace WC-Co cermets with high hardness and corrosion resistance. WCoB based cermets with different Cr doping contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering in liquid phase sintering stage. The densification behavior, phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr doped WCoB cermets were investigated by XRD, EDS and SEM. Due to the lower density of Cr,the density of WCoB cermets decreased with the increasing of Cr doping content. The phase composition consisted of Cr doped WCoB, unreacted W, Co–Cr binary binder phase. When the doping content exceeded11.736 wt%, the Cr enrichment zones appeared, which was harmful to the TRS. The increasing of Cr doping content contributed to the increase of unreacted W phases content and the formation of pores. The maximum value of Vickers hardness was 1751 Hv0.5 at 9.356 wt% Cr doping content. The variation trend was explained by first principle calculation, which is consistent with Hv-Zhou hardness model.     

4Cr9Si2马氏体钢气门楔横轧工艺研究

通过热模拟等温压缩实验,获得4Cr9Si2马氏体耐热钢的本构关系.借助DEFORM-3D有限元软件针对4Cr9Si2马氏体耐热钢楔横轧成形过程进行数值模拟,得到工艺参数对轧件缩颈和心部疏松的影响规律.通过轧制实验验证有限元模拟的正确性,对轧制后的轧件进行金相组织分析.研究结果表明:随着成形角增大,楔入段轴向金属流动速度大于横向金属流动速度,减小横向应力最大值和横向应力持续时间,使轧件心部缺陷产生可能性减小;随着展宽角增大,同样可以减小横向应力数值和横向应力持续时间,使轧件心部缺陷产生可能性减小;随着成形角减小和展宽角增大,减小轴向力F2,改善缩颈现象;其横截面中心原奥氏体晶粒尺寸为11μm,气门杆部微观组织得到改善.     

Structural and optical properties of Cr doped ZnO crystalline thin films deposited by reactive electron beam evaporation technique

ZnO and Cr-doped ZnO thin films are grown on to glass substrates using reactive electron beam(e-beam) evaporation technique.Variation of structural,morphological,and optical properties with Cr doping is investigated.X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies show that the films are polycrystalline in nature with single phase.Energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) results demonstrate that Cr ions are substitutionally incorporated into ZnO.Atomic force microscopy(AFM) reveals that the films present a compact surface and root mean squared(RMS) roughness increased with Cr contents.The optical band gap energy Eg of the films has been determined using Transmission data by spectrophotometer and ellipsometry.The band gap energy found to be decreased with increasing Cr doping concentration.The optical constants(refractive index,extinction coefficient) are calculated using ellipsometry and found to increase with Cr doping concentration.     

水培条件下绿萝对铜、铬滤除特征

采用室内水培实验的方法,首先分别单独研究了绿萝对水体中铜、铬的滤除作用;进而开展了绿萝对水体中铜/铬复合污染的滤除作用。实验结果显示,当水体中铜浓度在0~3 mg/L范围内,绿萝对其去除率较高,14 d后去除率可达92%;而当水体中铜的浓度在4.5~10 mg/L时,绿萝对其滤除作用较低。绿萝对被铬污染的水体几乎没有滤除作用。在铜/铬复合污染水体中,当铬浓度在0~5 mg/L时,绿萝对其滤除作用明显,去除率可高达86%,说明铜的存在明显促进了铬的吸收。综上所述,绿萝在净化低浓度铜污染以及铜/铬复合污染的水体有很好的应用前景。