Protein aggregation as primary and characteristic cell reaction to various stresses

Ehrlich carcinoma and EL-4 thymoma ascites cells were subjected in vitro to heat shock, ATP depletion, oxidative stress, Ca²⁺ overlading and iodoacetamide treatment. After the transient stresses, Triton (X-100)-insoluble TIS) fractions were isolated from the cells and analysed by electrophoresis and immunoblotting. All stresses used caused rapid aggregation of cell proteins. This was manifested in a signficant rise in protein content in the TIS fractions. The protein increase was mostly due to and increase in the insolubility of actin, 57 kDa protein of intermediate filaments, 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP 70), and some specific proteins whose insolubilization was a characteristic sign for each type of cell injury. Different survival rates in the cell lines after either stress corrlated well with differences in their TIS protein accretion. Possible mechanisms for stress-induced protein aggregation and its relationship with cell viability are suggested.     

啤酒酵母对水中Cr（VI）的吸附研究

采用啤酒酵母作吸附剂吸附水中Cr(VI),考察了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、pH值和初始浓度对吸附效果的影响.研究发现,吸附效果受pH值影响最大,当pH值为2~3时Cr(VI)的去除效果最好.啤酒酵母对Cr(VI)的吸附遵循Langmuir和Freundlich等温线方程,符合拟二级动力学模型,实验结果表明啤酒酵母是一种有效去除废水中Cr(VI)的生物吸附剂.     

Cr4+:YAG被动调Q锁模的理论研究

介绍了其饱和吸收特性,并从速率方程出发分析了Cr4 :YAG运转在调Q、锁模的条件,给出了第二激发态的饱和光强的数值大小,得到如下结论:当入射光较弱,功率密度不足以使激发态饱和,Cr4 :YAG仅仅起到调Q的作用;当入射光很强,激光腔内的功率较高的时候,激发态吸收饱和,满足被动锁模的条件,可以实现被动锁模.     

霉菌菌丝球对重金属Cr（VI）的吸附特性

自活性污泥中筛选到一株对重金属Cr（VI）有很强吸附能力的霉菌菌株G-28。结果表明，G-28菌丝球吸附铬的适宜pH为1．0～3．0，适宜温度为20～45℃。在Cr（VI）初始浓度10～60mg·L^-1范围内，G-28对Cr（VI）吸附效果明显。该菌株吸附铬的适宜摇速为150～180r·min^-1，吸附率达98．2％～98．8％。培养48h的菌丝球对Cr（VI）的吸附率最大。吸附动力学研究表明，G-28对铬的吸附0～2h是一个快速过程，而2～12h为慢吸附过程，12h后趋于平衡。G-28菌丝球灭活后，仍具有较强的吸附能力。G-28对电镀废水Cr（VI）的吸附率高达99.1%。     

4种重金属离子对厚壳贻贝幼贝的急性毒性

2007年8月间在浙江海洋学院水产养殖实验室内,开展了Zn2 、Cu2 、Hg2 、Cr6 对厚壳贻贝幼贝的急性毒性试验。结果表明:Zn2 、Cu2 、Hg2 、Cr6 对厚壳贻贝幼贝96 h的半致死质量浓度依次为2.333 mg/L,0.194 mg/L,0.120 mg/L,14.600 mg/L。厚壳贻贝幼贝对Zn2 、Cu2 、Hg2 、Cr6 的安全质量浓度分别为0.233 mg/L,0.019 mg/L,0.012 mg/L,1.460 mg/L。各重金属离子毒性强度为Hg2 >Cu2 >Zn2 >Cr6 。最后,还就Zn2 、Cu2 、Hg2 、Cr6 对厚壳贻贝幼贝的急性致毒效应与死亡跃变特征、厚壳贻贝幼贝对Zn2 、Cu2 、Hg2 、Cr6 的安全浓度进行了分析与探讨。     

Hexavalent Chromium Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Agricultural Waste Materials

Abilities of agricultural waste materials (walnut shell-WS, rice husk-RH, and peanut hull-PH) were tested as adsorbents for the adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the adsorption kinetics mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ) effect of adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time, and temperature. The best results are obtained at 15g/L adsorbent concentration, 60min contact time, 298K temperature, and 50mg/L adsorbate initial concentration at pH 2. The adsorption isotherms, using initial concentrations of Cr(Ⅵ) between 10 and 500mg/L for the Cr(Ⅵ) removal, show the maximum metal uptake capacities of adsorbent were 10.48, 6.71, and 8.54mg/g for WS, RH, and PH, respectively. And the adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm for WS, RH, and PH with correlation coefficients of 0.9862, 0.9723, and 0.9714, respectively. Moreover, the FTIR analysis of WS, RH, and PH before and after adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) suggested that Cr ions were combined to some functional groups of compounds contained in these materials.     

阳极电解氧化Cr^3＋工艺研究

采用隔膜式板框压滤自动循环电解装置,以纯铅板为电极,研究了影响Cr3+阳极氧化的工艺条件.实验结果表明提高电解时[C3-+]、阳极电流密度和温度,电流效率都有不同程度提高.当[Cr3+]=1.20mol·L-1、DA=800A·m-2、温度为50℃、液体循环速度为0.3～0.4 m·s-1时,阳极电流效率达71%,Cr3+转化率在80%以上.     

大气臭氧层变化、太阳活动与中国流脑及人间鼠疫流地特征的关系研究

通过以1950－1989年有关的资料系列进行分析后，首次研究和报道了中国大气臭层变化、太阳活动与流行性脑脊髓膜炎（ECM）及人间鼠疫（HP）两类传染病发病率流行周期特征之间的关系，研究结果表明：①由较长时段看，自氧层变化／太阳活动与ECM及HP年发病率间存在着较为密切的相关；②从较短时段看，发病率的季节变化与某些气象因子的变化有一定的关系，最后，提出了一个解释这两类疾病周期流行机制的简单模型。     

3Cr2W8V钢热应力疲劳探讨

本文研究了热处理温度和循环温度对3Cr2W8V钢热疲劳抗力的影响,探讨了热疲劳抗力与常规力学性质之间的联系.     

δ铁素体对12%Cr超超临界转子钢冲击性能的影响

高中压转子是超超临界火电机组的关键零部件,要求具有很高的高低温冲击性能,材料一般采用高铬(12%Cr)耐热合金钢.该文通过一系列实验,研究了12%Cr转子钢1Cr12W2NiMoVNbN钢组织中δ铁素体对室温冲击性能的影响.结果表明:δ铁素体的存在会严重损害该钢的冲击性能,而奥氏体晶粒尺寸在一定范围内对其冲击性能影响不大;对已经出现的δ铁素体,可以用在900～1 150℃温度区间长期保温的方法进行消除.研究结果对科学制定超超临界高中压转子铜热处理工艺具有参考价值.