GPS基线向量解误差分析

文章探讨了GPS绝对定位及卫星星历误差对基线向量解精度的影响,得出了一些有益的结论.     

相对论中的坐标变换

本文讨论了Ｇａｌｉｌｅｏ变换、Ｌｏｒｅｎｔｚ变换及广义坐标变换与时空的关系；指出了通过坐标变换可以给我们带来许多新的时空信息──对称性、各向同性．从而使我们看到，物理学中的坐标变换是一种基本的巧妙的数学手段．     

旋转椭球坐标系中的拉普拉斯算符及其应用

本文给出了旋转椭球坐标系中的拉普拉斯算符的表示式,并用其求解几种情况下旋转椭球的电势。     

Disentangling the effects of topography and space on the distributions of dominant species in a subtropical forest

Topography and space are two important factors determining plant species assemblages in forest communities. Quantification of the contribution of these two factors in determining species distribution helps us to evaluate their relative importance in determining species assemblages. This study aims to disentangle the effect of topography and space on the distributions of 14 dominant species in a subtropical mixed forest. Spearman correlation analysis and the torus- translation test were used to test the species-habitat associa- tions. Variation partitioning was used to quantify the relative contributions of topography and space at three sampling scales and three life stages. Correlation analyses and torus-transla- tion tests showed species abundance was mostly correlated with topographic wetness index, vertical distance from the channel network and convexity. Variation partitioning showed that pure topography, pure space and spatially struc- tured topography explained about 2.1%, 41.2 % and 13.8 % of the variation in species distributions, respectively. For nine species, total topography fractions peaked in 20 m quadrats. For ten species, the pure space fractions peaked in 50 m quadrats. For many species, the total topography fraction and the pure space fraction were larger for the most abundant life stages, which reflected the importance of sampling effect. However, some cases did not follow this trend suggesting that the effects of ecological processes such as habitat filtering, density dependence or dispersal limitation may exceed the sampling effects. In conclusion, we found that spatially structured topography and pure space primarily shaped the distribution of dominant tree species. Furthermore, their effects were both scale- and life stage-dependent.     

Mesh and measure in early general relativity

In the early days of general relativity, several of Einstein׳s readers misunderstood the role of coordinates or “mesh-system” in ways that threatened the basic predictions of the theory. This confusion largely derived from intrinsic defects of Einstein׳s first systematic exposition of his theory. A few of Einstein׳s followers, including Arthur Eddington, Hermann Weyl, and Max von Laue, identified the interpretive difficulties and solved them by combining a deeply geometrical understanding of the theory with detailed attention to the concrete conditions of measurement.