Collaboration,interdisciplinarity, and the epistemology of contemporary science

Over the last decades, science has grown increasingly collaborative and interdisciplinary and has come to depart in important ways from the classical analyses of the development of science that were developed by historically inclined philosophers of science half a century ago. In this paper, I shall provide a new account of the structure and development of contemporary science based on analyses of, first, cognitive resources and their relations to domains, and second of the distribution of cognitive resources among collaborators and the epistemic dependence that this distribution implies. On this background I shall describe different ideal types of research activities and analyze how they differ. Finally, analyzing values that drive science towards different kinds of research activities, I shall sketch the main mechanisms underlying the perceived tension between disciplines and interdisciplinarity and argue for a redefinition of accountability and quality control for interdisciplinary and collaborative science.     

智慧系统及其在智慧城市应用的前沿技术分析

为解决城市"复杂巨系统"组织运行中的人-机-物协同融合等共性问题,构建面向智慧城市应用服务的通用平台,结合智慧系统基础理论研究,通过对IBM(International Business Machines Corporation)、阿里云计算有限公司、华为技术有限公司及北京易华录信息技术股份有限公司等中外企业智慧系统在智慧城市中的实际应用分析,明确了智慧系统的基本内涵与特征,提出了智慧系统的通用组成,开展了智慧系统体系架构的设计,并从感、传、智、用4个系统单元设计技术和一个系统总体设计技术角度,全面阐述了智慧系统面向智慧城市应用的前沿技术体系构成及其应用方向,为智慧系统的设计提供了技术指引和系统构建参考.     

基于GMMSTS的协同机制研究

分析了在广域网环境下进行大规模分布仿真时海量异构资源难以协同的问题,提出了一种基于网格的多用户多任务仿真训练系统(GMMSTS).详细研究了GMMSTS中存在的多种协同关系,定义了基于用户和基于联邦的两类协同机制,并讨论了具体实现方案,完成了复杂协作关系的有效管理.GMMSTS已应用到某雷达模拟训练器中,其中的协同管理模块成功地实现了多任务,多用户的协同,取得了良好的效果.     

基于协同电子商务的企业采购模式的设计与实现

本文建立了在协同电子商务环境下新的网络采购模型,介绍了协同采购管理系统的体系结构、功能设计以及系统实现的关键技术,详细论述了决策支持技术及系统集成方法．目前该系统已在企业中试用,且运行良好．     

Collaborative Implementation Network Structures: Cultural Tourism Implementation in an English Seaside Context

Strategic policy has to be implemented within complex operating environments where organisations have to perform within an inter-dependent production process in a dynamic mix of competition and cooperation. This suggests that network structures need to be in place that allow for both collaboration and competition whilst mitigating against structural fragmentation. The aim of this research was to further the understanding of control and communication mechanisms and collaboration in policy implementation networks and focus upon problems of structural fragmentation in these complex policy environments. This research used a systems approach to develop a methodological framework based on Beer’s Viable System Model, work by Espejo and Social Network Analysis. The research was set in a tourism ‘cluster’ in an English seaside context, which is that part of the Yorkshire coast covered by the Scarborough Borough Council local authority, where a more culturally focussed tourism product was being introduced.     

Moral trust & scientific collaboration

Modern scientific knowledge is increasingly collaborative. Much analysis in social epistemology models scientists as self-interested agents motivated by external inducements and sanctions. However, less research exists on the epistemic import of scientists’ moral concern for their colleagues. I argue that scientists’ trust in their colleagues’ moral motivations is a key component of the rationality of collaboration. On the prevailing account, trust is a matter of mere reliance on the self-interest of one’s colleagues. That is, scientists merely rely on external compulsion to motivate self-interested colleagues to be trustworthy collaborators. I show that this self-interest account has significant limitations. First, it cannot fully account for trust by relatively powerless scientists. Second, reliance on self-interest can be self-defeating. For each limitation, I show that moral trust can bridge the gap—when members of the scientific community cannot rely on the self-interest of their colleagues, they rationally place trust in the moral motivations of their colleagues. Case studies of mid-twentieth-century industrial laboratories and exploitation of junior scientists show that such moral trust justifies collaboration when mere reliance on the self-interest of colleagues would be irrational. Thus, this paper provides a more complete and realistic account of the rationality of scientific collaboration.     

基于改进蜘蛛群居算法的移动机器人路径规划方法研究

路径规划是移动机器人研究的重要领域之一,其优劣直接影响行径过程中机器人与周围环境的交互能力。常用的全局路径规划方法容易产生扩大空间时决策速度下降、死锁等问题,蜘蛛群居算法其收敛速度和搜索能力不佳,通过改进邻域搜索,改进全局搜索和婚配半径,来获得更优的收敛速度和搜索能力,迭代寻优时,通过模拟蜘蛛群体运动规律,即依据雌、雄蜘蛛的协作,相互吸引以及婚配过程进行信息交互,最终得到最优解。实验证明:改进蜘蛛群居算法,可以实现对移动机器人的路径规划,提高其搜索能力,避免在路径规划过程中陷入局部最优,相比于蜘蛛群居算法和粒子群算法,该算法优化后的最短路径和实际路径更优。     

组织间邻近性对技术标准合作绩效的影响研究——基于闪联的案例分析

通过分析地理邻近性、技术(知识)邻近性、制度邻近性和认知邻近性等对技术标准合作绩效的作用方式,并以闪联的形成和成长过程论证不同邻近性对技术标准合作绩效的影响。理论与案例研究表明组织间邻近性与技术标准合作网络密不可分,地理邻近性、技术(知识)邻近性、制度邻近性和认知邻近性对技术标准合作绩效有着不同的作用方式与影响程度。     

基于K-means算法的改进蚁群聚类算法及其应用

基于化学识别的蚁群聚类算法无需给定聚类数目就能自动实现数据集的聚集,但大量采用随机策略使得蚂蚁达到平衡的运行时间长,效率不高。为此提出了一种用K-means算法做初次聚类、蚁群聚类算法再次聚类的新算法,结果表明该算法具有较高的正确率。最后将该算法应用于系统应用协同中,得到了较好的分析结果。     

夸克集团模型对胶子分布函数的核效应的解释

利用夸克集团模型，适当给定核内存在６夸克集团及９夸克集团的几率，很好地解释了胶子分布函数的核效应