从“语言公差”谈二语习得焦虑产生的原因

外语学习者个体差异通常包括三方面:学习者对语言学习的看法;学习者情感态度;学习者一般性因素。目前对情感态度的研究通常是从学习者一般性因素的角度入手,对于学习者对语言学习的看法却研究较少,然而,外语学习焦虑作为情感态度的一个组成部分,其产生的根本原因却正在于此。外语学习者中普遍存在的乌托邦式的学习目标与学他们实际能达到的水平之间的差异称为“语言公差“,它应是外语学习焦虑产生的根本原因。因此,建立客观的语言学习目标,辅之以相关学习策略才能根本解决外语学习焦虑的问题。     

并 行 文 件 系 统 WPFS

介绍在Windows NT平台上研制的并行文件系统WPFS.     

柔性件装配概念设计偏差分析系统架构

针对概念设计阶段装配公差设计的特点,提出了概念设计车身装配偏差分析系统(AVA),研究了装配顺序、接头类型和装配公差三者的不确定性关系及其对装配最终偏差的影响.通过该系统可以解决关键尺寸在车身装配概念设计阶段成本条件下满足质量要求的装配方案设计,并可以快速实现设计方案的生成、分析与决策.     

集成电阻网络的电阻检测

本文讨论了含闭合回路电阻检测的保护测量原理及线路,给出了几组实测数据以说明原理线路的可行性;讨论了R-2R梯形电阻网络DAC电阻检测的一些问题。     

高强度内六角螺栓的成形破裂研究

本文分析了高强度内六角螺栓的变形模式,提出了角部金属流动的应变表达式,并通过35CrMoA等高强度材料的实验研究,导出了材料破裂极限,其研究结果可以指导高强度多边形型腔零件和轴对称零件的冷锻生产.     

用时间序列分析方法动态确定检查点时间间隔

设置检查点是容错计算机系统进行故障恢复的重要手段。检查点的开销则是影响其性能的一个主要因素。许多文献已指出检查点开销主要是来自于对进程状态的保存。文章采用时间序列分析的方法对进程状态大小变化情况进行分析和预测,动态选择恰当的检查点时间间隔,减少检查点时需保存的进程状态量,从而减小了检查点的开销。     

毛细管色谱“冷柱上进样”技术的研究

本文提出了一种简化的毛细管色谱“冷柱上进样”技术并对其性能进行了研究。测定了溶质峰面积及保留指数的重现性,并与常用的分流进样的结果进行了比较。研究了冷柱上进样中常出现的峰形畸变问题及解决办法。     

Setting up a discipline, II: British history of science and “the end of ideology”, 1931-1948

For the history of science the 1940s were a transformative decade, when salient scholars like Herbert Butterfield or Alexandre Koyré set out to shape postwar culture by promoting new standards for understanding science. Some years ago I placed these developments in a tradition of enduring arts-science tensions and the contemporary notion that previous, “scientistic”, historical practices needed to be confronted with disinterested codes of historical craft (Mayer, 2000). Here, I want to further explore the ideological dimensions of the processes through which the academic study of science became institutionalized. Butterfield’s generation of science historians moulded perception of science in highly specific ways. Whereas the scientist-historians of the 1930s put scientific innovation into its socio-economic contexts, postwar accounts portrayed the birth of modern science as an intellectual revolution. Anti-Marxism formed a defining feature of the process by which the image of scientific work as a disinterested journey of the mind came to be institutionalized. Rather than spelling the end of ideology, appointments processes in the early Cold War years reveal disagreement about what science was to be invariably coextensive with dissent about social and political order. Rather than testifying to irreconcilable conflicts between interestedness and historical craft, the work of both the 1930s and 40s speaks of surprisingly productive relations between the two.     

Advances in Biological Water-saving Research:Challenge and Perspectives

Increasing the efficiency of water use by crops continues to escalate as a topic of concern because drought is a restrictive environmental factor for crop productivity worldwide.Greater yield per unit rainfall is one of the most important challenges in wa     

从寒食清明诗看唐代风俗

寒食清明是唐代重要的时令节日之一 ,在唐诗中有着大量的描写寒食清明节的诗篇 ,从中显示出寒食清明节在唐代的风俗。这些风俗有的是对唐以前习俗的继承 ,如禁烟赐火 ;有的是对唐以前习俗的发展 ,如上坟扫墓 ;有的是对唐以前习俗的突破 ,如踏青游玩 ;还有的是对唐以前习俗的创新 ,如宴游文会