Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions and their evolutions of gases generated by herbaceous swamp peat at different thermal maturity stages

Coalbed methane (CBM) accumulation models include continuous gas accumulation and staged gas accumulation.However,studied on the geochemical characteristics and indices to evaluate staged accumulation CBM are lacking.This study for the first time obtained the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of methane and ethane generated at different evolution stages using thermal simulation of samples prepared by treating an herbaceous swamp peat at different temperatures.The results showed that the carbon isotopic compositions of methane and ethane were obviously affected by the thermal evolution level of the starting sample,while the hydrogen isotopic compositions were closely related to the maturity of gases.The carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of gases generated by coal-forming organic matter with Ro values from 1.2%,1.7%,2.4%,3.2% and 3.7% to 5.2% were determinated.The relationship between Ro values and the carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of gases generated by coal-forming organic matter at different evolution stages as well as the carbon or hydrogen isotopic relationships between methane and ethane were established.The results provide a scientific basis for studying the genesis of CBM generated at different maturity intervals and understanding the geochemical characteristics of staged accumulation CBM.These results were applied to a case study on CBM from the southern Qinshui basin,and it was found that the CBM accumulated after the Middle Jurassic and was characteristic of staged gas accumulation.This is consistent with the result of geological studies,and further showed that the results of thermal simulation experiments are very important for evaluating the genesis of natural CBM.     

低浓度煤层气多孔射流扩散燃烧的数值模拟

采用k-ε湍流双方程模型、非预混燃烧模型和P1辐射传热模型,对低浓度煤层气扩散燃烧过程进行了数值模拟。比较了不同结构形式和不同射流参数对低浓度煤层气燃烧过程的影响。结果表明:燃气喷口与燃烧空间中心轴线的距离、燃气向空气偏转角度、空气和燃气的速度比对煤层气扩散燃烧有很大影响。当燃气喷口与中心的间距为30mm,燃气向空气偏转角度为45°,空气和燃气的速度比为2时,燃烧效果较好。     

Ph2PCH(SiMe3)2的合成及晶体结构分析

由二(三甲基硅基)甲基锂(1)与一氯二苯基膦经一步反应合成了二(三甲基硅基)-二苯基膦基-甲烷化合物(2),并通过1H NMR、13C NMR、元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射等手段进行了表征,结果表明,化合物(2)属三斜晶系,P-1空间群,a=8.815(2)A,b=11.188(3)A,c=11.211(3)A;α=109.864(3)°,β=96.567(3)°,γ=101.867(3)°;V=997.1(4)A3,Z=2,R1=0.0 874,GOF=1.042.     

注气驱替煤层气技术的探讨

论述了在我国开发煤层气的意义,研究现状及存在的问题,并且探讨了注气驱替煤层气的作用机理。     

基于静态箱法的堆放奶牛粪便甲烷排放速率研究

利用静态箱-气相色谱法,研究了黑白花奶牛粪便在四个堆放高度(30、45、60 cm和每天加粪6 cm加至粪便高度为60 cm)自然堆放20周的CH_4排放速率,同时分析了堆放前后奶牛粪便的理化特性。结果表明:堆放7周后,奶牛粪便干物质、挥发性固体、全氮、全磷(除堆高30 cm的处理外)、氨态氮、pH(除每天加粪便的处理外)均相应下降,灰分、总有机碳和碳氮比增加;四种处理CH_4排放速率在堆放4 d内分别达到一个峰值,后急剧下降并逐渐平稳,实验中期出现一个持续7周的高峰期。Wilcoxon非参数检验表明,粪便堆高和堆放方式对甲烷排放影响较大。     

含联苯结构环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其固化反应动力学

采用含联苯结构环氧树脂3,3＇,5,5＇-四甲基联苯二酚二缩水甘油醚(TMBP)与层间距为2.33 nm的有机蒙脱土(O-MMT)进行插层复合,并选用芳香型固化剂4,4 ＇-二氨基二苯甲烷(DDM),制备了TMBP/DDM/MMT纳米复合材料.采用非等温差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究该体系的固化反应动力学,求得其表观活化...     

苯氨基甲酸甲酯(MPC)的合成研究

对碳酸二甲酯(DMC)和苯胺(AN)反应生成MPC的合成工艺过程和条件进行了研究.对进料方式进行了改进,就体系反应物料配比的大小、反应时间、反应温度等因素和条件对合成MPC的影响进行了详细研究,结果发现以CSX为催化剂,在150℃,n(DMC)∶n(AN)=5∶1的开放体系中反应3 h,MPC的收率可达94.06%,选择性为96.41%.     

CH_4、CO_2、水蒸气催化反应析炭实验考察

在密封的热天平系统中,进行了析炭动力学实验。实验用的气体成份模拟设计的工业值。在新研制的催化剂上,无论是低温析炭区,还是高温析炭区,均不析炭。使用这种催化剂能防止制气炉析炭。实验结果还表明,在低温段填充耐火材料,也能防止下段析炭。     

煤层气井快速钻进和气层保护技术

空气钻进和无固相植物胶钻井液适合煤层气钻进。空气钻进速度快,对煤层和环境无污染。无固相植物胶钻井液可生物降解,交联剂可交联堵漏。空气钻井复杂情况的判断与处理具有针对性。     

煤层气的富集成藏类型初探

通过对煤层气赋集成藏因素和机理的分析，结合煤层气勘探中有煤层却没有煤层气赋集，有煤层气赋集未必是勘探的有利选区等地质认识，探讨了煤层气藏的概念，并根据煤层气藏的成因和构造形态对煤层气藏类型进行了详细划分，共划分了8种煤层气藏类型，包括了目前所有已经发现煤层气藏类型。并认为只有在含气饱和度较高的煤层气藏，且具有较高的渗透率，才能成为煤层气勘探的有利区块。